Market Position:
The BMW 316 (E30) represented BMW's entry-level offering in the highly competitive compact executive sedan and coupe market of the 1980s. It provided a more accessible yet still premium driving experience compared to its 320i, 323i, and later 325i siblings.
Competitive Analysis:
Competed directly with models like the Mercedes-Benz 190E, Audi 80/90, Alfa Romeo 75, and Jaguar XJ-S variants (depending on market and body style). The E30 platform was lauded for its sporty handling and build quality.
Key Features:
Rear-wheel drive chassis, balanced weight distribution, independent rear suspension (IRS), durable M10 engine, and the characteristic BMW driving dynamics. The 316 was often equipped with a 4-speed or 5-speed manual transmission.
Target Audience:
BMW owners, independent repair shops, and automotive enthusiasts seeking to perform maintenance and repairs on their 1983-1988 BMW 316 (E30).
Systems Covered:
Engine mechanical (M10B18, including cylinder head, block, pistons, crankshaft, camshaft), fuel system (carbureted and early K-Jetronic injection for some variants), ignition system, cooling system, exhaust system, lubrication system, clutch, manual transmission, driveshaft, differential, suspension (front strut, rear semi-trailing arm), steering system, brakes (front disc, rear drum/disc depending on market), electrical system (wiring diagrams, component testing, starter, alternator, lighting, instruments), bodywork and trim, interior components, heating and ventilation.
Procedures Included:
Routine maintenance (oil changes, filter replacements, spark plugs, ignition timing), tune-up procedures, engine diagnostics and repair, transmission removal and installation, clutch replacement, brake system overhaul, suspension component replacement, steering system repair, electrical troubleshooting, body panel repair, heating system servicing.
Procedures Included Additional:
Engine compression testing, valve clearance adjustment, timing belt/chain inspection and replacement (where applicable, though M10 uses a chain), fuel injector testing (K-Jetronic), basic ECU diagnostics (where applicable).
Technical Depth:
Detailed diagnostic procedures, specifications for clearances, torque values, timing marks, component testing methods, overhaul instructions for major assemblies, comprehensive wiring diagrams with component identification.
Technical Depth Specific:
Detailed specifications for internal engine component clearances (e.g., bearing clearances, piston ring gaps), valve timing specifications, fuel pressure regulation details (K-Jetronic), and electrical component resistance/voltage checks.
File Format:
Searchable PDF
Print Quality:
High-resolution scans of original factory documentation
Binding Type:
N/A (Digital format)
Paper Type:
N/A (Digital format)
Manual Completeness:
This is a comprehensive service and repair manual, not an owner's manual or condensed guide. It aims for factory-level detail.
Usability:
Indexed and cross-referenced for ease of navigation, featuring step-by-step instructions and clear diagnostic flowcharts.
Engine Type:
Inline-4, SOHC
Displacement:
1.8 Liters (1766 cc)
Bore X Stroke:
89.0 mm x 71.0 mm
Compression Ratio:
8.3:1 to 9.5:1 (depending on specific variant)
Horsepower Range:
88 hp to 102 hp (DIN)
Torque Range:
130 Nm to 140 Nm (approx.)
Fuel System Type:
Stromberg 175 CD-2 twin-choke carburetor (early models) or Bosch K-Jetronic fuel injection (later or specific market models)
Recommended Fuel:
Unleaded gasoline (91 AKI / 95 RON)
Oil Capacity W Filter:
4.0 Liters (4.2 US Quarts)
Coolant Capacity:
6.5 Liters (6.9 US Quarts)
Engine Management System:
Ignition points and condenser (carbureted) or electronic ignition control (K-Jetronic variations)
Transmission Type Standard:
4-speed Manual (Getrag 245)
Transmission Type Optional:
5-speed Manual (Getrag 260/5) or 3-speed Automatic (ZF 4HP22)
Clutch Type:
Single dry plate, hydraulically operated
Transmission Fluid Type:
MTF LT-2 or equivalent (manual), Dexron III/VI (automatic)
Crash Test Ratings:
No formal NHTSA/Euro NCAP ratings for this era, but the E30 chassis was known for robust construction.
Active Features:
Four-wheel disc brakes (on some models/markets), limited-slip differential (optional on higher trims, rare on 316).
Passive Features:
Seat belts (front and rear), padded dashboard, energy-absorbing steering column.
Infotainment System:
Basic AM/FM radio with cassette player, optional amplifier and equalizer units.
Driver Assistance Features:
Limited; ABS was optional or standard on higher trims/later models, but not common on the 316.
Lighting Type:
Halogen headlights (sealed beam or composite depending on market and facelift)
Oil Change Interval:
Every 7,500 - 10,000 miles (12,000 - 16,000 km) or annually, whichever comes first.
Spark Plug Replacement:
Every 20,000 - 30,000 miles (32,000 - 48,000 km).
Coolant Flush Interval:
Every 2-3 years or 30,000 - 50,000 miles.
Engine Oil Specification:
API SG/SH or ACEA A2/A3 rated oil, SAE 10W-40 or 15W-50 (depending on climate)
Coolant Specification:
BMW antifreeze/coolant concentrate mixed with distilled water (50/50 ratio), ethylene glycol-based.
Brake Fluid Specification:
DOT 4 (or DOT 3 if specified by original equipment)
Transmission Fluid Type Manual:
Hypoid Gear Oil SAE 75W-90 API GL-4
Power Steering Fluid:
ATF Dexron II or III
Known Issues:
Corrosion (wheel arches, jacking points, battery tray), fuel distributor leaks (K-Jetronic), coolant system leaks (hose deterioration, plastic expansion tank), fuel tank sender unit failure, door handle microswitches failure, vacuum hose deterioration leading to idle issues, rear axle mount cracks (in rare cases), heater control valve failure.
Maintenance Focus:
Regular inspection of rubber components (hoses, belts, bushings), rust prevention, and diligent fluid level checks are crucial for longevity.
Brand Heritage:
BMW, established in 1916, has a long history of producing high-performance vehicles with a focus on driving pleasure and engineering excellence. The 'Ultimate Driving Machine' philosophy was firmly established by the time of the E30.
Model Evolution:
The E30 generation, launched in 1982, was the second generation of the 3 Series. It evolved from the popular E21 and introduced a more modern design, improved aerodynamics, and a revised suspension system, including the introduction of independent rear suspension across the range.
Production Years:
1982-1994 (E30 platform)
Manufacturing Locations:
Germany (Munich, Dingolfing), South Africa, and Thailand.
Production Volume E30:
Over 2.3 million units produced worldwide across all variants.
Recognitions:
The E30 platform, in general, was highly regarded by automotive journalists for its driving dynamics, with many variants receiving accolades. The 316, as the entry model, offered a taste of this lauded chassis.
Ratings:
Consistently ranked among the best handling cars of its era.
