Segment:
Compact/Subcompact performance-oriented hatchback and sedan.
Competitors:
Mitsubishi Lancer, Honda Civic, Toyota Corolla, Ford Escort.
Unique Selling Proposition:
Standard Symmetrical All-Wheel Drive (AWD) across most trims, rally-bred heritage, boxer engine.
Target Audience:
Enthusiasts, drivers seeking all-weather capability, those appreciating Subaru's unique engineering.
Engine Mechanical:
Engine assembly, disassembly, rebuilding, lubrication, cooling system, fuel delivery, emissions control.
Engine Management:
Ignition system, fuel injection, ECU diagnostics, sensors, actuators.
Transmission Manual:
Disassembly, assembly, repair, adjustments for manual transmissions (e.g., 5-speed). Clutch system service.
Transmission Automatic:
Service and repair of automatic transmissions (if applicable to covered models), fluid specifications, torque converter.
Drivetrain:
All-Wheel Drive (AWD) system, differentials (front and rear), driveshafts, CV joints, propeller shaft.
Suspension:
Front and rear suspension components, struts, shocks, control arms, bushings, alignment specifications.
Brakes:
Hydraulic brake system, disc brakes (front and rear), ABS (if equipped), parking brake, brake fluid specifications.
Steering:
Power steering system, steering rack, tie rods, steering column, alignment.
Electrical System:
Battery, charging system (alternator), starter motor, wiring diagrams, lighting, fuses, relays, accessories.
HVAC:
Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning system, refrigerant, components, troubleshooting.
Body Exterior:
Body panels, doors, windows, bumpers, glass, trim, paint repair.
Body Interior:
Interior trim, seats, dashboard, upholstery, airbags.
Maintenance:
Scheduled maintenance, oil changes, filter replacements, tune-ups, inspections.
Troubleshooting:
Diagnostic procedures, symptom-based troubleshooting, fault code interpretation.
Repair Rebuild:
Step-by-step instructions for component removal, repair, installation, and rebuilding.
Diagnostics:
On-Board Diagnostics (OBD-I/OBD-II) information, scan tool usage, sensor testing.
Wiring Diagrams:
Detailed electrical system wiring diagrams for all major circuits.
Depth:
Comprehensive - from basic maintenance to full engine and transmission rebuilds, electrical diagnostics, and chassis repair.
Engine Type:
Horizontally-opposed (Boxer) SOHC 16-valve 4-cylinder
Displacement:
2.2 Liters (2212 cc)
Bore X Stroke:
96.0 mm x 75.0 mm
Horsepower Peak:
135 hp @ 5500 rpm (approx.)
Torque Peak:
140 lb-ft @ 4000 rpm (approx.)
Engine Variants:
EJ20G (turbocharged 2.0L for WRX/STI models), EJ25D (DOHC 2.5L for some later models).
Fuel Delivery:
Multi-point fuel injection (MPI)
Fuel Type:
Unleaded gasoline (87 octane or higher recommended)
Fuel Tank Capacity:
50 Liters (13.2 US Gallons)
NHTSA Front Impact Driver:
Not fully rated by NHTSA in contemporary testing; generally considered robust for its class.
IIHS Side Impact:
Not specifically rated by IIHS; often considered to have adequate protection.
ABS:
Available on higher trims and option packages (Anti-lock Braking System).
Traction Control:
Not typically standard; some performance variants might offer basic traction control.
Airbags:
Driver and passenger front airbags standard on most models from mid-generation onwards.
Seatbelts:
3-point inertia-reel seatbelts with pre-tensioners (front).
Rollover Protection:
Reinforced body structure, though roof crush resistance standards were less stringent than today.
Audio System:
Factory-installed AM/FM stereo with cassette player, optional CD player. Speaker configurations vary by trim. No advanced infotainment features like touchscreens or navigation.
Cruise Control:
Available on most trims, often as an option or standard on higher trims.
Engine Performance Modes:
No user-selectable drive modes. Performance is determined by engine and drivetrain configuration (e.g., naturally aspirated vs. turbocharged).
Bluetooth:
Not available from the factory.
Usb Ports:
Not available from the factory.
Oil Change Interval:
Every 3,000-5,000 miles (5,000-8,000 km) or 6 months, whichever comes first (depending on driving conditions).
Engine Air Filter:
Replace every 15,000-30,000 miles (24,000-48,000 km) or annually.
Spark Plugs:
Replace every 30,000-60,000 miles (48,000-96,000 km) for standard plugs, longer for iridium/platinum.
Timing Belt:
Replace every 60,000-105,000 miles (96,000-169,000 km) or 7-10 years for EJ series engines. Critically important due to interference design.
Engine Oil Type:
API SG or SH, SAE 5W-30 or 10W-30 (check owner's manual for exact recommendation based on climate).
Engine Oil Capacity:
4.5 US quarts (4.3 liters) with filter change.
Coolant Type:
Subaru Super Coolant (Blue) or equivalent ethylene glycol-based coolant with corrosion inhibitors. 50/50 mix with distilled water.
Transmission Fluid Manual:
API GL-5, SAE 75W-90 Gear Oil (front and rear differentials may use a similar or specific GL-5 oil).
Transmission Fluid Automatic:
Dexron II or III Automatic Transmission Fluid (ATF).
Brake Fluid Type:
DOT 3 or DOT 4 Hydraulic Brake Fluid.
Head Gaskets:
Common leak point on EJ series engines, especially older models. Manual provides inspection and replacement procedures.
Cv Axles:
Can wear out over time, especially if subjected to harsh conditions or aggressive driving; clicking noise on turns is indicative.
Oil Leaks:
Can occur from valve cover gaskets, oil pan gasket, or crank seals. Manual details inspection and replacement.
Automatic Transmission Issues:
Some transmissions may experience slipping or rough shifting with high mileage. Proper fluid maintenance is key.
Subaru Specialties:
Renowned for horizontally-opposed 'boxer' engines and Symmetrical All-Wheel Drive systems, long history in motorsport (rallying).
First Generation Launch:
Introduced globally in 1992 for the 1993 model year, replacing the Subaru Leone/Loyale. Designed to compete in the growing compact segment with a focus on performance and AWD.
Facelifts:
Received a significant facelift for the 1997 model year, featuring updated styling, improved interior, and revised suspension geometry.
Performance Variants:
The first generation saw the introduction of the legendary WRX and STI (Subaru Tecnica International) models, featuring turbocharged EJ20 engines and enhanced performance features, which gained significant rally racing success.
Manufacturing Locations:
Primary production in Gunma, Japan. Some assembly may have occurred in other locations for specific markets.
Production Years Global:
1992-2000
