Era Positioning:
Executive Sedan; represented BMW's entry into the mid-size luxury sedan market with a focus on driving dynamics and build quality.
Competitors:
Mercedes-Benz E-Class (W124), Audi 100/200, Jaguar XJ, Lexus LS400 (later in generation)
Design Philosophy:
Elegant, understated design with a driver-centric cockpit. Emphasis on aerodynamics and build integrity.
Engineering Highlights:
Sophisticated suspension geometry for superior handling, robust chassis, advanced (for the time) engine management.
Powertrain:
Engine (M20B20), Fuel System, Ignition System, Exhaust System, Transmission (Manual & Automatic)
Chassis:
Suspension (Front & Rear), Steering, Brakes (ABS), Drivetrain (RWD)
Electrical:
Wiring Diagrams, Lighting, Instrument Cluster, ECUs, Power Accessories
Body:
Body Panels, Doors, Windows, Seats, Interior Trim
Maintenance:
Oil Changes, Filter Replacements, Spark Plug Service, Belt Inspection/Replacement
Repair:
Engine Overhaul, Transmission Rebuild, Brake System Repair, Suspension Component Replacement, Electrical Diagnosis
Diagnostics:
Troubleshooting guides for common problems, fault code interpretation (where applicable for the era)
Specifications:
Torque values, clearances, fluid capacities, electrical resistance values
Depth:
Comprehensive; suitable for DIY enthusiasts and professional technicians.
Searchable:
Yes (typically for factory PDFs)
Printability:
High (allows printing of full manual or specific pages)
Binding Recommendation:
Coil binding for lay-flat usability
Recommended Paper:
Durable, heavyweight paper for workshop use
Engine Type:
Inline 6-cylinder, Naturally Aspirated
Displacement:
1990 cc (2.0 Liters)
Horsepower:
129 hp @ 5800 rpm
Torque:
174 Nm (128 lb-ft) @ 4300 rpm
Fuel Delivery:
Bosch Motronic (MPI - Multi-Point Fuel Injection)
Fuel Type:
Unleaded Gasoline (Premium)
Ignition System:
Electronic Ignition (Distributorless in later M20 versions, but likely distributor in early E34 520i)
Emission Control:
Catalytic Converter, Lambda Sensor (Oxygen Sensor)
Era Safety Standards:
Conformed to European and US safety standards of the late 1980s. Lacked modern advanced safety features.
ABS:
Anti-lock Braking System (ABS) - Often optional or standard on higher trims, check VIN.
Traction Control:
Traction Control System (ASC/ASC+T) - Not commonly available on the 520i in 1988, more prevalent on later models/higher engines.
Airbags:
Driver-side airbag - Often optional or standard on later production runs of the E34 generation.
Seatbelts:
Three-point inertia-reel seatbelts front and rear.
Body Construction:
Reinforced safety cell, energy-absorbing crumple zones.
Audio System:
Factory cassette player with optional CD changer preparation. Basic radio functions, often with manual tuning and balance/fader controls.
Climate Control:
Manual air conditioning and heating with adjustable fan speed and temperature. Automatic climate control (ECC) was an option on higher trims.
Cruise Control:
Optional on most models, offering basic speed holding.
Original Connectivity:
Limited to optional telephone integration systems, primarily analog.
Oil Change Interval:
Typically every 5,000 - 7,500 miles (8,000 - 12,000 km) or annually, depending on driving conditions and oil used. The manual will provide specific recommendations based on BMW's service indicator system.
Coolant Change Interval:
Every 2 years or as recommended by BMW (check manual for exact interval and fluid type).
Spark Plug Replacement:
Refer to manual for specific type (e.g., copper, platinum) and interval, typically around 30,000 miles.
Engine Oil Type:
API SG or higher, viscosity 10W-40 or 15W-40 recommended. Consult manual for precise BMW specifications.
Engine Oil Capacity:
Approx. 4.5 Liters (4.8 US Quarts) with filter change.
Coolant Type:
Ethylene Glycol based antifreeze (BMW Blue or equivalent).
Transmission Fluid Manual:
API GL-4 or GL-5, SAE 75W-90 gear oil. Consult manual for specific recommendations.
Transmission Fluid Automatic:
Dexron II or equivalent. Refer to manual for exact BMW specification and capacity.
Brake Fluid Type:
DOT 3 or DOT 4.
Common Problems:
Cooling system leaks (hoses, radiator, water pump), VANOS issues (on later M50 engines, not M20), fuel pump failure, ignition module failure, strut mount wear, door seal degradation, EML light (on some models with electronic throttle), rust (wheel arches, rocker panels).
M20 Engine Quirks:
Oil leaks from rear main seal and valve cover gasket, timing belt maintenance is critical, potential for head gasket failure if overheated.
Bmw Legacy:
BMW has a long-standing reputation for producing driver-focused, high-performance vehicles with excellent build quality and engineering.
E34 Introduction:
The E34 generation of the 5 Series was introduced in 1987 as a successor to the E28, bringing a more modern design, improved aerodynamics, and advanced engineering.
E34 Significance:
The E34 marked a significant step forward for BMW, establishing the design language and technological foundation for subsequent generations of the 5 Series.
Production Years:
E34: 1987–1996
Manufacturing Locations:
Germany (Dingolfing), South Africa, and assembly operations in other countries.
