Market Positioning:
The Alfa Romeo 166 represented the brand's flagship sedan during its production run, targeting the premium executive segment with a focus on stylish Italian design, performance, and luxury.
Key Competitors:
Competed against premium European sedans such as the BMW 5 Series, Mercedes-Benz E-Class, Audi A6, and Volvo S80, as well as higher-spec models from other manufacturers.
Vehicle Key Features:
Known for its distinctive Pininfarina styling, comfortable ride, sophisticated interior, and the torque-rich 2.4 JTD turbodiesel engine which offered a blend of performance and economy. The 10V variant of the 2.4 JTD provided robust torque delivery.
Systems Covered:
General Information, Specifications, Technical Features and Description, Rigging Information, Troubleshooting, Electrical System, Fuel System, Power Unit (Engine), Lower Unit (Drivetrain/Transmission), Bracket Unit (Chassis/Suspension/Brakes), Maintenance, Index, Appendix.
Specific Sections Listed:
General Information, Specifications, Technical Features and Description, Rigging Information, Troubleshooting, Electrical System, Fuel System, Power Unit, Lower Unit, Bracket Unit, Maintenance, Index, Appendix.
Page Count:
Not specified in product information, but described as comprehensive and detailed.
Manual Type:
Service Repair Factory Manual
Engine Systems:
Engine mechanicals, cylinder head, pistons, crankshaft, camshafts, valve train, lubrication system, cooling system, intake and exhaust systems, turbocharger, fuel injection system (common rail diesel), glow plug system, engine management system (ECU).
Transmission Systems:
Manual transmission components, automatic transmission components (if applicable to this engine/model year), clutch system, differential, drive shafts, prop shaft (if applicable), transmission control systems.
Electrical Systems:
Wiring diagrams, component locations, fuse and relay identification, battery, alternator, starter motor, lighting systems (headlights, taillights, interior lights), instrument cluster, body control module (BCM), engine control module (ECM), ABS, ESP, airbags, power windows, central locking, audio system, climate control.
Chassis Systems:
Suspension (front and rear), steering system, braking system (ABS, EBD, brake booster, calipers, discs, pads), wheel bearings, subframes, exhaust system components.
Bodywork And Trim:
Body panel removal and installation, interior trim, door mechanisms, bumpers, glass, seals.
Maintenance Procedures:
Scheduled maintenance tasks, oil changes, filter replacements (oil, fuel, air, cabin), spark plug replacement (if applicable to diesel), brake pad and disc replacement, fluid level checks and top-ups, tire rotation, belt inspection and replacement.
Repair Procedures:
Step-by-step repair instructions for all covered systems, including engine rebuilds, transmission overhauls, suspension component replacement, brake system repairs, electrical diagnostics and component replacement, fuel system component replacement.
Troubleshooting:
Diagnostic flowcharts, common fault identification, symptom-based troubleshooting guides for engine performance, electrical issues, drivability problems, and braking system malfunctions.
Diagnostic Procedures:
Detailed diagnostic procedures for all electronic control units (ECU, BCM, ABS/ESP controller), fault code reading and interpretation, component testing using diagnostic tools, and wiring diagram analysis.
Technical Depth:
Comprehensive factory-level detail suitable for professional technicians and experienced DIY enthusiasts. Covers everything from basic fluid changes to complete engine and transmission overhauls, including diagnostic procedures and torque specifications.
Repair Level:
Covers everything from routine maintenance and adjustments to complex component overhauls and diagnostics, allowing for self-sufficient repair by the owner or independent mechanic.
File Format Details:
Provided as a Disc Image File (.ISO) or an Application executable (.exe), requiring mounting software like DAEMON Tools or MagicISO for access. Likely contains navigable sections and searchable text.
Software Requirements:
Requires software like DAEMON Tools or MagicISO to mount the .ISO file. .exe file might be a standalone application or installer.
Operating System Compatibility:
Windows 32-bit
Print Quality:
Printable without any restriction, implying high-resolution images and clear text for easy reproduction.
Binding Type:
Digital (electronic format)
Paper Type:
Not Applicable (digital format)
Engine Type:
Inline 5-cylinder turbocharged common rail direct injection diesel
Displacement:
2387 cc (2.4 Liters)
Bore X Stroke:
Typically around 82 mm x 90.2 mm
Compression Ratio:
Around 18.0:1 to 18.5:1
Horsepower:
Approx. 136-140 PS (134-138 bhp / 100-103 kW) at around 4000-4200 rpm (varies slightly by specific engine calibration and market).
Torque:
Approx. 300-330 Nm (221-243 lb-ft) at around 1800-2000 rpm (varies by specific engine calibration and market).
Injection System:
Common Rail Direct Injection (CRDI) with multi-point injection
Turbocharger:
Variable Geometry Turbocharger (VGT)
Emissions Control:
Euro 3 compliant for most versions. May feature EGR (Exhaust Gas Recirculation).
Engine Block Material:
Typically cast iron for the block and aluminum for the cylinder head.
Cooling System:
Water-cooled, pressurized system with a radiator, expansion tank, thermostat, and fan (mechanically or electrically driven).
Length:
Approximately 4730 mm (186.2 inches)
Width:
Approximately 1775 mm (69.9 inches)
Height:
Approximately 1430 mm (56.3 inches)
Wheelbase:
Approximately 2700 mm (106.3 inches)
Curb Weight:
Approximately 1550-1600 kg (3417-3527 lbs) depending on transmission and options.
Gross Vehicle Weight Rating:
Not specified, but typically in the range of 2100-2200 kg.
Euro Ncap Rating:
Euro NCAP crash test results were not consistently high for the 166, with varying scores across different impact types. Early models received 3 stars.
Active Safety Features:
Anti-lock Braking System (ABS) with Electronic Brake-force Distribution (EBD), Traction Control System (TCS), optional Electronic Stability Program (ESP) on later models.
Passive Safety Features:
Front airbags (driver and passenger), side airbags, curtain airbags (optional on some models), pre-tensioner seatbelts, impact-absorbing crumple zones, reinforced passenger cell.
Oil Change Interval:
Typically every 20,000 km (12,500 miles) or 1 year, whichever comes first, using appropriate synthetic engine oil. Consult the manual for precise intervals for your specific model year and driving conditions.
Timing Belt Replacement:
The 2.4 JTD 10V typically has a timing belt. Replacement interval is critical, often around 100,000-120,000 km (60,000-75,000 miles) or 5 years. Failure to replace can lead to catastrophic engine damage.
Engine Oil Type:
Fully synthetic SAE 5W-40 or 10W-40, meeting ACEA A3/B4 or specific Fiat/Alfa Romeo specifications (e.g., FIAT 9.55535-N2 or FIAT 9.55535-S2). Refer to manual for precise grade.
Coolant Type:
Ethylene glycol-based coolant with anti-corrosion additives, typically a pink or red colored OAT (Organic Acid Technology) type. Capacity approx. 7.5-8.0 liters. Refer to manual for precise specification (e.g., Paraflu UP).
Brake Fluid Type:
DOT 4 or DOT 3 (check manual), replaced every 2 years to maintain performance and prevent moisture absorption.
Transmission Fluid Type Manual:
GL-4 or GL-5 specification manual transmission fluid, typically SAE 75W-90 or 80W-90. Capacity approx. 2.2-2.5 liters.
Power Steering Fluid:
Specific hydraulic fluid for power steering systems, often ATF Dexron II/III or a proprietary Alfa Romeo fluid. Check manual for exact type.
Differential Fluid Type:
Check manual for specific GL rating and viscosity. May vary for manual and automatic transmissions.
Common Problems Engine:
Potential issues include EGR valve clogging, turbocharger issues (actuator, variable geometry vanes), glow plug failure leading to hard starting in cold weather, injector wear, and potential oil leaks from gaskets and seals. The 10-valve version is generally considered more robust than later 20-valve variants.
Common Problems Suspension Steering:
Front suspension wear, particularly ball joints, bushings, and wishbones, can lead to knocking noises and imprecise handling. Power steering pump issues or leaks can also occur.
Common Problems Electrical:
Electrical gremlins are not uncommon in Italian cars of this era. Issues can range from sensor failures (MAF, lambda, ABS) to problems with body control modules, window regulators, central locking, and dashboard warning lights due to corroded wiring or component failure.
Common Problems Other:
Climate control system issues (blower motor, flap actuators), minor interior trim rattles, and potential rust on sills or wheel arches if not properly maintained.
Brand Philosophy:
Alfa Romeo has a long and storied history in automotive engineering and motorsport, renowned for its passionate design, sporty handling, and distinctive character.
166 Development:
The 166 replaced the Alfa Romeo 164 as the brand's executive sedan. It was based on the Fiat Type Two platform, sharing some underpinnings with other Fiat/Lancia models but with significant Alfa Romeo tuning and styling. It underwent a facelift in 2003.
Manufacturing Location:
Primarily manufactured in Italy.
Production Run:
1998-2007 (model years generally span this period, with 2008 often representing the final availability).
