🏷️ Basic Information

Make:

BMW

Model:

518i

Chassis Code:

E28

Model Years Covered:

1985-1988

Engine Codes Implied:

M10 Series (specifically M10B18)

👋 Introduction

Positioning Of E28 518I:

The E28 518i represented the entry-level model in BMW's prestigious E28 5 Series lineup, offering BMW's signature driving dynamics and build quality at a more accessible price point. It was positioned as a comfortable, reliable, and sporty executive sedan.

Competitors During Era:

Mercedes-Benz W124 E-Class (e.g., 230E), Audi 100, Jaguar XJ, Volvo 240/740, and various American sedans from Cadillac and Lincoln, though often competing on a smaller scale due to the 518i's more performance-oriented focus.

Distinctive Aspects:

Balanced handling, rear-wheel drive dynamics, functional and driver-focused interior, solid build quality, characteristic BMW styling.

Benefit To Owner:

Empowers owners to perform detailed maintenance and repairs, reducing reliance on dealerships, enhancing understanding of vehicle systems, and enabling proper upkeep for longevity.

📋 Manual Details

Primary Coverage:

Service, Repair, Maintenance, Diagnostics, Troubleshooting

Specific Systems Detailed:

Engine (M10B18), Fuel System, Ignition System, Cooling System, Lubrication System, Exhaust System, Drivetrain (Transmission, Differential), Suspension, Steering, Brakes, Electrical System (including wiring diagrams), HVAC, Bodywork, Interior Trim

Estimated Page Count:

700-1000+

Type:

Factory-Type Service Repair Workshop Manual

Language:

English

Format:

PDF (Digital Download)

📖 Manual Coverage

Powertrain Systems:

Engine mechanical, fuel injection (Bosch L-Jetronic/Motronic), ignition, cooling, lubrication, exhaust

Chassis Systems:

Front/rear suspension, steering system, brake system (front disc, rear drum/disc), drivetrain components (clutch, gearbox, driveshafts, differential)

Electrical Systems:

Charging system, starting system, lighting, instrumentation, wipers, horn, power windows, central locking, wiring diagrams

Comfort And Body:

HVAC system, interior trim, exterior body panels, doors, windows, locks, seats

Routine Maintenance:

Oil changes, filter replacements, spark plug checks/replacement, fluid level checks/top-ups, belt adjustments/replacement

Repair And Overhaul:

Engine rebuilds (including valve adjustments, piston/ring replacement, bearing checks), transmission overhaul, brake caliper/cylinder rebuild, suspension component replacement, fuel system component testing/replacement

Diagnostics And Troubleshooting:

Fault finding procedures, diagnostic trouble codes (if applicable to L-Jetronic/Motronic), symptom-based troubleshooting guides

Special Tools And Techniques:

Identification of required special tools for specific procedures, torque specifications, alignment procedures

Depth:

Comprehensive, covering everything from basic maintenance to full engine and transmission rebuilds, including detailed electrical schematics and diagnostic flowcharts.

📊 Manual Specifications

Digital Format:

PDF

Searchability:

Likely searchable text within the PDF for quick information retrieval.

Print Quality Recommendation:

High-resolution scans suitable for printing, with clear diagrams and legible text.

Binding Type For Printed:

N/A (digital format), but typical for printed manuals would be spiral-bound or saddle-stitched for ease of use in a workshop environment.

Paper Type For Printed:

N/A (digital format), but factory manuals are often printed on durable, coated paper to withstand workshop conditions.

⚙️ Engine Specifications

Engine Code:

M10B18

Engine Type:

Inline-4 Cylinder, SOHC

Displacement:

1.8 liters (1766 cc)

Horsepower:

Approx. 90-99 hp (DIN) depending on market and specific tune

Torque:

Approx. 140-145 Nm (103-107 lb-ft) depending on market and specific tune

Fuel Delivery:

Bosch L-Jetronic or Motronic (depending on year and market) Fuel Injection

Fuel Type:

Unleaded Gasoline (Premium recommended)

Ignition System:

Electronic Ignition (Breakerless)

Cooling Type:

Liquid-Cooled

Oil Capacity:

Approx. 4.5 liters (4.8 US quarts) with filter change

Engine Philosophy:

The M10 engine is known for its robustness, durability, and relative simplicity, making it a reliable powerplant when properly maintained.

🔧 Transmission

Transmission Type Standard:

4-speed Manual Transmission

Transmission Type Optional:

3-speed Automatic Transmission (ZF 3HP22)

Clutch Type:

Hydraulically Actuated Single Dry Plate Clutch (Manual)

Gear Ratios Manual:

Specific ratios vary by model year, consult manual for precise figures.

Gear Ratios Automatic:

Specific ratios vary by model year, consult manual for precise figures.

Manual Transmission Fluid:

BMW ATF Dextron II (or equivalent specification like Mercon)

Automatic Transmission Fluid:

BMW ATF Dextron II (or equivalent specification like Mercon)

📐 Dimensions

Length:

Approx. 4725 mm (186.0 in)

Width:

Approx. 1700 mm (66.9 in)

Height:

Approx. 1415 mm (55.7 in)

Wheelbase:

Approx. 2795 mm (110.0 in)

Curb Weight:

Approx. 1350-1450 kg (2976-3197 lbs) depending on equipment

Gross Vehicle Weight Rating:

Consult owner's manual or door jamb sticker for specific rating.

Trunk Volume:

Approx. 530 liters (18.7 cu ft)

🛡️ Safety Features

Crash Test Data Availability:

Limited official modern crash test data for this era, but E28 chassis generally known for robust construction.

Braking System:

Front: Ventilated Disc Brakes; Rear: Disc Brakes (on most models) or Drum Brakes (on early/base models).

ABS Availability:

Optional on later models, not standard.

Seatbelts:

3-point inertia-reel seatbelts (front), lap belts (rear, sometimes 3-point optional).

Headrests:

Adjustable headrests (front and rear depending on trim).

Chassis Structure:

Integrated safety cage, crumple zones front and rear.

💡 Technology Features

Audio System:

Factory-installed AM/FM cassette player, often with optional premium sound systems. Upgrades are common among enthusiasts.

Instrumentation:

Comprehensive analog gauges including speedometer, tachometer, fuel level, engine temperature, and oil pressure (on some models). Check control system for warning lights.

Driver Aids Era:

Minimal by modern standards. Focus was on the driving experience and chassis dynamics.

Connectivity Features:

N/A (No factory connectivity features like Bluetooth or USB).

Power Options:

Optional power windows, power mirrors, central locking, and air conditioning.

🔧 Maintenance

Oil Change Interval:

Every 5,000 - 7,500 miles (8,000 - 12,000 km) or 6-12 months, depending on driving conditions. Consult manual for specific recommendations.

Air Filter Replacement:

Every 15,000 - 30,000 miles (24,000 - 48,000 km) or as needed based on inspection.

Spark Plug Replacement:

Every 30,000 - 40,000 miles (48,000 - 64,000 km).

Timing Belt Replacement:

N/A - M10 engines use a timing chain.

Coolant Type:

BMW Antifreeze/Coolant (Blue) or equivalent ethylene glycol-based coolant with corrosion inhibitors, mixed 50/50 with distilled water.

Brake Fluid Type:

DOT 4

Power Steering Fluid:

BMW ATF Dextron II or equivalent

Common Wear Items:

Front suspension bushings (control arm, sway bar), aging rubber hoses, fuel injectors (Bosch L-Jetronic), ignition components, driveshaft guibos (flexible couplings).

Electrical Gremlins:

Due to age, wiring harness degradation, connector corrosion, and aging relays can lead to intermittent electrical issues. The manual is crucial for diagnosing these.

Rust Prone Areas:

Wheel arches, rocker panels, battery tray area, rear valence, and strut towers.

📚 Vehicle History

Bmw Legacy:

BMW has a long-standing reputation for building sporty, driver-focused luxury sedans, a legacy deeply rooted in models like the 5 Series.

E28 Introduction:

The E28 was the second generation of the BMW 5 Series, produced from 1981 to 1988. It evolved from the E12 chassis, featuring sharper styling, improved aerodynamics, and more advanced technology.

E28 518I Positioning:

The 518i was introduced to offer a more economical option within the E28 range, particularly in markets with higher fuel costs or engine displacement taxes. It leveraged the proven M10 engine.

Production Period E28:

1981-1988

Manufacturing Locations:

Primarily Germany, with some assembly in other locations.

🏆 Awards & Recognition

E28 General Acclaim:

The E28 generation of the 5 Series was widely praised by automotive journalists for its excellent handling, build quality, and driver involvement, solidifying BMW's reputation in the executive sedan segment.

Consumer Reports Era:

While specific awards for the 518i are rare, the E28 series generally received positive ratings for mechanical reliability and driving performance from publications of its time.

Manual Certification:

Factory-type quality implies adherence to OEM documentation standards, providing accurate and detailed information as intended by the manufacturer.