🏷️ Basic Information

Make:

BMW

Model:

R Series (R80, R90, R100)

Year:

1987

Motorcycle Type:

Boxer-twin motorcycle

Engine Code Range:

R80/7, R90/6, R100/7, R100RT, R100RS, R100GS (may vary slightly based on specific sub-models within the year)

👋 Introduction

Market Position Of Motorcycles:

BMW's R-series boxer twins of the late 70s and 80s were renowned for their durability, torque, and touring capability. They represented a blend of reliable engineering and rider comfort, often positioned as premium, long-distance touring motorcycles or robust all-rounders.

Key Competitors Era:

In their era, these bikes competed with other large-displacement touring and sport-touring motorcycles from brands like Honda (e.g., GL series), Yamaha (e.g., XS series), Kawasaki (e.g., KZ series), and Suzuki. Their unique shaft drive and boxer engine configuration set them apart.

Manual Value Proposition:

Provides enthusiasts and owners with the in-depth knowledge required to maintain, repair, and restore these classic BMW motorcycles, ensuring their longevity and optimal performance. Crucial for preserving the value and character of these iconic machines.

📋 Manual Details

Model Coverage:

BMW R80, R90, and R100 series motorcycles manufactured in 1987, encompassing all sub-models and variants available in that model year.

Estimated Page Count:

Comprehensive (typically 300-500+ pages for full factory-level manuals)

Manual Type:

Service and Repair Manual

Language:

English

Format:

Downloadable Digital Format (likely PDF)

📖 Manual Coverage

Engine Systems:

Engine disassembly, reassembly, tuning, valve adjustment, piston and cylinder inspection/replacement, camshaft and timing chain, lubrication system, cooling system (air-cooled), ignition system (points or electronic, depending on specific sub-model), fuel system (carburetors, fuel lines, filters), exhaust system.

Transmission Drivetrain Systems:

Gearbox disassembly and reassembly, clutch operation and adjustment, final drive (shaft drive) inspection, maintenance, and repair, universal joint service, gearbox oil specifications and changes.

Chassis Suspension Steering Systems:

Front fork service (oil changes, seal replacement), rear shock absorber inspection and replacement, swingarm bearing maintenance, steering head bearing adjustment and replacement, wheel bearing service, brake system overhaul (hydraulic and mechanical components), tire pressure and wear checks.

Electrical Systems:

Wiring diagrams, battery maintenance and testing, charging system (alternator, regulator), starter motor, lighting systems (headlight, taillight, turn signals), instrument cluster, ignition switch, troubleshooting electrical faults.

Bodywork And Trim:

Fairing removal and installation (if applicable), fuel tank mounting and removal, seat assembly, fenders, side covers, control cable routing and adjustment.

Routine Maintenance:

Oil and filter changes, spark plug replacement, air filter cleaning/replacement, chain adjustment (if applicable, though most were shaft-driven), brake fluid replacement, tire pressure checks, valve clearance adjustments, battery checks, lubrication points.

Troubleshooting Diagnostics:

Step-by-step diagnostic procedures for common issues such as starting problems, poor running, electrical faults, braking issues, and drivetrain noises.

Major Repairs Rebuilds:

Complete engine rebuild procedures, gearbox overhauls, fork rebuilds, electrical system repairs, brake caliper rebuilding.

Component Removal Installation:

Detailed instructions for removing and installing all major components, from engine internals to body panels and electrical modules.

Carburetor Rebuild And Tuning:

Detailed steps for disassembling, cleaning, inspecting, reassembling, and synchronizing Bing or Dell'Orto carburetors, including jet sizes and float bowl settings.

Ignition System Service:

Information on breaker points, condensers, ignition timing adjustment, and troubleshooting ignition circuit faults. For electronic ignition models, details on module testing may be included.

Front Fork Overhaul:

Instructions for draining, flushing, refilling fork oil, and replacing fork seals and dust wipers, along with disassembly and reassembly of fork components.

Rear Shock ABSorber Maintenance:

Inspection of rear shock absorbers for leaks, mounting point checks, and guidance on replacement if necessary.

Brake System Overhaul:

Detailed procedures for bleeding hydraulic brakes, replacing brake pads, inspecting rotors/drums, servicing master cylinders and calipers, and replacing brake lines.

Wheel Bearing And Tire Service:

Instructions for inspecting, repacking, or replacing wheel bearings, as well as tire mounting, balancing, and pressure checks.

Electrical Troubleshooting Guides:

Systematic approaches to diagnosing and repairing common electrical issues, often with schematic diagrams and flowcharts.

Frame And Chassis Inspections:

Guidelines for inspecting the frame for damage or cracks, checking steering head bearings for play, and ensuring the integrity of suspension mounts.

Exhaust System Maintenance:

Inspection of exhaust pipes and mufflers for leaks, rust, and secure mounting. May include repacking for some models if applicable.

Instrumentation And Controls:

Service and adjustment procedures for all gauges, switches, levers, and cables.

Technical Depth:

Comprehensive factory-level detail, suitable for both experienced DIY mechanics and professional technicians. Includes detailed torque specifications, clearance measurements, and diagnostic flowcharts.

📊 Manual Specifications

File Format Details:

Likely PDF. Searchable text is highly desirable for quick access to information. High-resolution scans of original factory manuals are preferred for clarity of diagrams and text.

Searchability:

Ideally, the PDF format should support text searching for keywords, making it efficient for users to locate specific procedures or specifications.

Diagram Clarity:

Crucial for digital manuals is the high resolution and clarity of all diagrams, exploded views, and wiring schematics, ensuring they are easily readable when zoomed.

Print Quality Considerations:

For digital versions, clarity of diagrams, schematics, and technical illustrations is paramount. For potential physical prints, paper quality and binding robustness are key.

Binding Type:

N/A (Digital Download)

Paper Type:

N/A (Digital Download)

⚙️ Engine Specifications

Engine Type:

Air-cooled, four-stroke, horizontally opposed twin-cylinder (Boxer)

Bore X Stroke:

Varies by model: R80 (approx. 82.5 mm x 74.5 mm), R90 (approx. 90 mm x 74.5 mm), R100 (approx. 94 mm x 70.5 mm or 94 mm x 74.5 mm depending on variant).

Displacement:

R80: 797.5 cc; R90: 897.7 cc; R100: 979.5 cc or 980 cc.

Compression Ratio:

Typically around 8.5:1 to 9.5:1 depending on model and specific engine variant.

Valve Train:

Overhead camshaft (OHC) driven by pushrods and rocker arms, operating in the cylinder heads. Two valves per cylinder.

Horsepower Range:

Approximately 50 hp (R80) to 65-70 hp (R100 variants) at peak RPM.

Torque Range:

Approximately 57 Nm (R80) to 75-80 Nm (R100 variants) at peak RPM.

Carburetor Type:

Typically Dell'Orto or Bing constant-velocity (CV) carburetors. Common sizes include 32mm or 40mm depending on the model.

Fuel Type Recommendation:

Unleaded gasoline, with an octane rating typically recommended between 91-95 RON (AKI 87-91).

🔧 Transmission

Transmission Type:

5-speed, constant-mesh gearbox with foot shift lever.

Optional Transmission:

N/A for this era; all were 5-speed.

Drive System:

Shaft drive to the rear wheel.

Clutch Type:

Dry, single-plate clutch operated by cable.

Gear Ratios:

Specific gear ratios vary by model and are detailed within the manual.

📐 Dimensions

Wheelbase:

Typically around 1460 mm to 1490 mm, depending on the specific model (e.g., R100GS would be longer).

Seat Height:

Varies by model, generally between 780 mm and 820 mm.

Dry Weight:

Approximately 200 kg to 230 kg, depending on the model and equipment (e.g., R100RT with fairing would be heavier).

Gross Vehicle Weight Rating:

Not typically specified as a GVWR in the same way as cars, but payload capacities and allowable load are critical for safe operation.

🛡️ Safety Features

Safety Ratings Era:

Motorcycle safety standards were less codified than automotive in this era. Focus was on braking effectiveness and stability.

Braking System:

Front: Single or dual disc brakes (depending on model) with hydraulic actuation. Rear: Disc or drum brake (depending on model) with hydraulic or mechanical actuation. ABS was not a common feature on these models.

Lighting:

Halogen headlight, taillight, brake light, and turn signals. Reflectors are standard for visibility.

Chassis Design:

Steel tube frame for structural integrity. Engine serves as a stressed member in some configurations.

💡 Technology Features

Infotainment Features:

Basic instrumentation including speedometer, tachometer (on some models), odometer, trip meter, and indicator lights for oil pressure, battery charging, and turn signals. No advanced infotainment systems.

Driver Assistance Features:

None in the modern sense. Rider aids are limited to the inherent stability of the chassis and effective braking systems of the era.

Connectivity Features:

N/A. No electronic connectivity or data ports.

🔧 Maintenance

Oil Change Interval:

Typically every 5,000 km to 10,000 km (3,000 to 6,000 miles) or annually, whichever comes first. Refer to manual for exact interval.

Valve Adjustment Interval:

Approximately every 10,000 km to 15,000 km (6,000 to 10,000 miles). This is a critical procedure for these engines.

Spark Plug Replacement:

Typically every 10,000 km to 20,000 km, depending on plug type and wear.

Engine Oil Type:

Viscosity typically SAE 20W-50 or 10W-40. Use motorcycle-specific oil meeting API SG or higher, with JASO MA approval for wet clutch compatibility. Capacity approx. 2.5 - 3.0 liters.

Gearbox Oil Type:

Hypoid gear oil, API GL-5, viscosity SAE 90. Capacity approx. 0.7 - 1.0 liter.

Final Drive Oil Type:

Hypoid gear oil, API GL-5, viscosity SAE 90. Capacity approx. 0.15 - 0.25 liter.

Brake Fluid Type:

DOT 4 hydraulic brake fluid for all hydraulic brake systems.

Common Wear Items:

Clutch wear, output shaft seal leaks, final drive spline wear, swingarm pivot bearings, steering head bearings, valve guide wear, carburetor synchronization issues, starter motor brushes.

Electrical Quirks:

Aging wiring harnesses can develop faults, voltage regulator issues, starter relay problems.

Engine Performance Considerations:

Carburetor tuning and synchronization are crucial for smooth running. Valve clearances must be maintained accurately. Air filter cleanliness impacts performance significantly.

📚 Vehicle History

Bmw Motorrad Heritage:

BMW Motorrad has a long and storied history dating back to the early 20th century, with the boxer-twin engine being a foundational element since the R32 in 1923. This lineage speaks to decades of engineering refinement and reliability.

R Series Evolution:

The R80, R90, and R100 series represent the evolution of BMW's air-cooled boxer platform. The R90/6 and R100/7 models introduced larger displacements and further refinements over earlier 'slash-6' and 'slash-7' series bikes, culminating in models like the R100RS (sport-touring), R100RT (full touring), and the off-road capable R100GS by the late 1980s.

Year 1987 Context:

The 1987 model year saw these bikes with mature features, often including improved electrical systems and refined engine components compared to earlier iterations. The R100GS model, introduced in late 1987, marked BMW's foray into the dual-sport market with this platform.

Production Period:

The R80, R90, and R100 models were produced in various iterations from the mid-1970s through the 1990s. The 1987 model year represents a mature stage of this platform's development.

🏆 Awards & Recognition

Motorcycle Awards Heritage:

While specific 'awards' for individual model years are uncommon, BMW's R-series bikes have consistently received acclaim for their build quality, reliability, and longevity, earning them a strong reputation among riders and in motorcycle publications over decades.

Owner Satisfaction:

Owners of these models often praise their robust construction, comfortable ride, and the unique character of the boxer engine. They are frequently cited for their suitability for long-distance travel and their ability to be maintained and repaired by owners.

Certification Standards:

Products would have met all relevant safety and emissions standards in place in the primary markets where they were sold for the 1987 model year.