Positioning:
The E34 5 Series was BMW's mid-size luxury sedan, known for its blend of performance, comfort, and advanced engineering for its era. The 520i was typically an entry-level model in many markets.
Competitors:
Competed against vehicles like the Mercedes-Benz W124 E-Class, Audi 100/200, Jaguar XJ, and Volvo 240/740.
Design Philosophy:
Continuation of BMW's 'Ultimate Driving Machine' ethos with a focus on refined handling, powerful inline-six engines (though the 520i featured an inline-four in some markets, the description implies the 520i designation which in Europe often referred to the M20B20 inline-six), and sophisticated chassis dynamics.
Structural Innovation:
The E34 introduced significant aerodynamic improvements and chassis stiffness over its E28 predecessor.
Engine:
M20B20 engine specifications, troubleshooting, overhaul, fuel injection, ignition system, emissions control.
Transmission:
Manual and Automatic transmission service, repair, fluid specifications, troubleshooting.
Drivetrain:
Rear-wheel drive system, driveshaft, differential, axle repairs.
Suspension:
Front and rear suspension components, geometry, adjustments, replacement procedures, shocks, struts, bushings.
Steering:
Power steering system, steering rack, column, troubleshooting.
Brakes:
Hydraulic brake system, ABS (if equipped), disc and drum brake service, pad/shoe replacement, fluid bleeding, caliper/master cylinder overhaul.
Electrical:
Wiring diagrams, component testing, starter, alternator, battery, fuses, relays, lighting system, ignition system, diagnostic procedures.
Body:
Body panel repair, door mechanisms, glass, trim, bumpers, interior components, corrosion prevention.
HVAC:
Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) system service, refrigerant handling, component repair.
Routine Maintenance:
Oil changes, filter replacements, fluid checks and top-offs, spark plug replacement, belt inspections.
Troubleshooting:
Diagnostic flowcharts, symptom-based troubleshooting for common issues, electrical diagnostics.
Engine Repair:
Engine removal/installation, cylinder head overhaul, piston ring replacement, crankshaft/connecting rod service, timing chain/belt service.
Transmission Repair:
Clutch replacement, gearbox overhaul, automatic transmission service, torque converter replacement.
Brake Repair:
Brake caliper rebuilding, master cylinder replacement, parking brake adjustment.
Electrical Diagnostics:
Testing of sensors, actuators, ECUs (Engine Control Units), body control modules.
Suspension And Steering Repair:
Ball joint replacement, tie rod end service, power steering pump replacement.
Bodywork And Interior:
Door hinge lubrication, window regulator repair, dashboard removal.
Depth:
Comprehensive, covering everything from routine maintenance to complete engine and transmission rebuilds. Includes detailed diagnostic procedures and specifications.
Transmission Type:
5-speed Manual (Getrag 260/5)
Transmission Type:
4-speed Automatic (ZF 4HP22)
Manual Gear Ratios:
Refer to manual for specific ratios (typically around 3.71:1 first gear, 1.00:1 fifth gear)
Manual Transmission Fluid:
BMW MTF LT-2 or equivalent GL-4 rated gear oil
Automatic Transmission Fluid:
Dexron II or equivalent ATF
Crash Test Ratings:
Not extensively tested by modern standards. Refer to historical safety publications for specific results. E34 era safety focused on passive restraints.
ABS:
Optional Anti-lock Braking System (ABS)
Traction Control:
Optional ASC (Automatic Stability Control) in later models or certain markets.
Airbags:
Driver's airbag typically standard from mid-production onwards or optional early on. Passenger airbag optional.
Seatbelts:
Three-point inertia-reel seatbelts front and rear.
Chassis Strength:
High-strength steel safety cage construction.
Audio System:
Original BMW Bavaria C business or professional radio/cassette players, optional CD changer in later models.
Display:
Basic OBC (On-Board Computer) for fuel consumption, range, and diagnostics in higher trims. No central infotainment screen.
Cruise Control:
Optional cruise control system.
Parking Assistance:
No factory-fitted parking sensors or cameras.
Phone Integration:
No integrated Bluetooth or smartphone connectivity. Optional early car phone installations.
Oil Change Interval:
Typically 10,000-15,000 km or 1 year (refer to specific manual for precise interval and oil type).
Air Filter Replacement:
Every 30,000-50,000 km or as needed based on operating conditions.
Spark Plug Replacement:
Every 40,000-60,000 km for standard spark plugs; longer for platinum or iridium plugs if fitted.
Coolant Flush:
Every 2-3 years or 40,000-60,000 km.
Engine Oil Specification:
API SG / ACEA A2 or higher, viscosity 10W-40 or 15W-40 (check manual for climate-specific recommendations, e.g., 5W-30 for cold climates).
Coolant Specification:
BMW Coolant Antifreeze (G48) or equivalent silicate-free long-life coolant, mixed 50/50 with distilled water.
Brake Fluid Specification:
DOT 4.
Common Wear Items:
Cooling system components (radiator, hoses, water pump), fuel pump, ignition coil packs (on later M20 variants), front control arm bushings, rear shock mounts, sunroof drains, heater control valves.
Engine Management Issues:
Idle control valve issues, airflow meter problems, fuel injector clogging, vacuum leaks.
Electrical Issues:
Corroded grounds, failing instrument cluster components, burnt wiring at fuse box.
Key Checks:
Regular inspection of all rubber hoses and belts for cracks/wear, checking for coolant leaks, maintaining proper tire pressures.
