Engine:
Detailed engine overhaul, diagnosis, fuel system, ignition system, cooling system, lubrication system, exhaust system, emission control systems.
Transmission:
Manual and Automatic transmission repair, overhaul, diagnosis, fluid specifications, clutch operation, drivetrain components (propshaft, differentials, axles).
Brakes:
Hydraulic brake system repair, ABS diagnosis and repair, brake fluid specifications, pad/rotor replacement, caliper servicing, parking brake.
Suspension Steering:
Front and rear suspension component diagnosis and replacement, shock absorbers, springs, bushings, steering system (rack and pinion, power steering), wheel alignment.
Electrical Electronics:
Wiring diagrams, charging system, starting system, lighting system, instrument panel, power windows, locks, mirrors, audio system, HVAC controls, basic diagnostic procedures.
Body Chassis:
Body panel repair, door mechanisms, glass replacement, interior trim, underbody protection, chassis lubrication, frame components.
Heating Ventilation Air Conditioning:
HVAC system diagnosis, refrigerant handling, compressor, condenser, evaporator, blower motor, climate control module.
Maintenance:
Scheduled maintenance intervals, fluid changes, filter replacements, belt inspection/replacement, spark plug replacement, tire rotation.
Troubleshooting:
Diagnostic flowcharts, symptom-based troubleshooting guides for various systems (engine performance, electrical issues, braking problems).
Repair Overhaul:
Step-by-step procedures for component removal, disassembly, inspection, repair, reassembly, and installation of major vehicle systems.
Diagnostics:
Identification of diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs), use of diagnostic scan tools, electrical testing procedures (multimeter usage), fuel pressure testing.
Cooling System Repair:
Radiator removal/installation, water pump replacement, thermostat service, hose replacement, coolant flush procedures.
Fuel System Diagnosis:
Fuel pump testing, fuel pressure regulator diagnosis, injector cleaning/replacement, fuel filter replacement.
Electrical Diagnostics:
Starter motor testing, alternator testing, battery service, fuse and relay identification and testing, basic wiring harness troubleshooting.
Tire Wheel Specifications:
Tire size recommendations, recommended inflation pressures, wheel bolt pattern, torque specifications for lug nuts.
Chassis Lubrication:
Grease points identification and lubrication schedule for suspension and steering components.
Interior Component Removal:
Dash panel removal, center console disassembly, seat removal, door panel replacement.
Exterior Component Replacement:
Bumper cover replacement, fender removal, headlight/taillight assembly replacement, door mirror replacement.
Depth Level:
Comprehensive (covers routine maintenance to complete engine and transmission rebuilds).
Diagnostic Tools:
Guidance on using common hand tools, specialized diagnostic equipment (e.g., multimeters, fuel pressure testers), and potentially OBD-II scan tools (for later models).
Diagrams Illustrations:
Extensive use of exploded view diagrams, wiring schematics, and torque specification callouts.
Engine Type:
Inline 4-cylinder gasoline and diesel engines were common.
Displacement Common:
Ranges typically from 2.0L to 2.3L for gasoline, and 2.0L to 2.9L for diesel variants depending on generation and market.
Horsepower Range:
Approx. 120 hp to 170 hp depending on engine and tuning.
Torque Range:
Approx. 180 Nm to 340 Nm depending on engine type (gasoline vs. diesel).
Fuel Delivery:
Multi-point Fuel Injection (MPI) for gasoline, Common Rail Direct Injection (CRDI) for diesel.
Ignition System:
Electronic ignition, Distributorless Ignition System (DIS).
Common Gasoline Engine Codes:
Examples include G23S or similar variants (specific codes vary greatly by year/market).
Common Diesel Engine Codes:
Examples include R25, R25DT, or XDI20 (specific codes vary greatly by year/market).
Oil Change Interval:
Typically 7,500 - 10,000 miles (12,000 - 16,000 km) or 6-12 months, whichever comes first (refer to specific manual).
Air Filter Replacement:
Every 15,000 - 30,000 miles (24,000 - 48,000 km).
Spark Plug Replacement:
Every 60,000 - 100,000 miles (96,000 - 160,000 km) depending on plug type (standard vs. iridium).
Engine Oil Type:
API SG/SH/SJ or higher. Viscosity typically SAE 5W-30 or 10W-40 (refer to manual for precise recommendation).
Coolant Type:
Ethylene glycol-based antifreeze coolant. Specific color/type (e.g., green, orange) may vary.
Brake Fluid Type:
DOT 3 or DOT 4 brake fluid.
Transmission Fluid Type Manual:
API GL-4 or GL-5 gear oil, viscosity typically 75W-90 or 80W-90.
Transmission Fluid Type Automatic:
Dexron III or equivalent ATF (Automatic Transmission Fluid).
Differential Fluid Type:
API GL-5 gear oil, viscosity typically 75W-90 or 80W-90.
Common Problems:
Minor electrical gremlins, potential for exhaust manifold cracks on some diesel variants, wear on suspension bushings, automatic transmission shift quality issues on older models.
Wear Items:
Brake pads and rotors, clutch components (if manual), tires, exhaust system components.
