🏷️ Basic Information

Make:

Harley-Davidson

Model:

Softail

Model Variant:

FLST, FXST (All Models)

Year:

1997-1998

Chassis Code Prefix:

1HD1

Engine Code Prefix:

Various based on displacement and configuration

👋 Introduction

Market Segment:

Cruiser Motorcycle

Brand Positioning:

Iconic American V-twin cruiser, known for its distinctive styling, torque, and customization potential.

Competitors 1997 1998:

Primarily other Harley-Davidson models, but also models from Indian, Victory (emerging), and select Japanese cruisers like Yamaha Road Star and Honda Shadow (though often in different size categories or with different philosophies).

Softail Platform:

Hidden rear suspension, mimicking the look of a hardtail frame while providing rider comfort.

Engine Architecture:

Evolution (Evo) V-twin engine, a highly regarded and robust platform for Harley-Davidson.

Customization Focus:

Designed for personalization and a wide range of aftermarket accessories and modifications.

📋 Manual Details

Coverage Scope:

All Models & All Repairs A-Z

Estimated Page Count:

Extensive (typically 800-1200+ pages for this era of Harley-Davidson service manuals)

Manual Type:

Service Repair Workshop Manual

Language:

English

Format:

Likely printed (original OEM) or high-quality reproduction. If digital, usually PDF.

📖 Manual Coverage

Engine:

Complete disassembly, assembly, inspection, and repair of all engine components including cylinders, pistons, crankshaft, camshafts, valve train, oil pump, ignition system, carburetor/fuel injection.

Transmission:

Disassembly, assembly, inspection, and repair of the 5-speed gearbox, clutch, primary drive, and secondary drive (belt/chain).

Electrical System:

Wiring diagrams, troubleshooting, component testing, starter, charging system, lighting, ignition, instruments, switches, and accessories.

Frame And Suspension:

Frame inspection and repair, front fork service (including oil changes and seal replacement), rear shock absorber service and replacement, wheel bearing inspection and replacement.

Brakes:

Front and rear brake system service, including hydraulic lines, master cylinders, calipers, pads, rotors, and bleeding procedures.

Fuel System:

Carburetor (e.g., Keihin CV) overhaul, adjustment, and tuning; fuel tank service; fuel lines; fuel pump (if applicable).

Exhaust System:

Exhaust pipe and muffler inspection, repair, and replacement.

Bodywork And Trim:

Fender removal/installation, tank mounting, seat service, control levers, mirrors, and accessory installation.

Routine Maintenance:

Oil and filter changes, spark plug replacement, air filter cleaning/replacement, brake fluid flush, clutch adjustment, chain adjustment (if applicable).

Troubleshooting:

Diagnostic procedures for common and uncommon issues related to engine, electrical, and mechanical systems.

Component Rebuild:

Detailed step-by-step instructions for overhauling and rebuilding major components like engines, transmissions, and carburetors.

Special Tool Usage:

Identification and usage instructions for specialized tools required for specific repair procedures.

Torque Specifications:

Precise torque values for all fasteners to ensure proper assembly and prevent damage.

Technical Bulletins And Updates:

May include OEM service bulletins or common modifications for the specified years.

Depth:

Comprehensive, from basic adjustments to complete engine and transmission rebuilds, including electrical diagnostics and schematics.

📊 Manual Specifications

Digital Format:

PDF (if digital copy)

Print Quality:

High-resolution scans of original manual, ensuring legibility of text and diagrams (if printed reproduction).

Binding Type:

Perfect bound or coil bound (for printed copies) to lay flat during use.

Paper Type:

Durable, high-quality paper suitable for workshop environments (if printed).

⚙️ Engine Specifications

Engine Type:

Air-cooled, 45-degree V-twin, four-stroke

Engine Family:

Evolution (Evo) Engine

Displacement:

Commonly 80 cubic inches (1337cc). Some models may have 1200cc (74ci) variants depending on specific FLST/FXST sub-models.

Bore X Stroke:

For 80ci: 3.500 in x 4.250 in (88.9 mm x 108.0 mm)

Compression Ratio:

Typically around 8.8:1 for stock 80ci Evo engines.

Cylinder Heads:

Aluminum alloy

Valvetrain:

Overhead Valve (OHV), 2 valves per cylinder, pushrod actuated.

Horsepower Estimate:

Approximately 60-65 HP (varies with tuning and exhaust).

Torque Estimate:

Approximately 70-75 ft-lbs at 3200 RPM (varies with tuning).

Fuel Delivery:

Carbureted (most common: Keihin CV 40mm). Some later 1998 models might have had early fuel injection systems, but carburetors are standard for this manual's core coverage.

Fuel Type:

Unleaded gasoline, 91+ octane recommended

Ignition Type:

Electronic ignition with single fire or dual fire coil.

Oil Type:

Harley-Davidson recommends specific motorcycle-specific oil. SAE 20W50 is common for air-cooled V-twins of this era. See manual for exact specifications.

Oil Capacity:

Approximately 3.5 US quarts (3.3 liters) with filter change. Refer to manual for precise capacity.

🔧 Transmission

Transmission Type:

5-speed constant mesh, sequential manual

Clutch Type:

Wet, multi-plate

Primary Drive:

Chain drive (enclosed in oil bath) connecting crankshaft to clutch.

Secondary Drive:

Belt drive (most common) or chain drive, depending on specific model variant.

Gear Ratios:

Specific ratios will be detailed in the manual, typically 5 forward gears.

Transmission Fluid:

Harley-Davidson primary chaincase lubricant or equivalent. See manual for specific part numbers and specifications.

📐 Dimensions

Wheelbase:

Approx. 63.5 inches (1613 mm), varies slightly by specific FLST/FXST model.

Length:

Approx. 91.0 inches (2311 mm), varies slightly.

Dry Weight:

Approx. 600-650 lbs (272-295 kg) depending on specific model and options.

Gross Vehicle Weight Rating:

Typically around 950-1000 lbs (431-453 kg).

Front Wheel Size:

Typically 16-inch or 19-inch, depending on specific model (e.g., FLSTC often 16", FXST often 21" or 19").

Rear Wheel Size:

Typically 16-inch.

Front Tire Size:

Varies by wheel size, e.g., MT90-16, MH90-21.

Rear Tire Size:

Typically MU85B16.

Bolt Pattern:

Wheel bolt pattern is proprietary to Harley-Davidson, typically 5 x 4.5 inches (114.3mm) for rear wheels, and specific mounting for front wheels/hubs.

🛡️ Safety Features

Safety Ratings:

Motorcycles of this era were not subject to standardized crash test ratings like automobiles. Safety features are inherent to design and rider responsibility.

Braking System:

Dual disc front brakes, single disc rear brake with hydraulic actuation. ABS was not a common feature in 1997-1998.

Lighting:

Halogen headlamp, taillight, stoplight, turn signals, and auxiliary lighting (on some models like FLSTC).

Frame Construction:

Steel cradle frame designed for stability and rigidity.

Rider Controls:

Ergonomic handlebar and seating position designed for rider control and comfort.

💡 Technology Features

Infotainment System:

Minimal to non-existent. These models typically featured analog instrumentation (speedometer, tachometer optional, fuel gauge, oil pressure light). No integrated infotainment systems.

Driver Assistance Features:

None. Focus is on rider control and mechanical operation.

Connectivity Features:

None.

Engine Control:

Carburetor with mechanical throttle control. Electronic ignition module manages spark timing.

🔧 Maintenance

Initial Service:

First service typically around 1,000 miles (1600 km).

Subsequent Services:

Routine services (oil changes, checks) every 5,000 miles (8,000 km). More in-depth services every 10,000 or 20,000 miles, including spark plugs, transmission fluid, brake fluid, belt inspection, etc. Consult manual for precise schedule.

Engine Oil:

Harley-Davidson 20W50 Motorcycle Oil or equivalent SAE 20W50 API CI-4 or higher.

Primary Chaincase Oil:

Harley-Davidson Primary Chaincase Lubricant or equivalent.

Transmission Oil:

Harley-Davidson Transmission Lubricant or SAE 80W-90 API GL-5 gear oil.

Brake Fluid:

DOT 4 or DOT 5.1 (check reservoir cap or manual, DOT 5 silicone fluid was also used historically, but incompatible with DOT 4/5.1).

Fork Oil:

Harley-Davidson Fork Oil or equivalent (e.g., Bel-Ray 10W).

Oil Leaks:

Common for older Evo engines to develop minor leaks from primary cover, transmission, or engine case gaskets. Crankshaft seal leaks can occur.

Carburetor Issues:

Keihin CV carburetors can be sensitive to altitude, temperature, and require periodic cleaning and adjustment. Accelerator pump issues can cause hesitation.

Electrical Connections:

Corrosion or looseness in electrical connectors, especially around the voltage regulator and stator, can lead to charging system issues.

Belt Drive Tension:

Belt tension needs regular checking and adjustment to prevent premature wear or slippage.

Cam Chain Tensioner:

Stock hydraulic cam chain tensioners on Evo Big Twins can wear out, leading to noise and potential damage if not replaced. Upgraded kits are available.

Rear Wheel Bearings:

Rear wheel bearings are a known wear item and require periodic inspection and replacement.

📚 Vehicle History

Brand Founding:

Harley-Davidson Motor Company founded in 1903 in Milwaukee, Wisconsin.

Iconic Status:

Long-standing reputation for building American V-twin motorcycles with a strong cultural following.

Softail Introduction:

The Softail platform was first introduced in 1983 with the FXST Softail Standard, featuring a revolutionary hidden rear suspension design.

Evolution Engine:

The Evolution (or 'Evo') engine, introduced in 1984 for Sportster and 1984 for Big Twins, became the dominant engine platform, known for its reliability and improved performance over Shovelhead and Ironhead engines.

1997-1998 Context:

These model years represent a mature stage of the Evo Big Twin platform, with continuous refinements and a wide array of Softail variants (FLSTF Fat Boy, FLSTC Classic, FXST Softail Standard, FXSTS Springer Softail, etc.) offering different styling and features within the Softail family.

Production Location:

Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA (primary assembly)

🏆 Awards & Recognition

Model Awards:

While specific awards for individual model years are rare for Harley-Davidson cruisers, the Softail platform and the Evolution engine have consistently been recognized within the motorcycling community for their design, performance, and cultural impact.

Owner Satisfaction:

High owner satisfaction ratings are common for Harley-Davidson motorcycles of this era, largely due to brand loyalty, customization options, and the distinctive riding experience.