Positioning:
The Harley-Davidson Sportster line, including the XLH models, historically served as the entry-level performance cruiser in the Harley-Davidson lineup, offering a more agile and sporty riding experience compared to larger touring or Softail models. This era of Sportster is known for its iconic styling and a dedicated enthusiast following.
Competition:
Competed against Japanese cruisers from manufacturers like Honda (Shadow series), Yamaha (Virago/V-Star series), Kawasaki (Vulcan series), and Suzuki (Intruder/Boulevard series), as well as American brands like Indian (though less prevalent in this specific segment at the time).
Features:
Harley-Davidson V-twin Evolution engine, distinctive Sportster chassis, iconic styling, reliable belt drive (on many models), and a vast aftermarket support ecosystem.
Engine:
V-Twin Evolution engine (all variants for XLH 1998), including top end, bottom end, cooling, lubrication.
Fuel System:
Carburetor (Keihin CV type), fuel lines, fuel pump, fuel tank, petcock.
Electric Starter:
Starter motor, solenoid, drive mechanism, battery connections.
Drive Transmission:
Primary drive, clutch, transmission case, gear selection, final belt drive.
Electrical:
Ignition system, lighting (headlight, taillight, signals), charging system (stator, regulator/rectifier), wiring harnesses, switches, battery, fuse box.
Chassis:
Frame, front suspension (forks), rear suspension (shocks), steering head bearings, wheels, brakes (front and rear), brake fluid.
Maintenance:
Oil changes, filter replacements, spark plug service, chain/belt adjustment, brake pad replacement, fluid checks.
Repair:
Engine overhaul, transmission rebuild, carburetor tuning, electrical component diagnosis and replacement, suspension service, brake system repair.
Troubleshooting:
Diagnostic procedures for common starting, running, and electrical issues.
Depth:
Comprehensive, covering routine maintenance, component-level repair, and complete system overhauls. Includes diagnostic charts and specifications.
Engine Type:
Air-cooled, 45-degree V-twin Evolution engine
Displacement:
Typically 883cc or 1200cc for XLH models in this era. Specific variant depends on the exact XLH sub-model (e.g., XLH883, XLH1200).
Bore X Stroke:
883cc: 3.00 in x 3.81 in (76.2 mm x 96.8 mm); 1200cc: 3.50 in x 3.81 in (88.9 mm x 96.8 mm)
Compression Ratio:
Approx. 8.8:1 for 883cc, Approx. 9.0:1 for 1200cc (can vary slightly)
Valvetrain:
OHV (Overhead Valve), 2 valves per cylinder, pushrod actuated.
Carburetion:
Keihin CV (Constant Velocity) 40mm carburetor
Horsepower:
Approx. 50-60 HP for 883cc, Approx. 65-75 HP for 1200cc (at the crankshaft, estimated)
Torque:
Approx. 50-60 ft-lbs for 883cc, Approx. 70-80 ft-lbs for 1200cc (at the crankshaft, estimated)
Fuel Type:
Unleaded gasoline, 87 octane minimum
Fuel Tank Capacity:
Typically 3.1 gallons (11.7 liters) for standard tank, with some models having larger options.
Type:
5-speed manual constant mesh
Primary Drive:
Duplex chain, 34/48 tooth (1.41:1 ratio)
Final Drive:
Belt drive, 32/61 tooth (1.906:1 ratio)
Clutch Type:
Wet, multi-plate
Transmission Oil Type:
Harley-Davidson Formula+ Transmission and Primary Chaincase Lubricant or equivalent API GL-4, SAE 85W-140 (Check manual for specific part numbers like 62600-0056)
Overall Length:
Varies by specific model variant, but typically around 87-90 inches (2210-2286 mm).
Wheelbase:
Typically around 59.8 inches (1520 mm).
Dry Weight:
Approx. 460-500 lbs (209-227 kg), depending on engine size and model.
Gvwr:
Varies, check specific model documentation. Typically around 900-950 lbs.
Safety Standards:
Meets applicable federal motorcycle safety standards for the year of manufacture.
Brakes:
Hydraulic disc brakes front and rear. Dual piston caliper front, single piston caliper rear.
Tires:
Typically front: 100/90-19, rear: 130/90-16. Specific sizes and types can vary by model and trim.
Lighting:
Halogen headlight, taillight, brake light, front and rear turn signals.
Oil Change:
Every 2,500 - 5,000 miles (4,000 - 8,000 km) or annually, whichever comes first. Check manual for specific recommendation based on oil type and riding conditions.
Primary Chain Tension:
Check and adjust as needed, typically every 5,000 miles (8,000 km).
Belt Tension:
Check and adjust as needed, typically every 5,000 miles (8,000 km).
Spark Plugs:
Inspect every 5,000 miles (8,000 km), replace as needed. Specific plug types like NGK DPR6EA-9 are common.
Brake Fluid Flush:
Every 1-2 years, or as per manual. Typically DOT 4 or DOT 5.1 brake fluid, depending on model and caliper types (check manual carefully as mixing DOT fluids can be detrimental).
Engine Oil Type:
Harley-Davidson motorcycle oil or equivalent SAE 20W-50 (check manual for specific recommendations, e.g., 62600-0124).
Engine Oil Capacity:
Approx. 2.5 - 3.0 quarts (2.4 - 2.8 liters) for 883cc, Approx. 3.0 - 3.5 quarts (2.8 - 3.3 liters) for 1200cc (with filter change). Check manual.
Primary Chain Case Oil:
Harley-Davidson Formula+ Transmission and Primary Chaincase Lubricant or equivalent SAE 85W-140 API GL-4.
Primary Chain Case Oil Capacity:
Approx. 1 quart (0.95 liters).
Fork Oil:
Viscosity and quantity varies by fork type. Common oils are SAE 10W or 15W. Consult manual for exact type and capacity.
Common Problems:
Potential for oil leaks (especially around the rocker boxes and base gasket), carburation tuning quirks, wear on the belt drive components, and electrical connector corrosion over time. Primary chain tension adjustment is critical.
Heritage:
Harley-Davidson, founded in 1903, is one of the oldest motorcycle manufacturers globally. The Sportster model line, introduced in 1957, is the longest-running motorcycle nameplate in continuous production.
Evolution Notes:
The Sportster evolved significantly over its history. The 1998 models feature the Evolution engine, which replaced the Ironhead engine. This generation saw improvements in handling, braking, and powertrain reliability compared to earlier models. The XLH designation specifically refers to the models powered by the Evolution engine.
Manufacturing Location:
Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA
