Segment:
Executive Sedan, Luxury Sports Sedan
Historical Significance:
The E28 represented a significant evolution of BMW's 5 Series, solidifying its reputation for driving dynamics, build quality, and sophisticated engineering. It was a benchmark in its class during its production run.
Competitors:
Mercedes-Benz W123/W124, Audi 100, Jaguar XJ6, Volvo 240/740 series.
Design:
Chris Bangle's influence was beginning to be felt, but the E28 retained classic BMW styling with sharp lines, a prominent grille, and a driver-focused interior. Known for its robust build and enduring appeal.
Driving Dynamics:
Renowned for its balanced chassis, precise steering, and engaging driving experience, characteristic of the 'Ultimate Driving Machine' ethos.
Engine:
Detailed diagnosis, repair, and overhaul procedures for M30 (3.0L, 3.2L, 3.5L) inline-six gasoline engines and M21 (2.4L) inline-six turbodiesel engine, including fuel injection (Bosch L-Jetronic, Motronic), ignition systems, cooling, lubrication, and emissions.
Transmission:
Repair and overhaul for Getrag 260, Getrag 265/6 5-speed manual transmissions, and ZF 3 HP-22, 4 HP-22 3 and 4-speed automatic transmissions, including clutch, driveshaft, differential, and axle components.
Chassis:
Front and rear suspension (MacPherson struts, semi-trailing arms), steering systems (power steering), brake systems (ABS, disc/drum configurations), and wheel/tire specifications.
Electrical:
Complete wiring diagrams, diagnostic procedures for lighting, instruments, engine management, comfort features, and accessory systems.
Body:
Body panel repair, interior trim removal and installation, door mechanisms, glass replacement, and climate control system servicing.
Maintenance:
Regular maintenance tasks such as oil changes, filter replacements, spark plug servicing, brake fluid changes, coolant flushes, and accessory belt inspections.
Troubleshooting:
Systematic diagnostic charts and symptom-based troubleshooting guides for common and complex issues.
Repair:
Step-by-step instructions for component removal, disassembly, repair, reassembly, and installation.
Rebuilds:
Detailed procedures for engine and transmission rebuilding, including critical tolerances and specifications.
Depth:
Expert level. Covers everything from basic preventative maintenance to complete engine and transmission overhauls, including advanced diagnostics and specialized procedures.
Engine Variant 1:
528e (M30B27 'Eta' engine)
528E Displacement:
2.7 Liters (2693 cc)
528E Horsepower:
121 hp @ 4800 rpm (approx.)
528E Torque:
170 lb-ft @ 3250 rpm (approx.)
Engine Variant 2:
533i (M30B32 engine)
533I Displacement:
3.2 Liters (3210 cc)
533I Horsepower:
182 hp @ 5500 rpm (approx.)
533I Torque:
203 lb-ft @ 4000 rpm (approx.)
Engine Variant 3:
535i (M30B35 engine)
535I Displacement:
3.4 Liters (3430 cc)
535I Horsepower:
182-211 hp @ 5700 rpm (depending on market and spec, approx.)
535I Torque:
220-235 lb-ft @ 4000 rpm (depending on market and spec, approx.)
Engine Variant 4:
524td (M21D24 turbodiesel engine)
524Td Displacement:
2.4 Liters (2443 cc)
524Td Horsepower:
115 hp @ 4800 rpm (approx.)
524Td Torque:
184 lb-ft @ 2400 rpm (approx.)
Gasoline Injection Systems:
Bosch K-Jetronic (early models), Bosch L-Jetronic, and Bosch Motronic EFI systems across different engine variants and years.
Diesel Injection System:
Bosch VE injection pump for the 524td.
Manual Transmission 1:
Getrag 260 (5-speed manual)
Manual Transmission 2:
Getrag 265/6 (5-speed manual, often found in M-Sport or higher performance variants)
Automatic Transmission 1:
ZF 3 HP-22 (3-speed automatic)
Automatic Transmission 2:
ZF 4 HP-22 (4-speed automatic, introduced later in the E28 lifecycle)
Clutch Type:
Hydraulically actuated single dry plate clutch.
Driveshaft:
One-piece or two-piece driveshaft with universal joints and center bearing support.
Differential:
Limited-slip differential (LSD) often available as an option or standard on performance models.
Safety Standards:
Designed to meet safety standards of the 1980s. Lacked modern electronic safety aids found in contemporary vehicles.
ABS:
Anti-lock Braking System (ABS) available on most models from the mid-1980s onwards.
Seatbelts:
Three-point inertia-reel seatbelts, with optional rear seatbelts.
Body Structure:
Reinforced passenger cell with crumple zones front and rear for energy absorption.
Audio System:
Factory-installed AM/FM radio with cassette player, often with optional premium sound systems and amplifiers. Aftermarket head units are common upgrades.
Cruise Control:
Electronic cruise control system available on most models.
Climate Control:
Manual or optional automatic climate control systems (recirculating air, A/C). Heater core leaks can be a significant repair.
Connectivity Features:
Limited to power windows, power door locks, and mirrors. No integrated Bluetooth or USB connectivity from the factory.
Oil Change Interval:
Typically 7,500 - 10,000 miles or 12 months (check manual for specific recommendations based on driving conditions).
Timing Belt Interval:
N/A (M30 engines use a maintenance-free timing chain; M21 diesel uses a timing belt, typically 60,000-100,000 miles or 5-7 years).
Coolant Flush Interval:
Every 2 years or 30,000 miles (approx.).
Brake Fluid Change Interval:
Every 2 years.
Engine Oil Spec:
API SG/SH or ACEA A2/A3 rated oil, viscosity typically 5W-30, 10W-40, or 20W-50 depending on climate (e.g., BMW High Performance Synthetic 20W-50 was common).
Coolant Spec:
Ethylene glycol-based coolant, typically a 50/50 mix with distilled water. BMW recommends specific coolant types.
Transmission Fluid Manual:
GL-4 or GL-5 gear oil, typically 75W-90 or 80W-90 for Getrag transmissions. Manual specifies BMW MTF LT-2 or equivalent.
Transmission Fluid Automatic:
Dexron III (or equivalent ATF fluid compatible with ZF transmissions of that era). Manual specifies ZF TE-ML 04D, TE-ML 14A.
Brake Fluid Spec:
DOT 3 or DOT 4 brake fluid.
Fuel System Leaks:
Common issues include deteriorating fuel lines, faulty O-rings, and worn fuel pump seals, especially on older vehicles.
Cooling System:
Cracked radiator end tanks, failing water pumps, and thermostat housing leaks are frequent problems. Overheating can lead to head gasket failure.
Suspension:
Worn control arm bushings, ball joints, tie rod ends, and shock absorbers are common due to age and mileage, affecting ride and handling.
Electrical Gremlins:
Corroded grounds, failing headlight relays, door lock actuators, and dashboard warning lights are common electrical issues.
Interior Wear:
Cracked dashboards, worn seat upholstery, and sagging headliners are typical interior wear points.
Bmw Philosophy:
BMW's continued commitment to performance, engineering excellence, and driver engagement inherited from its rich history.
Predecessor:
BMW E12 (first generation 5 Series).
Successor:
BMW E34 (second generation 5 Series, introduced in late 1987/early 1988).
Production Period:
1981-1988.
Manufacturing Locations:
Primarily Dingolfing, Germany.
Production Volume:
Over 680,000 units produced globally, making it a successful and significant model for BMW.
Automotive Press:
Consistently praised by automotive journalists for its driving dynamics, build quality, and performance, often featured in 'best of' lists for its era.
Reliability:
While known for robust engineering, specific components can require attention due to age. Overall reliability is considered good for a classic German car with proper maintenance.
Safety Certifications:
Adhered to all relevant safety regulations for its production period.
