Segment:
Executive Car, Large Family Car
Positioning:
Citroën's flagship model during its production run, known for advanced technology and comfort.
Key Competitors:
Ford Scorpio, Peugeot 605, BMW 5 Series (E34/E39), Mercedes-Benz E-Class (W124/W210), Audi 100/A6 (C3/C4).
Unique Selling Points:
Hydropneumatic suspension, innovative styling, comfortable and spacious interior, advanced electronic features for its era.
Engine Variants:
Petrol (various displacements) and Diesel (various displacements)
Transmission Variants:
Manual and Automatic Transmissions
Body Styles:
Hatchback (5-door Liftback)
Approximate Page Count:
700+
Manual Type:
Workshop Service Repair Manual
Format:
Digital (likely PDF, searchable)
Powertrain:
Engine mechanical, fuel injection, ignition, exhaust, cooling, lubrication, engine management systems.
Transmission Drivetrain:
Manual and automatic transmission repair, clutch, driveshafts, differential, AWD systems (if applicable).
Suspension Steering:
Hydropneumatic suspension (Hydractive/Hydractive 3), steering system, power steering, wheel alignment.
Brakes:
Brake system hydraulics, ABS, disc/drum brake component repair and replacement.
Electrical Electronics:
Wiring diagrams, lighting, starting and charging systems, instrumentation, ECUs, sensors, body electricals.
Climate Control:
HVAC system diagnosis and repair, air conditioning.
Body Chassis:
Body panels, doors, glass, interior trim, structural components, rust prevention.
Chassis Components:
Wheel bearings, suspension arms, mounting points, exhaust system.
Safety Systems:
Detailed coverage of ABS and airbag systems, including sensor calibration and troubleshooting.
Maintenance:
Scheduled maintenance, oil changes, filter replacements, fluid checks, tune-ups, belt replacement.
Diagnostics:
Troubleshooting guides, diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs), symptom-based diagnosis.
Repair Rebuild:
Step-by-step repair procedures for all major mechanical and electrical components, engine rebuilds, transmission overhauls.
Technical Data:
Torque specifications, clearances, engine timing, diagnostic data, specifications for all components.
Body And Paint:
Repair procedures for body panels, rust repair, glass replacement, interior trim fitting.
Wiring Diagrams:
Detailed wiring schematics for all electrical systems, including engine, body, lighting, and instruments.
Depth:
Comprehensive, covering basic to advanced repairs and diagnostics suitable for professional technicians and experienced DIY enthusiasts.
Diagnostic Tools:
Information on specific diagnostic tools and procedures used by Citroën technicians, including fault code retrieval.
Petrol Engine Options:
2.0i (XM 'S'), 2.0 Turbo (XM 'SX'), 3.0 V6 (XM 'V6', 'V6 Exclusive'), 2.9 V6 24v (XM V6.24)
Diesel Engine Options:
2.1 TD (Turbodiesel), 2.5 TD (Turbodiesel)
2.0I (1998Cc):
Approx. 130 PS (96 kW), 170 Nm torque
3.0 V6 (2963Cc):
Approx. 167-190 PS (123-140 kW), 235-270 Nm torque
2.1 Td (2088Cc):
Approx. 110 PS (81 kW), 245 Nm torque
2.5 Td (2500Cc):
Approx. 130 PS (96 kW), 285 Nm torque
V6 24V (2946Cc):
Approx. 200 PS (147 kW), 272 Nm torque
Petrol Fuel System:
Multi-point fuel injection (MPFI)
Diesel Fuel System:
Direct injection with turbocharger and intercooler
Infotainment System:
Cassette/CD player with radio, often with steering wheel controls. Early models featured analog displays, later models offered digital displays and multi-function displays (MFD).
Driver Assistance Features:
Cruise control, automatic climate control, variable assist power steering, automatic wiper and headlight activation (on higher trims).
Connectivity Options:
Limited by era. Basic connectivity for diagnostics via OBD-II (later models) or proprietary Citroën diagnostic ports.
Oil Change Interval:
Typically 7,500-15,000 miles (12,000-24,000 km) or 12 months, depending on engine and oil type. Refer to manual for specific intervals.
Major Service Intervals:
Timing belt replacement usually recommended every 60,000-100,000 miles (96,000-160,000 km) or 5-7 years for petrol engines. Diesel timing belt intervals may differ. Check manual for specific engine.
Suspension Fluid:
LHM Plus (Citroën Hydraulic Fluid) for the hydropneumatic suspension.
Engine Oil:
API SG/SH or ACEA A2/A3, viscosity grade dependent on climate (e.g., 10W-40, 15W-50). Refer to manual for exact specifications.
Transmission Fluid Auto:
Dexron III or equivalent for ZF automatic transmissions.
Coolant:
Ethylene glycol-based antifreeze, typically a 50/50 mix with distilled water. Refer to manual for specific type (e.g., PSA approved).
Brake Fluid:
DOT 3 or DOT 4, check manual for specific type and replacement interval.
Hydropneumatic Suspension:
Leaking spheres, worn hydraulic pumps, pipe leaks, ride height corrector issues.
Electronics:
Early models can suffer from complex electronic control unit (ECU) issues, sensor failures, and wiring harness degradation. Multifunction display (MFD) problems.
Engine Management:
Idle control issues, sensor failures (e.g., crankshaft position sensor), ignition coil problems on V6 models.
Diesel Engines:
Glow plug issues, injector pump problems, turbocharger wear.
Bodywork:
Rust on sills, wheel arches, and around the rear screen due to drainage issues. Door seal degradation.
Citroen Innovation:
Citroën has a long history of pioneering automotive technology, particularly in suspension systems (e.g., DS, GS) and aerodynamic design.
X Evolution:
The XM was the successor to the Citroën CX and was designed to be a technologically advanced and comfortable executive car. It featured an evolution of the hydropneumatic suspension, known as Hydractive, which offered adjustable ride characteristics. A significant facelift occurred around 1994 (Y4 generation) with styling tweaks and upgrades to the suspension and electronics.
Production Years:
1989-2001
Manufacturing Location:
Citroën plants in France (e.g., Rennes-la-Janais).
