Target Audience:
Enthusiasts, DIY mechanics, professional service technicians working on vintage BMWs.
Competitors 1984:
Mercedes-Benz W124 E-Class, Audi 100, Jaguar XJ6
Handling:
Renowned for its balanced chassis and precise steering.
Engine Smoothness:
M30 inline-six engine known for its refinement and durability.
Value Proposition:
Empowers owners to maintain and repair their classic BMW, preserving its performance and value.
Engine Management:
Fuel injection (Bosch L-Jetronic/Motronic), ignition timing, emission controls
Cooling System:
Radiator, water pump, thermostat, hoses, fan clutch
Lubrication System:
Oil pump, oil filter, oil cooler, lubrication passages
Fuel System:
Fuel tank, fuel pump, fuel lines, injectors, pressure regulator
Exhaust System:
Exhaust manifold, catalytic converter, mufflers, pipes
Drivetrain:
Driveshaft, universal joints, differential, axles
Steering:
Power steering system, steering rack, steering column
Chassis Frame:
Frame construction, mounting points
Climate Control:
HVAC system, blower motor, A/C compressor, heater core
Lighting System:
Headlights, taillights, interior lights, wiring diagrams
Instrumentation:
Gauges, warning lights, sensors
Engine Overhaul:
Complete engine rebuild, including piston, ring, bearing, and cylinder head service
Transmission Repair:
Automatic and manual transmission disassembly, assembly, and adjustment
Brake Service:
Brake pad and rotor replacement, caliper rebuilding, hydraulic system bleeding
Suspension Geometry:
Alignment procedures, shock absorber and strut replacement
Electrical Troubleshooting:
Wiring diagrams for all circuits, diagnostic procedures for electrical faults
Body Panel Replacement:
Front fenders, doors, hood, trunk lid removal and installation
Air Conditioning Service:
Refrigerant system charging, leak detection, component replacement
Fuel System Diagnostics:
Fuel pressure testing, injector cleaning and testing
Ignition System Service:
Spark plug replacement, distributor service, ignition coil testing
Depth:
Comprehensive: Covers routine maintenance to complete engine and transmission rebuilds, including detailed diagnostics and repair procedures.
Engine Type:
Inline-6 Cylinder, SOHC
Displacement:
2494 cc (2.5 Liters)
Horsepower:
Approx. 150 hp @ 5500 rpm (varies slightly by market and specific tuning)
Torque:
Approx. 205 Nm (151 lb-ft) @ 3500 rpm
Fuel Injection:
Bosch L-Jetronic or Motronic (depending on specific production date/market)
Fuel Type:
Unleaded gasoline
Coolant Capacity:
Approx. 8.5 Liters (8.9 US Quarts)
Oil Capacity:
Approx. 5.0 Liters (5.3 US Quarts) with filter change
Oil Specification:
SAE 20W-50 or 15W-40 (check manual for precise year/climate recommendations)
Type:
4-speed manual transmission (Getrag 260/5)
Type:
3-speed ZF 4HP22 automatic transmission
Clutch:
Hydraulically actuated single dry plate clutch
Automatic Features:
Torque converter lock-up in higher gears
Manual Transmission Fluid:
SAE 75W-90 or 75W-80 GL-4 gear oil
Automatic Transmission Fluid:
Dexron II or equivalent
Crash Test Data:
Limited data available for this era, but known for robust construction.
ABS:
Optional anti-lock braking system (ABS) available on some models.
Seatbelts:
Three-point inertia-reel seatbelts
Structure:
Reinforced passenger cell, crumple zones
Steering Column:
Energy-absorbing steering column
Oil Change:
Typically every 10,000-15,000 km (6,000-10,000 miles) or annually, whichever comes first. Consult manual for precise intervals.
Spark Plugs:
Every 30,000-40,000 km (20,000-25,000 miles). Check specific plug type and gap.
Brake Fluid:
Every 2 years or 30,000 km (20,000 miles).
Coolant Flush:
Every 2-3 years.
Power Steering Fluid:
ATF Dexron II or BMW-approved equivalent.
Brake Fluid Type:
DOT 3 or DOT 4
Common Problems Engine:
Oil leaks (valve cover gasket, oil pan gasket), coolant leaks (hose failures, water pump seal), ignition component degradation.
Common Problems Suspension:
Worn control arm bushings, ball joints, strut mounts leading to sloppy handling and noise.
Common Problems Electrical:
Degrading wiring insulation, faulty fuel pump relays, alternator issues, instrument cluster problems.
Common Problems Body:
Rust in common areas such as wheel arches, rocker panels, and battery tray.
Legacy:
BMW's long-standing reputation for engineering, performance, and luxury.
E28 Generation:
The E28 was the second generation of the BMW 5 Series, succeeding the E12 and preceding the E34. It represented a significant evolution in BMW's design and engineering philosophy.
Key Updates E28:
Improved aerodynamics, more sophisticated engine options, advanced suspension, and interior refinement compared to the E12.
Production Years:
1981-1988
Manufacturing Locations:
Germany (Dingolfing), South Africa, Mexico
