Market Position:
The BMW 5 Series (E28) represented BMW's entry into the executive sedan market in the early 1980s, offering a blend of performance, luxury, and advanced engineering, positioning it against competitors like Mercedes-Benz E-Class and Audi 100.
Competitors:
Mercedes-Benz W123, Audi 100/200, Volvo 240/700 Series, Cadillac Seville.
Key Features:
Sophisticated handling, powerful inline-six engines, driver-focused interior, robust build quality, and a reputation for longevity.
Areas Covered:
Engine, transmission, drivetrain, suspension, steering, brakes, fuel system, cooling system, electrical system, body and chassis, maintenance, diagnostics, troubleshooting, specifications, wiring diagrams.
Page Count:
Hundreds of pages
Manual Type:
Factory Service Repair Manual
Systems:
Engine mechanical, engine management (L-Jetronic), exhaust, cooling, fuel delivery, ignition, clutch, manual transmission, driveshaft, differential, axles, front suspension, rear suspension, steering system, hydraulic brake system, ABS (if equipped), chassis electrical, lighting, instrumentation, body hardware, interior trim, climate control.
Electrical System Details:
Comprehensive wiring diagrams for all circuits, including engine management, lighting, instrumentation, power accessories, and HVAC.
Procedures:
Scheduled maintenance, routine inspections, engine tune-up, oil changes, filter replacements, brake pad/rotor replacement, clutch service, transmission overhaul, suspension component replacement, steering system repair, diagnostic procedures, electrical system troubleshooting, wiring harness repair, body panel alignment, interior component removal/installation.
Engine Rebuild:
Detailed specifications for cylinder head removal/installation, piston and connecting rod service, crankshaft bearing replacement, camshaft timing, and valve adjustment.
Depth:
Comprehensive: Covers basic maintenance to full engine and transmission rebuilds, including diagnostic flowcharts and detailed component specifications. Designed for professional technicians and advanced DIY enthusiasts.
Diagnostic Procedures:
Detailed diagnostic flowcharts, symptom-based troubleshooting guides, specific test procedures for fuel injection, ignition, and electrical components.
Engine Type:
Inline-6 Cylinder, SOHC
Engine Displacement:
2.8 Liters (2788 cc)
Horsepower:
Approximately 181 hp @ 5800 rpm (DIN)
Torque:
Approximately 230 Nm (170 lb-ft) @ 4200 rpm (DIN)
Fuel System Type:
Bosch L-Jetronic Fuel Injection
Fuel Type:
Unleaded Gasoline
Cooling Medium:
50/50 Water/Antifreeze Mixture (Ethylene Glycol)
Ignition System:
Breakerless electronic ignition with vacuum and centrifugal advance.
Transmission Type:
4-Speed Manual
Transmission Type:
3-Speed ZF 3HP22 Automatic
Clutch Type:
Hydraulically Actuated Single Dry Plate Clutch
Manual Transmission Fluid:
API GL-4, SAE 75W-90 or 80W-90 Gear Oil
Automatic Transmission Fluid:
Dexron III (or equivalent)
Wheelbase:
2700 mm (106.3 inches)
Length:
4620 mm (181.9 inches)
Width:
1700 mm (66.9 inches)
Height:
1420 mm (55.9 inches)
Track Width Front:
1400 mm (55.1 inches) approx.
Track Width Rear:
1420 mm (55.9 inches) approx.
Curb Weight Manual:
Approximately 1400 kg (3086 lbs)
Curb Weight Automatic:
Approximately 1440 kg (3175 lbs)
Gross Vehicle Weight Rating:
Approximately 1900 kg (4189 lbs)
Crash Test Ratings:
No formal crash test ratings available for this era from NHTSA or Euro NCAP. However, the E28 was known for its robust safety cage and crumple zones.
Active Safety:
Four-wheel disc brakes with ventilated front rotors. Optional Anti-lock Braking System (ABS) available on later models or as an option.
Passive Safety:
Reinforced safety cell, impact-absorbing steering column, padded dashboard, deep-set instrument cluster, laminated front windshield.
Infotainment System:
Basic analog radio, cassette player. Optional premium sound system.
Driver Assistance Features:
Driver-adjustable headlights, limited driver aids by modern standards. Optional ABS.
Connectivity Features:
None by modern definition. Analog systems.
Oil Change Interval:
Every 10,000 km (6,000 miles) or 6-12 months, whichever comes first.
Air Filter Replacement:
Every 20,000 km (12,000 miles) or as needed based on conditions.
Spark Plug Replacement:
Every 20,000-30,000 km (12,000-18,000 miles), depending on plug type.
Coolant Flush:
Every 2-3 years or 40,000 km (24,000 miles).
Engine Oil Specification:
API SG/SF, SAE 20W-50 or 10W-40 (depending on climate). Consult manual for specific viscosity recommendations.
Engine Oil Capacity:
Approximately 6.5 liters (6.9 US quarts) with filter change.
Coolant Type:
Ethylene Glycol based coolant (BMW Blue or equivalent).
Power Steering Fluid:
ATF (Dexron II/III compatible) or specific BMW power steering fluid.
Common Issues:
Cooling system leaks (hose, radiator, water pump), rust (wheel arches, rocker panels, battery tray), fuel distributor issues (M-Jetronic), aging rubber bushings (suspension, mounts), interior electrical gremlins, potential for head gasket leaks with high mileage.
Tune Up Components:
Ignition coil, distributor cap, rotor, spark plug wires, fuel filter.
Front Brake Type:
Ventilated Disc
Rear Brake Type:
Solid Disc
Brake Fluid Type:
DOT 3 or DOT 4.
Brand Heritage:
BMW, Bayerische Motoren Werke AG, has a long-standing reputation for producing premium automobiles focused on driving dynamics and performance. Founded in 1916, the company evolved from aircraft engine manufacturing to motorcycles and then cars.
Model Evolution:
The E28 is the second generation of the BMW 5 Series, succeeding the E12. It was a significant evolution, featuring improved aerodynamics, updated styling, and a more integrated chassis. It served as the basis for the iconic M535i and the first M5 (E28 S38).
Production Years:
1981-1987
Manufacturing Locations:
Germany (Dingolfing)
