Market Segment:
Luxury executive car, innovation leader
Competitors:
Citroën DS competed with other premium European sedans of its era, such as Mercedes-Benz W111, Jaguar Mk 2, and Rover P5, but distinguished itself with radical styling and advanced technology.
Aerodynamics:
Distinctive, aerodynamic 'streamlined' body design.
Suspension:
Groundbreaking hydropneumatic self-leveling suspension providing unparalleled ride comfort and handling.
Power Steering:
Power steering as standard, a rarity for its time.
Interior Design:
Innovative interior layout with a single-spoke steering wheel and futuristic dashboard.
Lighting:
Directional headlights on some models, improving nighttime visibility.
Engine:
Comprehensive coverage of engine systems, including maintenance, diagnosis, and repair.
Transmission:
Detailed procedures for maintenance, repair, and overhaul of the transmission system.
Hydropneumatic Suspension:
In-depth coverage of the iconic hydropneumatic suspension system, including bleeding, component replacement, and pressure adjustments.
Brakes:
Complete brake system service, including disc and drum brake maintenance, hydraulic system diagnosis, and fluid replacement.
Electrical System:
Extensive wiring schematics, diagnostic procedures, and repair instructions for all electrical components.
Bodywork:
Information on body panel alignment, repair, and corrosion prevention.
Cooling System:
Maintenance and repair procedures for the cooling system.
Fuel System:
Diagnosis and repair of the fuel system, including carburetor maintenance.
Steering System:
Service and repair of the power steering system.
Heating And Ventilation:
Maintenance and repair of climate control systems.
Maintenance:
Step-by-step guides for routine maintenance tasks.
Troubleshooting:
Diagnostic procedures and solutions for common and uncommon problems.
Repair:
Detailed instructions for component replacement and repair.
Rebuilds:
Comprehensive rebuild procedures for major components like engines and transmissions.
Adjustments:
Specific procedures for adjusting various vehicle systems.
Depth:
Factory-level detail, suitable for professional technicians and experienced DIY enthusiasts.
File Format Details:
PDF, fully printable, zoomable images.
Print Quality:
High quality, allowing for clear reproduction of diagrams and text.
Binding Type:
Digital (Print on demand as needed)
Paper Type:
Not Applicable (Digital PDF, printable on user's chosen paper type)
Engine Type:
Inline 4-cylinder, OHV
Engine Displacement Ds19:
1911 cc (1.9 Liters)
Engine Power Ds19:
Approx. 75-80 hp (SAE Gross) depending on year and specific variant
Engine Torque Ds19:
Approx. 100-108 lb-ft (SAE Gross) depending on year and specific variant
Top Speed Ds19:
Approx. 150 km/h (93 mph)
Fuel Delivery:
Carburetor (e.g., Solex)
Fuel Type:
Unleaded gasoline (later models may accommodate lead-free with appropriate settings or modifications)
Transmission Type:
4-speed manual
Transmission Type Optional:
3-speed semi-automatic (DS Speed/Borg Warner DG10)
Clutch Type:
Single dry plate (manual transmission)
Transmission Fluid:
Refer to manual for specific type and capacity (typically a specialized hydraulic fluid for the hydropneumatic system and gearbox oil for manual/semi-automatic).
Length:
Approx. 4,780 mm (188.2 in)
Width:
Approx. 1,750 mm (68.9 in)
Height:
Approx. 1,470 mm (57.9 in) (variable due to suspension)
Wheelbase:
Approx. 3,125 mm (123.0 in)
Curb Weight:
Approx. 1,160-1,300 kg (2,557-2,866 lb) depending on configuration
Safety Features Era:
For its time, the DS incorporated advanced safety features, including a deformable dashboard, impact-absorbing steering column, and advanced disc brakes.
Braking System:
Hydraulic disc brakes on front, often drum brakes on rear, with excellent stopping power for the era.
Body Structure:
Unitary body construction with integrated safety cage elements.
Infotainment Features:
Basic radio reception (optional), minimal in-car entertainment focus.
Driver Assistance Systems:
Advanced for its time: power steering, self-leveling suspension contributing to a stable ride.
Connectivity Features:
None in the modern sense; basic electrical system for lighting and ignition.
Oil Change Interval:
Refer to manual; typically around 5,000-7,500 km (3,000-5,000 miles) for engine oil.
Hydropneumatic Fluid Check:
Regular checks of hydropneumatic fluid levels and pressure are crucial, with specific interval recommendations in the manual.
Engine Oil Type:
Refer to manual; typically SAE 20W-50 or similar viscosity for its era.
Coolant Type:
Ethylene glycol-based coolant with anti-corrosion additives.
Brake Fluid Type:
DOT 3 or DOT 4 brake fluid.
Hydropneumatic Fluid:
LHM (Liquide Hydraulique Minéral) or equivalent.
Hydropneumatic Leaks:
Common issue can be leaks from seals, pipes, or spheres due to age and material degradation.
Rust Corrosion:
As with many vehicles of this era, rust can be a significant issue, particularly in chassis and bodywork areas.
Electrical Gremlins:
Aging wiring harnesses and connectors can lead to intermittent electrical issues.
Gearbox Wear:
The semi-automatic gearbox can be prone to wear in control units or clutches if not properly maintained.
Brand Origin:
Citroën is a French automotive manufacturer founded in 1919 by André-Gustave Citroën.
Development Goal:
The DS was designed to showcase Citroën's innovative spirit, aiming for superior comfort, handling, and aerodynamic efficiency.
Key Variants:
DS 19, DS 20, DS 21, DS 23, ID 19, ID 20
Production Period:
1955–1975
Manufacturing Locations:
France, UK, Belgium, Portugal, Yugoslavia, Argentina, Australia, South Africa.