🏷️ Basic Information

Make:

BMW

Model:

518i

Year:

1986

Chassis Code:

E28

Engine Code:

M10B18

👋 Introduction

Positioning:

The BMW 518i (E28) was positioned as an entry-level model in BMW's executive sedan lineup, offering the brand's renowned driving dynamics and build quality at a more accessible price point.

Competitors:

Competed against models like the Mercedes-Benz W123/W124 200/230E, Audi 100, and Jaguar XJ6, emphasizing sportiness and driver engagement.

Selling Points:

Rear-wheel drive, balanced chassis, refined interior, strong build quality, fuel-efficient engine for its class, driver-focused ergonomics.

Value Proposition:

Essential resource for preserving the integrity and performance of a classic BMW. Enables owners to perform complex repairs and maintenance, saving significant dealership costs and maintaining the vehicle's value.

📋 Manual Details

General Coverage:

Full Service and Repair

Estimated Page Count:

Comprehensive (typically 500-1000+ pages for this era and scope)

Type:

Factory Authorized Service Manual / Repair Manual

Language:

English

Format:

Digital (likely PDF, potentially scanned printed pages)

📖 Manual Coverage

Engine Mechanical:

Complete overhaul, diagnosis, timing belt/chain, piston and ring replacement, cylinder head repair, valve train, lubrication system, cooling system.

Fuel System:

Fuel injection system (Bosch L-Jetronic), fuel pump, injectors, pressure regulator, fuel filter, fuel lines, emission controls.

Ignition System:

Ignition coil, distributor, spark plugs, ignition timing, electronic control unit (ECU) diagnostics.

Transmission:

Manual transmission (Getrag 260/5) overhaul and repair, clutch system, automatic transmission (optional ZF 4HP22) diagnosis and service.

Drivetrain:

Driveshaft, universal joints, rear axle assembly, differential service and repair, half-shafts.

Suspension:

Front and rear suspension components, shock absorbers, struts, springs, control arms, bushings, alignment specifications.

Steering:

Power steering system, steering rack, tie rods, steering column, steering wheel removal and installation.

Brakes:

Front and rear disc brakes, brake calipers, pads, rotors, master cylinder, brake lines, parking brake system, ABS (if equipped).

Electrical System:

Full wiring diagrams, battery, alternator, starter motor, fuses, relays, lighting system, horn, power windows, central locking.

HVAC:

Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning system diagnosis and repair, blower motor, heater core, A/C compressor, refrigerant system.

Body And Chassis:

Body panel repair, door mechanisms, interior trim, glass replacement, rust prevention and repair, chassis components.

Diagnostics:

Troubleshooting guides, fault code interpretation (OBD I era), diagnostic procedures for all major systems.

Routine Maintenance:

Oil and filter changes, spark plug replacement, air filter replacement, coolant checks, brake fluid checks, general inspection points.

Major Repairs:

Engine rebuilds, transmission rebuilds, suspension component replacement, brake system overhauls, electrical component repairs.

Troubleshooting:

Step-by-step diagnostic flowcharts for common and uncommon issues across all vehicle systems.

Special Tools:

Identification and usage instructions for specialized BMW tools required for specific repairs.

Technical Specifications:

Torque specifications, fluid capacities, alignment settings, engine data, electrical system parameters.

Depth:

Comprehensive: Covers everything from basic owner maintenance to full engine and transmission rebuilds. Suitable for professional mechanics and advanced DIY enthusiasts.

📊 Manual Specifications

Digital Quality:

High-resolution scans, searchable text (if OCR'd), clear diagrams and illustrations.

Printing Recommendation:

Recommended for printing in sections for ease of use in a workshop environment.

Binding Type Physical:

Spiral-bound or comb-bound recommended for lay-flat use if printed.

Paper Recommendation:

Durable paper stock suitable for workshop conditions.

⚙️ Engine Specifications

Engine Type:

Inline 4-cylinder, naturally aspirated

Engine Code:

M10B18

Displacement:

1.8 Liters (1766 cc)

Horsepower:

99 hp (74 kW) at 5800 rpm (approximate for European spec)

Torque:

103 lb-ft (140 Nm) at 3700 rpm (approximate for European spec)

Injection System:

Bosch L-Jetronic (Fuel Injection)

Fuel Type:

Unleaded gasoline

Cooling Type:

Liquid-cooled

Oil Capacity With Filter:

4.5 Liters (approx.)

🔧 Transmission

Type:

5-speed Manual (Getrag 260/5)

Type:

4-speed Automatic (ZF 4HP22)

Clutch Type:

Single dry plate, hydraulically operated

Manual Transmission Fluid:

BMW MTF LT-2 or equivalent (e.g., Castrol TAF-X 75W-90)

Automatic Transmission Fluid:

Dexron II or equivalent

📐 Dimensions

Length:

4700 mm (approx.)

Width:

1700 mm (approx.)

Height:

1410 mm (approx.)

Curb Weight:

1350 kg (approx.)

Gross Vehicle Weight:

1850 kg (approx.)

🛡️ Safety Features

Crash Test Data:

Limited data available for this era, but known for robust chassis and safety cell construction.

ABS:

Optional Anti-lock Braking System (ABS) available on some models.

Seat Belts:

Three-point inertia reel seat belts in front and rear.

Structural Integrity:

Reinforced passenger cell, crumple zones front and rear, integrated roll-over protection.

💡 Technology Features

Audio System:

Factory fitted AM/FM stereo cassette player, often with optional premium sound system by Blaupunkt or Becker.

Climate Control:

Manual or automatic climate control system depending on trim level.

Cruise Control:

Optional cruise control system available.

Analog Systems:

Vehicle systems are largely mechanical and analog, with basic electronic control for fuel injection and ignition.

🔧 Maintenance

Oil Change Interval:

Typically every 10,000-15,000 km or annually, whichever comes first (refer to manual for exact specification).

Spark Plug Replacement:

Approximately every 30,000-40,000 km.

Coolant Flush:

Every 2-3 years or 40,000-60,000 km.

Engine Oil Grade:

SAE 15W-40 or 10W-40 (API SG or higher) recommended for moderate climates. Consult manual for specific recommendations.

Coolant Type:

Ethylene glycol-based antifreeze, typically a 50/50 mix with distilled water. BMW Blue or Green coolant.

Brake Fluid Type:

DOT 3 or DOT 4 brake fluid.

Common Failures:

Eccentric shaft sensor failure, cooling system leaks (hose, radiator, water pump), idle control valve issues, fuel distributor diaphragm wear, exhaust manifold cracks, rust in common areas (wheel arches, rocker panels).

Electrical Quirks:

Degradation of wiring insulation over time, fuse box corrosion, intermittent power issues, faulty door lock actuators.

Front Suspension:

Replacement of control arm bushings, ball joints, tie rod ends due to wear and tear.

📚 Vehicle History

Bmw Philosophy:

BMW's 'Ultimate Driving Machine' philosophy was firmly established by the 1980s, emphasizing performance, handling, and driver connection.

E28 Generation:

The E28 platform succeeded the E12 and preceded the E34. It represented a significant modernization in design, technology, and aerodynamics for the 5 Series.

518I Positioning:

The 518i was the smallest engine variant in the E28 lineup, primarily for markets with higher fuel taxes or a preference for economy over outright performance.

Production Years:

E28 production: 1981-1988. 518i specifically produced during this period.

Manufacturing Locations:

Primary manufacturing in Dingolfing, Germany.

🏆 Awards & Recognition

Period Accolades:

While specific awards for the 518i model are scarce, the E28 generation consistently received praise from automotive journalists for its handling, build quality, and overall driving experience.

Consumer Reports:

Consumer reports of the era often highlighted BMW's reliability and driver satisfaction, with the E28 series generally scoring well.