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            Manual Coverage
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            Systems Covered
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            Powertrain:
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            Engine, Hybrid System, Transmission
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            Chassis:
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            Suspension, Steering, Brakes
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            Electrical:
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            Charging System, Starting System, Lighting, Body Electrical, Hybrid Control Modules
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            Body And Frame:
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            Body Panels, Doors, Interior Trim, Safety Structures
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            HVAC:
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            Heating, Ventilation, Air Conditioning
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            Hybrid Specific:
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            High-Voltage Battery, Electric Motor, Power Control Unit, Regenerative Braking
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            Procedures Included
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            Scheduled Maintenance:
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            Oil changes, filter replacements, inspections
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            Engine Repair:
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            Overhaul, component replacement (pistons, valves, bearings)
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            Hybrid Component Service:
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            Battery pack testing and replacement, motor assembly, power inverter repair
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            Transmission Service:
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            Fluid changes, internal component diagnosis and repair
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            Brake System Repair:
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            Pad and rotor replacement, caliper overhaul, bleeding procedures
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            Electrical Troubleshooting:
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            Wiring diagrams, diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs), component testing
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            Suspension And Steering Alignment:
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            Component replacement, alignment procedures
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            Diagnostic Procedures:
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            Step-by-step guides for identifying and resolving issues
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            Technical Depth
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            Depth:
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            Comprehensive (suitable for professional technicians and advanced DIYers)
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            Diagnostic Charts:
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            Included
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            Torque Specifications:
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            Detailed for all major components
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            Wiring Diagrams:
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            Full electrical schematics
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            Special Tools:
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            Identification and usage of necessary special tools
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            Engine Specifications
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            Primary Engine
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            Engine Code:
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            G4LD (2.0L Nu MPI Hybrid)
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            Engine Type:
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            Inline 4-cylinder, Atkinson Cycle
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            Displacement:
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            1999 cc (2.0 Liters)
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            Bore X Stroke:
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            81.0 mm x 97.0 mm
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            Compression Ratio:
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            13.0:1
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            Performance
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            Combined Horsepower:
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            202 hp (151 kW)
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            Gasoline Engine Horsepower:
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            158 hp @ 6,000 rpm
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            Electric Motor Horsepower:
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            51 hp
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            Combined Torque:
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            232 lb-ft (315 Nm) (estimate, combined torque figures can vary)
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            Fuel System
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            Fuel Delivery:
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            Multi-Point Fuel Injection (MPI) with Hybrid Synergy Drive
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            Fuel Type:
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            Unleaded Gasoline
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            Fuel Tank Capacity:
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            17.4 gallons
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            Hybrid System
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            Hybrid System Name:
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            Hybrid System
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            High Voltage Battery Type:
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            Lithium Polymer (Li-Polymer)
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            High Voltage Battery Capacity:
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            Approximately 1.6 kWh
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            Safety Features
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            Ratings
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            NHTSA Overall Rating:
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            5-Star (for 2016 Optima, hybrid variant typically shares ratings)
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            IIHS Top Safety Pick:
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            Yes (for standard Optima, depends on specific options)
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            Active Features
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            ABS:
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            Anti-lock Braking System
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            Esc:
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            Electronic Stability Control
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            Traction Control:
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            Yes
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            Forward Collision Warning:
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            Available (on higher trims)
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            Blind Spot Monitoring:
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            Available
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            Rear Cross Traffic Alert:
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            Available
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            Passive Features
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            Airbags:
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            Front, side, curtain airbags
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            Seatbelts:
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            3-point with pretensioners
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            Technology Features
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            Infotainment
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            System Name:
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            UVO Infotainment System (UVO eServices)
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            Display Size:
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            Typically 7 or 8 inches (depending on trim)
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            Features:
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            Touchscreen, Bluetooth, USB, Aux input, Satellite Radio, Navigation (optional)
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            Driver Assistance
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            Adaptive Cruise Control:
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            Available
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            Lane Departure Warning:
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            Available
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            Automatic Emergency Braking:
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            Available (often bundled with FCW)
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            Connectivity
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            Smartphone Integration:
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            Basic functionality through Bluetooth/USB, no Apple CarPlay/Android Auto in this model year.
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            Uvio Eservices:
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            Remote diagnostics, emergency assistance, vehicle tracking.
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            Maintenance
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            Service Intervals
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            Oil Change Interval:
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            Typically 7,500 miles or 12 months (refer to manual for specific conditions)
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            Tire Rotation:
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            Every 7,500 miles
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            Cabin Air Filter:
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            Every 15,000 miles or 12 months
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            Engine Air Filter:
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            Every 30,000 miles
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            Hybrid Battery Check:
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            As per manual diagnostics, generally requires specific service if issues arise.
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            Fluid Specifications
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            Engine Oil Type:
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            SAE 0W-20 API SN / ILSAC GF-5 (Synthetic)
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            Engine Oil Capacity:
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            Approx. 4.8 quarts (4.5 Liters) with filter
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            Coolant Type:
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            Hyundai/Kia Long Life Coolant (Blue) or equivalent (Ethylene Glycol based)
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            Transmission Fluid Type:
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            Kia Genuine ATF SP-IV or equivalent (Specific hybrid transmission fluid, refer to manual)
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            Brake Fluid Type:
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            DOT 3 or DOT 4
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            Known Issues
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            Hybrid Battery Degradation:
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            Potential for reduced capacity over time (common in all hybrids).
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            Transmission Hesitation:
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            Occasional reports of minor hesitation or rough shifts.
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            Infotainment System Glitches:
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            Minor software-related issues can occur.
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            Engine Oil Consumption:
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            Rare cases, but some 2.0L Theta engines can exhibit higher than normal consumption.
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