Market Position:
        
        
            The Kia Rondo (also known as the Kia Carens in many markets) is a compact multi-purpose vehicle (MPV) designed to offer practicality, seating versatility, and value. It competes in a segment that includes vehicles like the Mazda5, Ford C-Max, and Chevrolet Orlando.
        
     
    
    
        
            Competitive Analysis:
        
        
            The Rondo differentiates itself with a more car-like driving experience than some larger minivans, offering a balance of utility and maneuverability. Its affordability and Kia's improving reputation for quality and warranty coverage have been key selling points.
        
     
    
    
        
            Key Features:
        
        
            Available in 5 or 7-seat configurations, practical interior space, comfortable ride, fuel-efficient powertrain options, accessible pricing.
        
     
 
    
    
    
        
            Primary Coverage:
        
        
            Mechanical, Electrical, Body, Maintenance, Diagnostics, Troubleshooting, Repair
        
     
    
        
            Secondary Coverage:
        
        
            Specifications, Component Location, Wiring Diagrams, Special Tools
        
     
    
    
        
            Estimated Page Count:
        
        
            2000-3000+ (typical for comprehensive factory service manuals)
        
     
    
    
        
            Manual Type:
        
        
            Factory Service Manual / Repair Manual
        
     
    
    
    
    
 
    
    
    
        
            Engine:
        
        
            Engine mechanical, lubrication, cooling, fuel injection, ignition, exhaust, emission controls
        
     
    
        
            Transmission:
        
        
            Automatic transmission (A6GF1), clutch, torque converter, shift control, transmission control module (TCM)
        
     
    
        
            Drivetrain:
        
        
            Front-wheel drive (FWD), axles, differential
        
     
    
        
            Suspension:
        
        
            Front struts, rear shock absorbers, control arms, stabilizer bars, wheel bearings
        
     
    
        
            Brakes:
        
        
            Front and rear disc brakes, ABS, EBD, brake hydraulics, parking brake
        
     
    
        
            Steering:
        
        
            Electric Power Steering (EPS), steering column, tie rods
        
     
    
        
            Electrical:
        
        
            Battery, charging system, starting system, lighting, horns, power windows, power locks, wipers, mirrors
        
     
    
        
            Body:
        
        
            Exterior panels, doors, hood, tailgate, interior trim, seats, glass
        
     
    
        
            HVAC:
        
        
            Air conditioning, heating, ventilation, blower motor, climate control unit
        
     
    
        
            Safety:
        
        
            Airbags, seat belts, SRS system
        
     
    
        
            Diagnostics:
        
        
            OBD-II diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs), scan tool procedures, diagnostic flowcharts
        
     
    
    
        
            Maintenance:
        
        
            Oil changes, filter replacements, fluid checks and replacements, spark plug replacement, belt inspection and replacement, brake service
        
     
    
        
            Repair:
        
        
            Engine component removal and installation, transmission overhaul, suspension component replacement, brake caliper replacement, starter motor replacement, alternator replacement, door panel removal, tailgate hinge adjustment
        
     
    
        
            Troubleshooting:
        
        
            Symptom-based diagnosis, electrical circuit testing, common drivability issues
        
     
    
        
            Installation:
        
        
            Component installation (e.g., sensors, modules), accessory installation (e.g., trailer hitch, but typically limited to factory-fit)
        
     
    
        
            Specifications:
        
        
            Torque specifications for all fasteners, fluid capacities, diagnostic parameters, alignment specifications
        
     
    
    
        
            Depth:
        
        
            Comprehensive: Covers everything from basic fluid checks and tire rotation to complete engine and transmission disassembly/reassembly, advanced electrical diagnostics, and bodywork repair.
        
     
 
    
    
    
        
            Engine Type:
        
        
            2.0L GDI DOHC 16-Valve Inline-4 (often referred to as Nu engine family)
        
     
    
        
            Engine Code:
        
        
            G4NJ (typical for 2.0L GDI)
        
     
    
    
        
            Horsepower:
        
        
            Approximately 164 hp @ 6500 rpm (may vary slightly by market)
        
     
    
        
            Torque:
        
        
            Approximately 156 lb-ft @ 4700 rpm (may vary slightly by market)
        
     
    
    
        
            Fuel System:
        
        
            Gasoline Direct Injection (GDI), Multi-point Fuel Injection (MPI also used in some markets)
        
     
    
        
            Fuel Type:
        
        
            Unleaded gasoline, 87 octane or higher recommended
        
     
    
    
        
            Engine Features:
        
        
            Variable Induction System (VIS), Dual Continuously Variable Valve Timing (CVVT)
        
     
 
    
    
    
        
            Transmission Type:
        
        
            6-speed Automatic (A6GF1)
        
     
    
    
        
            Optional Transmission:
        
        
            N/A for 2016 model year in most markets (standard was the 6-speed auto)
        
     
    
    
        
            Transmission Features:
        
        
            Electronically controlled, torque converter lock-up clutch, manual mode (Sportmatic shifter)
        
     
    
    
        
            Transmission Fluid Type:
        
        
            Kia Genuine ATF SP-IV (or equivalent approved fluid)
        
     
    
    
        
            Transmission Fluid Capacity:
        
        
            Approximately 7.0 - 7.5 liters (dry fill). Consult manual for service fill.
        
     
 
    
    
    
        
            Length:
        
        
            4,505 mm (177.4 in)
        
     
    
        
            Width:
        
        
            1,805 mm (71.1 in)
        
     
    
        
            Height:
        
        
            1,610 mm (63.4 in)
        
     
    
        
            Wheelbase:
        
        
            2,750 mm (108.3 in)
        
     
    
    
        
            Seating Capacity:
        
        
            5 or 7 passengers
        
     
    
    
        
            Cargo Volume Behind 3Rd Row:
        
        
            Approx. 110 liters (4.0 cu ft) (7-seat)
        
     
    
        
            Cargo Volume Behind 2Nd Row:
        
        
            Approx. 491 liters (17.3 cu ft) (7-seat, 3rd row folded)
        
     
    
        
            Cargo Volume Behind 1St Row:
        
        
            Approx. 1,070 liters (37.8 cu ft) (7-seat, 2nd and 3rd rows folded)
        
     
    
    
        
            Curb Weight:
        
        
            Approx. 1,500 - 1,600 kg (3,300 - 3,530 lbs) depending on configuration
        
     
    
        
            Gross Vehicle Weight Rating:
        
        
            Consult vehicle placard for exact GVWR
        
     
    
    
        
            Wheel Size:
        
        
            Typically 16-inch or 17-inch alloy wheels
        
     
    
        
            Tire Size:
        
        
            e.g., 215/60R17 or 205/55R16 (check vehicle sticker for exact size)
        
     
    
        
            Bolt Pattern:
        
        
            5 x 114.3 mm (5 x 4.5 inches)
        
     
    
        
            Offset:
        
        
            Typically around ET40-45 (consult manual)
        
     
 
    
    
    
        
            NHTSA Rating:
        
        
            NHTSA ratings vary by year and specific test. Generally aimed for good performance in frontal and side impacts. Specific 2016 ratings should be verified.
        
     
    
        
            IIHS Rating:
        
        
            IIHS ratings vary by year and specific test. Often performed well in moderate overlap front and side crash tests. Specific 2016 ratings should be verified.
        
     
    
    
        
            Active Safety:
        
        
            Anti-lock Braking System (ABS), Electronic Brake-force Distribution (EBD), Brake Assist System (BAS), Electronic Stability Control (ESC), Traction Control System (TCS), Hill-start Assist Control (HAC)
        
     
    
    
        
            Passive Safety:
        
        
            Front airbags (driver and passenger), front side-impact airbags, side-curtain airbags (for first and second rows), active front headrests, three-point seatbelts with pretensioners and load limiters, LATCH child seat anchors
        
     
 
    
    
    
        
            Infotainment System:
        
        
            Available UVO infotainment system with touchscreen display, AM/FM/SiriusXM radio, CD/MP3 player, USB/Auxiliary inputs. Navigation system often optional.
        
     
    
        
            Connectivity:
        
        
            Bluetooth hands-free phone and audio streaming, smartphone integration (e.g., Siri Eyes Free), available rearview camera.
        
     
    
    
        
            Driver Assistance Features:
        
        
            Available features may include: Parking assist sensors (rear), cruise control. Advanced driver-assistance systems (ADAS) like adaptive cruise control or lane keeping assist were generally not common on this generation Rondo.
        
     
    
    
        
            Comfort Features:
        
        
            Dual-zone automatic climate control, heated front seats, power-adjustable driver's seat, panoramic sunroof (optional).
        
     
 
    
    
    
        
            Oil Change Interval:
        
        
            Every 7,500 miles (12,000 km) or 6 months, whichever comes first (using synthetic oil). Severe driving conditions may require more frequent changes.
        
     
    
        
            Air Filter Replacement:
        
        
            Every 22,500 miles (36,000 km) or 24 months. Inspect every 7,500 miles.
        
     
    
        
            Cabin Air Filter Replacement:
        
        
            Every 15,000 miles (24,000 km) or 12 months. Inspect every 7,500 miles.
        
     
    
        
            Spark Plug Replacement:
        
        
            Approximately 105,000 miles (168,000 km) for iridium-tipped spark plugs.
        
     
    
        
            Transmission Fluid Change:
        
        
            Refer to manual; often listed as 'inspect' at intervals but replacement recommended around 60,000-100,000 miles, especially for severe use. Manual specifies replacement if fluid is degraded.
        
     
    
    
        
            Engine Oil Specification:
        
        
            SAE 0W-20, API SN or ILSAC GF-5 certified synthetic oil
        
     
    
        
            Engine Oil Capacity:
        
        
            4.4 liters (4.7 US quarts) with filter change
        
     
    
        
            Coolant Specification:
        
        
            Ethylene glycol-based coolant, 50/50 mixture with deionized water (e.g., Kia Long Life Coolant)
        
     
    
        
            Brake Fluid Specification:
        
        
            FMVSS No. 116 DOT 3 or DOT 4
        
     
    
    
        
            Common Issues:
        
        
            Occasional reports of minor electrical gremlins, HVAC system issues (e.g., blower motor), and potential for brake pad wear due to vehicle weight and usage. Engine oil consumption can be a concern if not monitored, especially in high-mileage vehicles.
        
     
    
        
            Recall Information:
        
        
            Specific recalls for the 2016 Rondo may exist. Owners should check NHTSA or Kia's official recall database for any open recalls pertaining to their VIN.
        
     
 
    
    
    
        
            Brand Heritage:
        
        
            Kia, established in 1944, has evolved from a manufacturer of bicycle parts and motorcycles to one of South Korea's leading automotive brands. Known for its value-oriented vehicles and increasingly sophisticated designs and technology.
        
     
    
    
        
            Model Evolution:
        
        
            The Rondo (or Carens) is Kia's compact MPV. The first generation debuted in 1999. The third generation (RP), which includes the 2016 model, was introduced in 2012/2013 for the 2013 model year, representing a significant redesign with a more modern aesthetic and improved packaging. The 2016 model year typically received minor updates or feature packaging adjustments.
        
     
    
    
        
            Production Location:
        
        
            Primary production for the global market often occurs at Kia's Hwasung Plant in South Korea.
        
     
    
        
            Production Years:
        
        
            Third generation: 2012 (for 2013 MY) - 2019. 2016 falls within this generation.