Market Position:
The 1983 FX models represented Harley-Davidson's transition into the Evolution engine era, aiming to balance classic styling with improved reliability and performance compared to previous Shovelhead engines. This manual is essential for owners and technicians working on these pivotal machines.
Competitive Analysis:
During 1983, Harley-Davidson competed against emerging Japanese motorcycle manufacturers and established American V-twin customizers. The FX line, with its evolving technology and distinct Harley-Davidson character, carved out a niche for riders seeking American-made power and style.
Key Features Of Manual:
Detailed exploded diagrams, precise torque specifications, diagnostic flowcharts, troubleshooting tips, and step-by-step repair instructions specific to the 1983 FX models equipped with the Evolution engine.
Key Features Of Vehicle:
The 1983 FX models (including FXWG, FXSB, FXST - though Softail designation may be later, base FX platforms) were characterized by the introduction of the 1340cc (82 cubic inch) Evolution engine, offering increased horsepower and torque, and a more modern design compared to the outgoing Shovelhead. These bikes typically featured a 5-speed transmission (or 4-speed in earlier iterations of the platform) and distinct styling elements like the FX front end.
Systems Covered:
Engine, Transmission, Primary Drive, Chassis, Electrical System, Fuel System, Ignition System, Brakes, Suspension, Wheels, Tires, Bodywork, Troubleshooting, Maintenance
Page Count:
Estimated 300-400 pages (typical for a factory service manual of this era)
Manual Type:
Factory Service Repair Manual
Format:
Print (Original Factory Publication)
Engine Mechanical:
Disassembly, assembly, inspection, and repair of the 1340cc Evolution engine, including cylinders, pistons, connecting rods, crankshaft, camshafts, valves, and lubrication system.
Fuel System:
Carburetor (e.g., Keihin butterfly type), fuel pump, fuel lines, and tank servicing.
Ignition System:
Electronic ignition system (points-based systems were phased out), spark plugs, coils, timing adjustment, and troubleshooting.
Transmission And Drivetrain:
Four-speed constant mesh transmission, clutch operation, primary drive chain and sprockets, final drive belt and sprockets (if applicable), and gearbox servicing.
Electrical System:
Wiring diagrams, lighting system, battery, charging system (alternator/generator), starter motor, switches, and instrumentation.
Chassis And Suspension:
Frame inspection, front forks (Showa or Marzocchi often used), rear shock absorbers, steering head bearings, and wheel bearings.
Brakes:
Front and rear brake systems (typically single disc front, drum or disc rear depending on FX variant), brake pad replacement, caliper service, master cylinder, and brake fluid specifications.
Bodywork And Trim:
Fender removal/installation, tank mounting, seat removal, and general body component servicing.
Maintenance Procedures:
Oil changes, filter replacement, spark plug replacement, chain adjustment, brake adjustments, fluid flushes, and general inspection routines.
Repair Procedures:
Complete engine rebuilds, transmission overhauls, carburetor rebuilding, electrical system troubleshooting and repair, suspension component replacement, and brake caliper servicing.
Troubleshooting Guides:
Systematic diagnostic procedures for common issues related to starting, running, electrical faults, and braking.
Technical Depth:
Comprehensive, covering from basic rider maintenance to complete engine and transmission rebuilds, including detailed torque specifications and clearances.
Engine Type:
Air-cooled, 45-degree V-twin, OHV (Overhead Valve)
Displacement:
1339.8 cc (82 cubic inches)
Bore X Stroke:
3.4375 in x 4.25 in (87.3 mm x 108.0 mm)
Compression Ratio:
Approximately 8.5:1 (varies slightly by specific FX model and tuning)
Horsepower Rating:
Estimated 65-70 HP (at crankshaft, varies by source and specific model tune)
Torque Rating:
Estimated 70-75 ft-lbs (at crankshaft, varies by source and specific model tune)
Carburetor:
Keihin butterfly type (e.g., CV carburetor later, but early 83 might still have butterfly variants); specific model varies.
Fuel Type:
Unleaded gasoline, 87 octane minimum (check manual for specific recommendations).
Oil Capacity:
Approximately 3 quarts (2.8 liters) for engine oil; separate transmission and primary case oil.
Oil Type:
Harley-Davidson recommended 20W50 motorcycle oil (e.g., HD 360). Consult manual for specific API classifications.
Transmission Type:
4-speed or 5-speed constant mesh manual gearbox
Optional Transmission:
N/A for 1983 FX models; transmission options were generally fixed by the platform.
Clutch Type:
Wet multi-plate
Primary Drive:
Enclosed chain drive, often a duplex primary chain.
Final Drive:
Belt drive or chain drive, depending on the specific FX variant (e.g., FXWG often had belt drive).
Transmission Oil Capacity:
Approx. 1 pint (0.5 liter) of Harley-Davidson recommended transmission oil (e.g., SAE 80W-90 gear oil).
Wheelbase:
Approximately 60-63 inches (varies by FX variant - FXWG typically longer).
Length:
Approximately 88-92 inches (varies by FX variant).
Dry Weight:
Approximately 550-600 lbs (249-272 kg) depending on model configuration.
Fuel Tank Capacity:
Typically 4.0 gallons (15.1 liters) or 5.0 gallons (18.9 liters) for larger tanks.
Front Tire Size:
Typically MT90-16 or similar
Rear Tire Size:
Typically MT90-16 or similar
Wheel Type:
Spoked wheels, usually 16-inch diameter front and rear.
Initial Service:
First service typically around 500 miles (800 km) - check oil, primary fluid, adjust chain (if applicable), check tire pressure, inspect fasteners.
Regular Oil Change:
Every 2,000-3,000 miles (3,200-4,800 km) or as specified in the manual; includes engine oil and filter replacement.
Primary Chain Maintenance:
Check tension every 1,000 miles (1,600 km); fluid change with primary chain maintenance.
Transmission Oil Change:
Every 5,000-10,000 miles (8,000-16,000 km).
Spark Plug Replacement:
Every 5,000-7,500 miles (8,000-12,000 km).
Engine Oil Specification:
Harley-Davidson 20W50 Motorcycle Oil (or equivalent API SG or higher spec 20W50).
Transmission Oil Specification:
Harley-Davidson Gear Oil SAE 80W-90 (or equivalent GL-4 spec 80W-90).
Primary Chain Case Oil:
Typically shares engine oil, but check manual for specific case for the 1983 FX platform.
Brake Fluid Specification:
DOT 3 or DOT 4 brake fluid (check manual for specific recommendation, generally DOT 3 for this era).
Known Issues Engine:
Early Evolution engines could experience oil leaks due to gasket materials and sealing technology of the era. Valve train noise ('ticking') is common and often normal if within spec. Carburetor tuning can be sensitive.
Known Issues Transmission:
Wear on shift forks or dogs in the transmission can lead to difficulty shifting or false neutrals. Clutch adjustment is critical for smooth engagement.
Known Issues Electrical:
Wiring insulation can become brittle over time. Regulator/rectifier issues are not uncommon. Battery charging system output should be regularly checked.
Known Issues Chassis:
Wheel bearing wear, steering head bearing adjustment, and fork seal leaks are common maintenance points.
Brand Heritage:
Harley-Davidson, founded in 1903, is the quintessential American motorcycle manufacturer, renowned for its V-twin engines, classic styling, and rider community.
Model Evolution:
The 'FX' designation has historically represented a range of Harley-Davidson models that often blended the frames of the FL (big twin) with the forks of the XL (sportster), creating a 'cross-over' styling and performance. The 1983 introduction of the Evolution engine marked a significant technological advancement for the brand.
Production Era:
The Evolution engine was introduced in 1984 for Softail and Touring models, and some FX models received it in late 1983 or early 1984. This manual covers the early implementation of this engine.
