Engine Mechanical:
Engine overhaul, cylinder head, block, pistons, crankshaft, camshafts, timing system, lubrication system, cooling system
Engine Management:
Fuel injection, ignition system, emission control, sensors, actuators, diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs)
Transmission Manual:
Clutch, gearbox overhaul, removal and installation, gear shifting mechanisms
Transmission Automatic:
Automatic transmission overhaul, removal and installation, hydraulic control, torque converter
Drivetrain:
Front-wheel drive, drive shafts, CV joints, hubs, wheel bearings
Suspension:
Front suspension (MacPherson struts), rear suspension (torsion beam/multi-link), shock absorbers, springs, control arms, anti-roll bars
Steering:
Steering rack, power steering system, steering column, wheel alignment
Brakes:
Front and rear brake systems (disc/drum), hydraulic system, ABS (Anti-lock Braking System), brake fluid, master cylinder, calipers, pads, rotors
Electrical System:
Battery, charging system (alternator), starting system (starter motor), lighting, fuses, relays, wiring diagrams, body control module (BCM)
Climate Control:
Heating, ventilation, air conditioning (HVAC) system, refrigerant, components
Body And Chassis:
Body construction, exterior panels, doors, hood, trunk, interior trim, rust prevention
Restraints:
Airbag system, seatbelts, SRS (Supplemental Restraint System)
Accessories:
Power windows, power mirrors, central locking, audio systems, wipers, horns
Maintenance:
Scheduled maintenance, oil changes, filter replacements, fluid checks and top-ups
Diagnostics:
Troubleshooting guides, symptom-based diagnosis, fault finding procedures
Repair:
Component removal, disassembly, assembly, and installation procedures
Adjustments:
Carburetor/fuel injection adjustments, idle speed, timing, brake adjustments, clutch adjustments
Replacements:
Component replacement procedures for all major systems
Inspections:
Visual inspections, performance checks, wear limit checks
Special Tools:
Identification and usage instructions for specialized service tools
Depth:
Comprehensive, from basic maintenance to in-depth component overhaul and diagnostics
Detail Level:
Step-by-step instructions, detailed illustrations, exploded diagrams, photos
Torque Specifications:
Inclusion of essential torque values for critical fasteners
Wear Limits:
Specification of component wear limits for accurate diagnostics and repairs
Wiring Diagrams:
Inclusion of electrical wiring diagrams for troubleshooting and repair
Oil Change Interval:
Typically 10,000-15,000 miles (15,000-25,000 km) or 1 year, depending on engine and oil type
Timing Belt Replacement:
For petrol engines, typically every 60,000 miles (100,000 km) or 4-5 years. Diesel engines often use timing chains or different intervals.
Engine Oil Specification:
API SG/SH/SJ, ACEA A2/A3, SAE 5W-30, 5W-40, 10W-40 depending on engine and climate. Consult manual for exact specs.
Coolant Specification:
GM Dex-Cool (Ố.E. specified G12 or equivalent long-life coolant), typically a 50/50 mix with distilled water.
Brake Fluid Specification:
DOT 4
Transmission Fluid Manual:
API GL-4 SAE 75W-80 or 75W-90
Transmission Fluid Automatic:
GM Dexron III (or equivalent)
Common Issues Petrol:
Ignition coil failure (especially on early models), lambda sensor faults, exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) valve clogging (diesel), oil leaks from crank seals
Common Issues Chassis:
Front suspension top mounts and bearings wear, rear axle bushes, ABS sensor failure, corrosion on wheel arches and sills
