Market Segment:
Performance motorcycle, established European brand, known for V-twin engines and distinctive styling.
Competitors 1970S:
Moto Guzzi V7 Sport, BMW R90/6, various Japanese inline-fours from Honda, Yamaha, and Kawasaki.
Desmodromic Valve Actuation:
A hallmark of Ducati, ensuring precise valve timing at high RPMs.
Air Cooled V Twin Engine:
Compact and powerful, providing a unique character and sound.
Styling:
Designed by Italdesign (Giorgetto Giugiaro), featuring a distinctive tank and seat line.
Performance Orientation:
Designed for spirited riding and touring, offering a good blend of power and handling for its era.
Systems Covered:
Engine mechanical, fuel system, ignition system, transmission, clutch, brakes, suspension, chassis, electrical system, bodywork, troubleshooting, periodic maintenance.
Page Count:
Estimated 200-300 pages (typical for manuals of this era and scope)
Manual Type:
Repair and Service Manual
Format:
Print (likely a reproduction of original factory documentation)
Engine Systems:
Top end (cylinder heads, valves, desmodromic actuation), bottom end (crankshaft, connecting rods, pistons, bearings), lubrication system, cooling system (air-cooled), fuel delivery (carburetors).
Transmission Clutch Systems:
Gearbox internal components, shift mechanism, primary drive, wet multi-plate clutch operation and adjustment.
Brakes Suspension Chassis:
Drum brake maintenance and adjustment (front and rear), telescopic front fork service, rear shock absorber replacement and adjustment, frame inspection and repair, wheel and tire information.
Electrical Systems:
Wiring diagrams, ignition system (points, coils, spark plugs), lighting system, charging system (alternator, battery), starter motor.
Maintenance Procedures:
Oil change, filter replacement, chain adjustment, spark plug replacement, brake adjustment, carburetor synchronization and tuning, valve clearance adjustment (Desmodromic system specific).
Repair Procedures:
Engine overhaul, transmission rebuild, clutch replacement, fork seal replacement, electrical component testing and replacement, exhaust system maintenance.
Troubleshooting:
Diagnosing common starting issues, running problems, electrical faults, and performance degradation specific to the 860 GTS.
Depth Of Coverage:
Comprehensive, covering from basic maintenance to full engine and transmission rebuilds. Includes detailed specifications and torque values.
File Format:
Likely a scanned or OCR'd PDF, potentially with editable text if well-produced.
Print Quality:
Variable, depending on the source reproduction. Original factory manuals often had high-quality diagrams.
Binding Type:
If printed, likely spiral-bound or saddle-stitched for ease of use in a workshop environment.
Paper Type:
If printed, typically on durable paper stock suitable for workshop conditions.
Engine Type:
Air-cooled, four-stroke, 90-degree V-twin
Displacement:
860 cc (860 cubic centimeters)
Bore X Stroke:
Approximately 86 mm x 75 mm (typical for this engine family)
Compression Ratio:
Typically around 8.5:1 to 9.0:1
Valve Train:
Desmodromic, 2 valves per cylinder, overhead camshaft (driven by bevel gears)
Horsepower:
Approximately 60-65 HP at 6,500-7,000 RPM (estimated, variations existed)
Torque:
Approximately 70-75 Nm (51-55 lb-ft) at 5,000 RPM (estimated)
Carburetors:
Dual Dell'Orto PHF 36 (or similar size) diaphragm-type carburetors
Fuel Type:
Unleaded gasoline (octane rating as per manufacturer recommendation, typically 91+ RON)
Oil Capacity:
Approximately 2.5 - 3.0 liters (with filter change)
Oil Type:
SAE 20W-50 or 10W-40 motorcycle specific oil, API SG or higher (check manual for exact spec)
Ignition System:
Contact breaker points (dual system), twin ignition coils
Transmission Type:
5-speed constant mesh gearbox
Optional Gearbox:
N/A (standard configuration)
Clutch Type:
Wet, multi-plate
Primary Drive:
Straight-cut gears, chain drive to gearbox input shaft
Gear Ratios:
Specific ratios detailed in manual, designed for sporty performance.
Transmission Oil Capacity:
Approximately 1.0 - 1.2 liters
Transmission Oil Type:
SAE 80W/90 hypoid gear oil or motorcycle transmission oil (check manual)
Wheelbase:
Approximately 1450 mm (57.1 inches)
Length:
Approximately 2150 mm (84.6 inches)
Width:
Approximately 780 mm (30.7 inches) at handlebars
Dry Weight:
Approximately 200-210 kg (441-463 lbs)
Fuel Tank Capacity:
Approximately 16-18 liters (4.2-4.7 US gallons)
Front Wheel Size:
19 inch
Front Tire Size:
3.50-19 or 100/90-19 (typical)
Rear Tire Size:
4.00-18 or 110/90-18 (typical)
Wheel Bolt Pattern:
N/A (spoked wheels with hubs)
Crash Test Ratings:
N/A (motorcycles of this era were not subject to formal crash testing as cars are).
Braking System:
Front: Hydraulic drum brake, Rear: Hydraulic drum brake (typically Grimeca or Fontana).
Lighting:
Headlight, taillight, brake light, turn signals.
Frame Construction:
Steel tube frame providing structural integrity.
Oil Change Interval:
Every 3,000 - 5,000 km (1,800 - 3,000 miles) or annually, whichever comes first.
Valve Adjustment Interval:
Every 6,000 - 10,000 km (3,700 - 6,200 miles), due to the complexity of Desmodromic systems.
Chain Maintenance:
Lubricate and adjust chain tension every 500-1000 km (300-600 miles).
Engine Oil Spec:
Refer to manual for exact API rating and viscosity, typically 20W-50.
Brake Fluid Spec:
DOT 3 or DOT 4 hydraulic brake fluid.
Transmission Oil Spec:
SAE 80W/90 hypoid gear oil.
Desmodromic Adjustment:
Can be complex and requires specialized knowledge; incorrect adjustment leads to poor performance or engine damage.
Electrical Reliability:
Wiring harnesses and connectors can degrade over time, leading to intermittent electrical issues.
Carburetor Tuning:
Dell'Orto carburetors require periodic cleaning, synchronization, and jetting adjustments for optimal performance.
Drum Brake Performance:
Drum brakes are less powerful than modern disc brakes and require diligent maintenance and adjustment for effective stopping.
Engine Oil Leaks:
Older Ducatis can be prone to oil leaks from various seals and gaskets, requiring regular inspection and maintenance.
Ducati Legacy:
Ducati is an Italian manufacturer with a rich history in motorcycle racing and performance road bikes, renowned for its desmodromic valve system and V-twin engines.
Predecessor Models:
Evolved from earlier 750cc models, with shared engineering principles.
Successor Models:
Led to models like the 900GTS and ultimately influenced the development of the iconic Ducati 916 and subsequent models.
Manufacturing Location:
Bologna, Italy
Production Period:
Mid-to-late 1970s, with the 860 GTS being a refinement of the 860 model.
