Market Segment:
Compact/Small family car, often recognized for its rally heritage and All-Wheel Drive (AWD) capabilities.
Key Competitors Era:
Honda Civic, Toyota Corolla, Mitsubishi Lancer, Nissan Sentra, Ford Escort
Distinctive Features:
Standard Symmetrical All-Wheel Drive (AWD) on many models, boxer engine layout, affordable performance, rally-bred DNA.
Engine:
Engine mechanical, lubrication, cooling, fuel, ignition, emission control, engine performance diagnostics
Transmission:
Manual transmission, automatic transmission, clutch, drivetrain components (driveshafts, differentials)
Brakes:
Brake system hydraulics, anti-lock braking system (ABS) if equipped, parking brake
Suspension Steering:
Front and rear suspension, steering system, wheel alignment
Electrical:
Body electrical systems, lighting, instruments, infotainment, power accessories, wiring diagrams
Body Chassis:
Body construction, exterior panels, interior trim, doors, windows, HVAC system
Maintenance:
Scheduled maintenance, oil changes, fluid checks, filter replacements, tune-ups
Repair:
Detailed disassembly and reassembly procedures for all major components and systems
Diagnostics:
Troubleshooting guides, diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs) and their interpretation, symptom-based diagnostics
Engine Overhaul:
Complete engine disassembly, inspection, measurement of critical clearances, and reassembly procedures for various EJ series engines.
Transmission Rebuild:
Detailed steps for disassembling and rebuilding both manual and automatic transmissions, including torque specifications and gear train servicing.
Electrical Troubleshooting:
Extensive wiring diagrams, component testing procedures, and symptom-based troubleshooting for all electrical systems.
Body Repair:
Panel replacement, dent repair guidance, door and window mechanism servicing, and chassis alignment procedures.
Climate Control Service:
HVAC system diagnosis, refrigerant handling (with safety precautions), component replacement (compressor, evaporator, heater core), and performance testing.
Technical Depth:
Comprehensive, suitable for professional technicians and advanced DIY enthusiasts. Covers everything from basic adjustments to complete engine and transmission rebuilds.
Torque Specifications:
Extensive torque values provided for all fasteners, crucial for proper assembly and preventing damage.
Diagnostic Charts:
Detailed diagnostic flowcharts and symptom analysis tables to guide technicians in pinpointing faults.
Engine Code Common:
EJ20 (various configurations)
Engine Type:
Naturally aspirated and turbocharged flat-four (Boxer)
Displacement Liters:
1.8L, 2.0L, 2.2L, 2.5L (depending on market and trim)
Horsepower Range:
Approximately 115-220 hp (varies significantly by engine and turbocharging)
Torque Range:
Approximately 120-220 lb-ft (varies significantly by engine and turbocharging)
Fuel Delivery:
Electronic Fuel Injection (EFI)
Ej22E:
2.2L Naturally Aspirated, ~130 hp, 137 lb-ft torque. Common in base models.
Ej25D:
2.5L Naturally Aspirated, ~165 hp, 155 lb-ft torque. DOHC. Known for potential head gasket issues.
Ej20G:
2.0L Turbocharged, ~217 hp, 210 lb-ft torque. Found in early JDM WRX models and some Canadian market vehicles.
Infotainment Features:
Basic AM/FM radio, cassette player, and CD player options. Speaker configuration varies by trim level. Upgrades are common for modern use.
Driver Assistance Features:
Limited by era. Primarily focused on mechanical systems like AWD. No advanced electronic driver aids.
Connectivity Features:
N/A by modern standards. No Bluetooth, USB, or smartphone integration.
Oil Change Interval:
Typically 3,000-7,500 miles or 6-12 months, depending on driving conditions and oil type. Refer to FSM for exact recommendations.
Timing Belt Replacement:
Critical: Usually around 60,000-100,000 miles or 7-10 years. Failure can cause severe engine damage on interference engines. Check FSM for specific engine.
Engine Oil Type:
API SG or SH, SAE 5W-30 or 10W-30 recommended for most naturally aspirated engines. Turbocharged engines may require different viscosity. Consult FSM.
Coolant Type:
Subaru Genuine Coolant or equivalent ethylene glycol-based antifreeze, mixed 50/50 with distilled water. Check FSM for specific type (e.g., older models might use different colors).
Transmission Fluid Manual:
API GL-5 gear oil, SAE 75W-90 recommended. Capacity ~2.1-2.5 liters.
Transmission Fluid Automatic:
Subaru ATF-HP or equivalent. Capacity ~3.5-4.0 liters for drain/fill. Check FSM for full capacity and procedure.
Differential Fluid Front:
API GL-5 gear oil, SAE 75W-90 recommended. Capacity ~1.0-1.2 liters.
Differential Fluid Rear:
API GL-5 gear oil, SAE 75W-90 recommended. Capacity ~1.0-1.3 liters (varies by LSD if equipped).
Brake Fluid Type:
DOT 3 or DOT 4 brake fluid. Consult FSM for specific grade.
Power Steering Fluid:
Dexron II or equivalent ATF. Consult FSM for specific type.
Head Gaskets:
While less prevalent than in later EJ25 engines, head gasket leaks can still occur, especially in higher mileage or poorly maintained turbocharged models. The FSM provides diagnosis and repair procedures.
Turbocharger Wear:
For turbocharged models (e.g., WRX variants), turbocharger reliability depends heavily on maintenance, oil changes, and avoiding heat soak. The manual covers turbocharger inspection and service.
Suspension Wear:
Bushings and ball joints can wear over time, affecting handling and alignment. The manual details component replacement and alignment specifications.
Subaru Brand Focus:
Known for its horizontally opposed (Boxer) engines and Symmetrical All-Wheel Drive systems, often associated with durability and off-road capability.
First Generation Introduction:
The first generation Subaru Impreza was introduced globally in 1992 (Japan) and 1993 (North America), replacing the Subaru Leone.
First Generation Facelift:
A significant facelift occurred in 1996, introducing redesigned front and rear fascias, improving aerodynamics and aesthetics.
Manufacturing Locations:
Primarily manufactured in Japan.
