Engine Mechanical:
Engine assembly, disassembly, cylinder head, pistons, crankshaft, camshafts, timing, valve train, lubrication system, cooling system, fuel injection (Bosch L-Jetronic/Motronic variants).
Engine Electrical:
Ignition system, starting system, charging system, ECU (Engine Control Unit) operation, sensor testing, wiring diagrams.
Transmission:
Manual and automatic transmission servicing, repair, and troubleshooting. Includes clutch, gearbox internals, torque converter, and hydraulic systems.
Drivetrain:
Driveshaft, differential, axles, wheel bearings, CV joints (if applicable).
Suspension:
Front and rear suspension components, struts, shock absorbers, control arms, bushings, springs, anti-roll bars, steering linkage.
Brakes:
Brake system diagnosis, hydraulic lines, master cylinder, brake boosters, calipers, discs, pads, parking brake, ABS (Anti-lock Braking System) if equipped.
Steering:
Power steering system, steering rack, steering column, pump, hoses, alignment specifications.
Fuel System:
Fuel tank, fuel pump, fuel lines, fuel injectors, fuel pressure regulator, evaporative emissions control.
Exhaust System:
Exhaust manifold, catalytic converter (if applicable), mufflers, pipes, emissions control components.
Electrical System:
Battery, alternator, starter, lighting systems (headlights, taillights, interior), wipers, horn, central locking, power windows, mirrors.
Climate Control:
HVAC (Heating, Ventilation, Air Conditioning) system components, blower motor, heater core, A/C compressor, refrigerant, climate controls.
Body And Interior:
Body panels, doors, hood, trunk, bumpers, trim, interior upholstery, dashboard, seats.
Chassis And Frame:
Frame construction, body mounting, rust prevention measures.
Routine Maintenance:
Oil changes, filter replacements, spark plug replacement, coolant flushes, brake fluid changes, belt inspections and replacement, lubrication points.
Troubleshooting:
Diagnostic procedures for common issues, symptom-based fault finding, testing of electrical components and sensors, diagnostic codes (if applicable).
Major Repairs:
Engine rebuild procedures, transmission overhaul, suspension component replacement, brake caliper rebuilding, differential service.
Electrical Diagnostics:
Wiring diagrams interpretation, continuity testing, voltage drop testing, component testing.
Body Repair:
Panel alignment, rust repair techniques, glass replacement.
Specifications And Tolerances:
Torque values, clearance measurements, alignment angles, engine component clearances.
Depth Of Coverage:
Comprehensive; covers everything from basic maintenance to full engine and transmission rebuilds. Designed for professional technicians but accessible to advanced DIY enthusiasts.
Diagnostic Tools Required:
Standard mechanic's tools, torque wrenches, multimeter, fuel pressure gauge, timing light, potentially specialized BMW diagnostic tools for later models covered by the range.
Oil Change Interval:
Typically every 7,500-10,000 miles (12,000-15,000 km) or 12 months, whichever comes first, depending on driving conditions. Consult manual for specifics.
Spark Plug Replacement:
Intervals vary, often around 30,000 miles (48,000 km).
Coolant Flush:
Every 2-3 years or 30,000-50,000 miles (48,000-80,000 km).
Engine Oil Specification:
API SG/SH, ACEA A2/A3, SAE 10W-40 or 15W-50 (depending on climate). Synthetic oils highly recommended for performance and longevity.
Brake Fluid Specification:
DOT 4
Power Steering Fluid:
BMW Power Steering Fluid or Pentosin CHF 11S (confirm specific type for E24 chassis).
Coolant Specification:
BMW Antifreeze/Coolant (typically ethylene glycol based, mixed 50/50 with distilled water).
Engine M30:
Head gasket leaks, oil seal leaks (crankshaft, valve cover), timing chain tensioner wear, fuel distributor issues, ignition coil failures.
Electrical System:
Wire harness degradation (especially under heat), intermittent issues with fuel pumps, window regulators, dashboard warning lights.
Suspension And Chassis:
Worn control arm bushings, ball joints, subframe mounts, differential mounts, rust in common areas (wheel arches, rocker panels, rear axle mounts).
Transmission:
Manual transmission synchro wear, clutch wear, automatic transmission shudder or failure to engage gears.