🏷️ Basic Information

Make:

BMW

Model:

518i

Model Code:

E34

Year:

1990

Engine Code:

M20B18

👋 Introduction

Positioning:

The BMW 518i (E34) was positioned as an entry-level luxury sedan within BMW's executive car segment, offering a blend of performance, comfort, and the brand's renowned driving dynamics.

Competitors:

Competed with models like the Mercedes-Benz W124 E-Class (e.g., 230E), Audi 100, and Jaguar XJ6 in its segment.

Design Philosophy:

Evolved from the successful E28 generation, the E34 featured a more aerodynamic design, improved chassis dynamics, and a focus on driver engagement. The 518i offered a more accessible entry point to the 5 Series experience.

Engine Focus:

The M20 inline-six engine provided a smooth and reliable power delivery, characteristic of BMW's engineering at the time.

Purpose:

This workshop manual is an essential resource for maintaining, diagnosing, and repairing the BMW 518i (E34) model year 1990, providing factory-level information for mechanics and owners.

📋 Manual Details

Engine:

Yes

Transmission:

Yes

Brakes:

Yes

Suspension:

Yes

Electrical System:

Yes

Bodywork:

Yes

HVAC:

Yes

Fuel System:

Yes

Cooling System:

Yes

Exhaust System:

Yes

Troubleshooting:

Yes

Maintenance Schedules:

Yes

Estimated Pages:

500+

Type:

Service and Repair Workshop Manual

Language:

English

Format:

Digital (PDF)

📖 Manual Coverage

Engine Mechanical:

Detailed disassembly, assembly, and overhaul of the M20B18 engine (including cylinder head, block, crankshaft, pistons, connecting rods).

Engine Management:

Bosch Motronic fuel injection and ignition system (ECU testing, sensor diagnostics, injector and ignition coil procedures).

Transmission Manual:

Service and repair of the Getrag 260 5-speed manual gearbox (clutch system, gearbox disassembly, lubrication).

Transmission Automatic:

If applicable, service and repair of the ZF 4HP22 automatic transmission (fluid changes, control systems).

Brake System:

Disc brake overhaul (pads, rotors, calipers), drum brake adjustment (rear), ABS system diagnostics (if equipped).

Suspension Front:

MacPherson strut service, control arm replacement, ball joint inspection, spring and shock absorber replacement.

Suspension Rear:

Semi-trailing arm service, shock absorber replacement, bushing inspection and replacement.

Steering System:

Power steering pump and rack service, steering linkage inspection and replacement.

Electrical Charging:

Alternator testing and replacement, battery service and testing.

Electrical Starting:

Starter motor testing and replacement, ignition switch procedures.

Lighting System:

Headlight aiming, bulb replacement, wiring diagrams for all exterior and interior lights.

Body Electrical:

Wiper system, power windows, door locks, central locking, instrument cluster diagnostics.

HVAC System:

Heater core replacement, blower motor service, air conditioning system servicing (refrigerant, compressor).

Fuel Delivery:

Fuel pump testing and replacement, fuel filter replacement, fuel tank service.

Cooling System:

Radiator service, thermostat replacement, water pump inspection and replacement, coolant specifications.

Exhaust System:

Catalytic converter replacement, muffler and pipe service, gasket replacement.

Routine Maintenance:

Oil and filter changes, spark plug replacement, air filter replacement, belt tensioning.

Engine Rebuild:

Complete engine disassembly, cleaning, inspection, measuring, and reassembly with torque specifications.

Transmission Overhaul:

Step-by-step guide for dismantling and reassembling manual and/or automatic transmissions.

Brake Service:

Pad and rotor replacement, caliper overhaul, brake fluid flush and bleeding procedures.

Suspension Repair:

Replacement of worn bushings, shock absorbers, struts, and control arms.

Electrical Troubleshooting:

Diagnostic procedures for common electrical faults, including wiring diagrams.

Fuel Injection Service:

Injector cleaning and testing, fuel pressure testing, sensor calibration.

Timing Belt Replacement:

Correct procedures for timing belt replacement to avoid engine damage.

Body Panel Alignment:

Procedures for door, hood, and trunk alignment.

Interior Trim Removal:

Guides for removing and refitting interior panels for access.

Depth:

Comprehensive, suitable for professional mechanics and advanced DIY enthusiasts.

Diagnostic Codes:

Includes troubleshooting trees and diagnostic fault codes (DTCs) for engine management.

Torque Specifications:

Detailed torque values for all critical fasteners throughout the vehicle.

Wiring Diagrams:

Full color, system-specific wiring diagrams for all electrical components.

Special Tools:

Lists and descriptions of special tools required for specific repair procedures.

📊 Manual Specifications

File Type:

PDF

Searchable:

Yes (text-searchable content)

Printable:

Yes (allows printing of individual pages or sections)

Resolution:

High-resolution scans ensuring clear diagrams and text.

Binding:

N/A (Digital Format)

Paper:

N/A (Digital Format)

⚙️ Engine Specifications

Engine Type:

Inline-6 Cylinder, 4-stroke

Displacement:

1796 cc (1.8 Liters)

Bore X Stroke:

80.0 mm x 71.0 mm

Compression Ratio:

8.8:1

Valve Train:

SOHC (Single Overhead Camshaft), 2 valves per cylinder

Horsepower:

113 hp @ 5600 rpm (approx.)

Torque:

164 Nm (121 lb-ft) @ 4000 rpm (approx.)

Injection System:

Bosch Motronic ML-3.1 Fuel Injection and Ignition System

Fuel Type:

Unleaded Gasoline (RON 91 or higher)

Coolant Type:

BMW Antifreeze/Coolant (or equivalent ethylene glycol-based coolant)

Oil Capacity:

Approx. 5.0 Liters (with filter) / SAE 10W-40 or 15W-40

Ignition Type:

Electronic Ignition (Distributorless in some later variants, check specific chassis code)

🔧 Transmission

Transmission Type:

Getrag 260 5-speed Manual Transmission

Transmission Type:

ZF 4HP22 4-speed Automatic Transmission

Clutch Type:

Hydraulically operated single dry plate clutch

Manual Fluid Spec:

BMW MTF LT-2 or equivalent manual transmission fluid

Automatic Fluid Spec:

BMW ATF LT-3 or equivalent Dexron III/Mercon ATF

📐 Dimensions

Length:

4710 mm (185.4 in)

Width:

1751 mm (68.9 in)

Height:

1410 mm (55.5 in)

Wheelbase:

2760 mm (108.7 in)

Front Track:

1472 mm (57.9 in)

Rear Track:

1484 mm (58.4 in)

Curb Weight Manual:

Approx. 1450 kg (3197 lbs)

Curb Weight Automatic:

Approx. 1480 kg (3263 lbs)

Gross Vehicle Weight:

Approx. 1950 kg (4299 lbs)

Trunk Volume:

Approx. 500 Liters (17.7 cu ft)

🛡️ Safety Features

Crash Test Info:

While specific 1990 E34 crash test ratings may vary by region, the E34 generation was designed with significant safety advancements for its era, including a more rigid chassis and improved crumple zones.

ABS:

Optional Anti-lock Braking System (ABS)

Traction Control:

Rarely equipped on the 518i, but available on higher trims as ASC+T (Automatic Stability Control and Traction).

Airbags:

Driver's airbag was becoming standard but optional on early models. Passenger airbag not typically available for this model year.

Seatbelts:

Front 3-point inertia-reel seatbelts, rear lap and diagonal seatbelts.

Chassis Design:

Reinforced passenger cell, energy-absorbing steering column.

💡 Technology Features

Audio System:

Factory-installed AM/FM cassette stereo system with optional CD changer. Speaker configurations varied by trim.

Climate Control:

Manual or optional automatic climate control (ACC) with manual or electronic temperature and fan speed adjustments.

Cruise Control:

Standard on most models, operated via a stalk on the steering column.

Phone Integration:

No integrated Bluetooth or smartphone connectivity. Analog car phone systems were available as rare dealer options.

🔧 Maintenance

Oil Change Interval:

Every 10,000 - 15,000 km (6,000 - 9,000 miles) or 12 months, whichever comes first (depending on driving conditions and oil type used).

Air Filter Replacement:

Every 20,000 - 30,000 km (12,000 - 18,000 miles) or 24 months.

Spark Plug Replacement:

Every 40,000 - 60,000 km (24,000 - 36,000 miles) depending on spark plug type (e.g., standard copper vs. platinum).

Coolant Flush:

Every 2-3 years or 40,000-60,000 km.

Brake Fluid Flush:

Every 2 years.

Engine Oil:

SAE 10W-40 or 15W-40 (API SG or higher). Refer to manual for specific BMW approvals.

Coolant:

BMW Antifreeze/Coolant or equivalent ethylene glycol-based coolant with corrosion inhibitors (typically 50/50 mix with distilled water).

Brake Fluid:

DOT 3 or DOT 4 brake fluid.

Cooling System Leaks:

Common issues include plastic radiator end tanks cracking, hose degradation, and water pump leaks. The M20 engine can be prone to overheating if maintenance is neglected.

Fuel Injector Issues:

Can suffer from clogged or leaking injectors affecting performance and fuel economy. Requires periodic cleaning or replacement.

Suspension Bushings:

Rubber bushings in the suspension (control arms, trailing arms) can degrade over time, leading to clunking noises and imprecise handling.

Rear Main Seal Leaks:

Oil leaks from the rear main seal are not uncommon on higher mileage M20 engines.

Oil Pan Gasket Leaks:

Degradation of the oil pan gasket can lead to oil leaks.

Wiring Harness Issues:

Aging wiring harnesses can develop cracks or corrosion, leading to intermittent electrical faults.

📚 Vehicle History

Bmw Philosophy:

BMW's long-standing reputation for building sporty, driver-focused luxury sedans is evident in the E34 generation.

E34 Generation:

The E34 was the third generation of BMW's 5 Series, replacing the E28. Introduced in 1987, it was characterized by its more advanced aerodynamics, improved suspension, and refined interior. The 518i served as the entry-level model in many markets.

Production Years:

E34: 1987–1996 (specific 518i variants and engine options varied by market and year).

Manufacturing Locations:

Primarily Dingolfing, Germany.

🏆 Awards & Recognition

Car And Driver Best:

The E34 generation was frequently listed on Car and Driver's '10Best' list in its early years, praising its balance of luxury and performance. The 518i, while less potent, shared in this positive reception of the E34 platform.

Reliability Perception:

Generally perceived as reliable with proper maintenance, though like many cars of its era, specific components require attention.