Engine Systems:
        
        
            Engine mechanical, lubrication, cooling, fuel, ignition, emissions control, engine management (ECU), starting and charging
        
     
    
        
            Transmission Systems:
        
        
            Manual Transmission (MT) and Automatic Transmission (AT) repair, clutch, torque converter, hydraulic control, electronic control unit (TCU)
        
     
    
        
            Drivetrain Systems:
        
        
            Front-wheel drive (FWD) and All-wheel drive (AWD) systems, driveshafts, constant velocity (CV) joints, differentials, transfer case (AWD)
        
     
    
        
            Suspension Systems:
        
        
            Front and rear suspension components, shock absorbers, struts, springs, control arms, bushings, alignment specifications
        
     
    
        
            Steering Systems:
        
        
            Power steering system, steering rack, tie rods, steering column, hydraulic pump, electric power steering (EPS) components (if applicable)
        
     
    
        
            Brake Systems:
        
        
            Front and rear brakes, disc brakes, anti-lock braking system (ABS), electronic brake-force distribution (EBD), brake fluid specifications
        
     
    
        
            Electrical Systems:
        
        
            Battery, alternator, starter motor, lighting, wipers, horn, power windows, power locks, instrument cluster, fuses and relays
        
     
    
        
            HVAC Systems:
        
        
            Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) system components, refrigerant, compressor, evaporator, condenser, climate control
        
     
    
        
            Body And Trim:
        
        
            Body panels, doors, hood, tailgate, bumpers, interior trim, seat adjustments, glass and mirrors
        
     
    
        
            Safety Systems:
        
        
            Airbag system, seat belts, child restraint systems (ISOFIX), tire pressure monitoring system (TPMS)
        
     
    
        
            Diagnostic Troubleshooting:
        
        
            Diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs), symptom-based troubleshooting charts, flowcharts, diagnostic tool usage (e.g., OBD-II)
        
     
    
    
        
            Maintenance Procedures:
        
        
            Oil changes, filter replacements, fluid checks and top-offs, spark plug replacement, belt inspection and replacement, tire rotation and balancing
        
     
    
        
            Repair Procedures:
        
        
            Engine component replacement (e.g., alternator, starter, water pump), transmission rebuild, brake caliper replacement, suspension component renewal, exhaust system repair
        
     
    
        
            Diagnostic Procedures:
        
        
            Testing of electrical circuits, fuel pressure tests, compression tests, sensor diagnostics, actuator tests
        
     
    
        
            Adjustment Procedures:
        
        
            Wheel alignment, parking brake adjustment, headlight aiming
        
     
    
        
            Recalibration Procedures:
        
        
            Throttle body relearn, ABS sensor calibration (if applicable)
        
     
    
    
        
            Depth Of Information:
        
        
            Detailed step-by-step instructions, torque specifications, wiring diagrams, diagnostic flowcharts, component identification, exploded views
        
     
 
    
    
    
        
            Transmission Type V6:
        
        
            5-speed Automatic Transmission (5-Speed AT)
        
     
    
    
        
            Transmission Type I4:
        
        
            5-speed Manual Transmission (5-Speed MT) / 4-speed Automatic Transmission (4-Speed AT) - availability varies by market/trim
        
     
    
    
        
            Shiftronic:
        
        
            Available on some automatic transmissions (manual mode)
        
     
    
    
        
            Automatic Transmission Fluid Type:
        
        
            Kia Genuine ATF SP-III or equivalent
        
     
    
        
            Manual Transmission Fluid Type:
        
        
            Kia Genuine Gear Oil GL-4 SAE 75W-85 or API GL-4, SAE 75W-90
        
     
    
    
        
            Automatic Transmission Fluid Capacity:
        
        
            Approx. 8.7 liters (9.2 US quarts) for full refill
        
     
    
        
            Manual Transmission Fluid Capacity:
        
        
            Approx. 2.2 liters (2.3 US quarts)
        
     
 
    
    
    
        
            NHTSA Front Impact Driver:
        
        
            ★★★★★ (5-Star)
        
     
    
        
            NHTSA Front Impact Passenger:
        
        
            ★★★★★ (5-Star)
        
     
    
        
            NHTSA Side Impact Front Seat:
        
        
            ★★★★★ (5-Star)
        
     
    
        
            NHTSA Side Impact Rear Seat:
        
        
            ★★★★☆ (4-Star)
        
     
    
        
            IIHS Front Crash Test:
        
        
            Good
        
     
    
        
            IIHS Side Crash Test:
        
        
            Good
        
     
    
        
            IIHS Rear Crash Protection:
        
        
            Good
        
     
    
    
        
            ABS:
        
        
            Standard (4-wheel disc with ABS)
        
     
    
    
        
            Traction Control:
        
        
            Standard
        
     
    
        
            Electronic Stability Control:
        
        
            Standard
        
     
    
    
        
            Airbags Front:
        
        
            Dual front advanced airbags
        
     
    
        
            Airbags Side:
        
        
            Front side-impact airbags
        
     
    
        
            Airbags Curtain:
        
        
            Full-length side curtain airbags (front and second row)
        
     
    
        
            Seat Belts:
        
        
            3-point active seatbelts with pretensioners and load limiters
        
     
    
        
            Child Seat Anchors:
        
        
            LATCH (Lower Anchors and Tethers for CHildren) system
        
     
 
    
    
    
        
            Oil Change Interval Synthetic:
        
        
            7,500 miles (12,000 km) or 12 months, whichever comes first
        
     
    
        
            Oil Change Interval Conventional:
        
        
            3,750 miles (6,000 km) or 6 months if driven under severe conditions
        
     
    
        
            Air Filter Replacement:
        
        
            15,000 miles (24,000 km)
        
     
    
        
            Cabin Air Filter Replacement:
        
        
            15,000 miles (24,000 km) or 12 months
        
     
    
        
            Spark Plug Replacement I4:
        
        
            100,000 miles (160,000 km) (Iridium type)
        
     
    
        
            Spark Plug Replacement V6:
        
        
            100,000 miles (160,000 km) (Iridium type)
        
     
    
        
            Coolant Replacement:
        
        
            100,000 miles (160,000 km) or 5 years
        
     
    
        
            Timing Belt Replacement:
        
        
            Not applicable (engines use timing chains)
        
     
    
    
        
            Engine Oil Type V6:
        
        
            SAE 5W-20 (API SM or ILSAC GF-4 certified)
        
     
    
        
            Engine Oil Capacity V6:
        
        
            5.5 liters (5.8 US quarts) with filter change
        
     
    
        
            Engine Oil Type I4:
        
        
            SAE 5W-20 (API SM or ILSAC GF-4 certified)
        
     
    
        
            Engine Oil Capacity I4:
        
        
            4.5 liters (4.8 US quarts) with filter change
        
     
    
        
            Coolant Type:
        
        
            Hyundai/Kia Long Life Coolant (Green) - Ethylene Glycol based
        
     
    
        
            Brake Fluid Type:
        
        
            DOT 3 or DOT 4
        
     
    
    
        
            Common Problems:
        
        
            CV joint wear, front suspension component wear (bushings, ball joints), potential for AC compressor issues, oil consumption in some V6 engines at higher mileage
        
     
    
        
            Diagnostic Challenges:
        
        
            Electrical gremlins, intermittent sensor failures, specific transmission shift quality concerns requiring software updates or component checks.