Positioning:
Essential technical resource for owners and independent repair shops specializing in classic BMW airhead motorcycles.
Competitors:
Manufacturer service manuals, Haynes, Clymer (this manual aims for professional-level detail often found in OEM manuals).
Features:
Comprehensive coverage of R80, R90, and R100 models from the 1995 era, detailed schematics, clear instructions, and troubleshooting guides.
Primary Coverage:
Service, Repair, Workshop
Estimated Page Count:
High (typically 300+ pages for comprehensive manuals)
Type:
Service and Repair Workshop Manual
Format:
Likely Digital (PDF) for widespread distribution
Engine:
Engine disassembly, assembly, tuning, internal components, lubrication, cooling, fuel delivery (carburetor/injection), ignition system, exhaust system
Transmission:
Gearbox overhaul, clutch service, shaft and gear inspection, lubrication
Drivetrain:
Driveshaft, final drive, wheel bearings, universal joints
Chassis:
Frame inspection and repair, suspension (front and rear), steering system components, wheel alignment
Brakes:
Brake system service (hydraulic), caliper overhaul, master cylinder, brake lines, pads, discs, rear drum (if applicable)
Electrical:
Wiring diagrams, lighting system, battery, charging system (alternator/generator), starter motor, ignition switch, fuses, relays, instrumentation
Bodywork:
Fairings, body panels, seat, fuel tank, fenders, fairing mounting
Maintenance:
Routine checks, oil changes, filter replacements, spark plug servicing, brake fluid changes, gear oil changes, lubrication points
Troubleshooting:
Diagnostic procedures for common faults, fault finding charts, symptom-based troubleshooting
Repair:
Step-by-step repair instructions for all major components and systems
Assembly:
Detailed assembly procedures after disassembly
Disassembly:
Comprehensive instructions for component removal
Depth:
Comprehensive, suitable for professional mechanics and experienced DIY enthusiasts
Diagrams:
Includes exploded views, schematics, and detailed illustrations
๐ Manual Specifications
File Format:
PDF (Portable Document Format) - assumed for digital products
Quality:
High Resolution (essential for readability of diagrams and text)
Binding:
N/A (if digital); Professional binding if printed
Paper:
N/A (if digital); High-quality, durable paper if printed
โ๏ธ Engine Specifications
Type:
Air-cooled, four-stroke, boxer twin-cylinder engine
Displacement R80:
797.5 cc (approx. 800cc)
Displacement R90:
897.1 cc (approx. 900cc)
Displacement R100:
980.0 cc to 1047.2 cc (approx. 1000cc-1047cc)
Bore Stroke R100Gs Typical:
90.0 mm x 75.6 mm (example)
Horsepower R100Gs Approx:
61 hp @ 6,000 rpm (example)
Torque R100Gs Approx:
76 Nm @ 3,500 rpm (example)
Fuel Delivery:
Dual carburetors (e.g., Dell'Orto, Bing) or Bosch Monojetronic Fuel Injection (on later R100 models)
Carburetor Type Example:
Bing 32mm or 40mm (depending on model variant)
Fuel Type:
Unleaded gasoline (premium recommended)
Ignition Type:
Electronic ignition (breakerless distributor or distributorless systems on later models)
Cooling Method:
Air cooling with oil cooling (oil cooler integrated into the engine circuit)
Type:
5-speed manual gearbox, shaft drive
Optional Features:
N/A (typically a single configuration)
Clutch Type:
Dry single-plate clutch
Gear Ratios:
Specific ratios vary by model and are detailed in the manual
Final Drive Ratio:
Specific ratios vary by model and are detailed in the manual
Wheelbase R100Gs Approx:
1430 mm (56.3 in) (example)
Seat Height R100Gs Approx:
850 mm (33.5 in) (example)
Dry Weight R100Gs Approx:
215 kg (474 lbs) (example)
Gross Vehicle Weight Rating Approx:
400 kg (882 lbs) (example)
Crash Test Ratings:
N/A (Motorcycles typically do not undergo standardized crash testing like cars)
Braking System:
Dual front disc brakes, single rear disc brake (most models, ABS optional on some R100 variants)
Lighting:
Halogen headlight, LED tail light (often retrofitted), turn signals
Features:
Basic instrumentation: speedometer, tachometer, odometer, trip meter, indicator lights. No modern infotainment systems.
Features:
Optional ABS (Anti-lock Braking System) on some R100 models. Otherwise, no electronic driver assistance features.
Features:
N/A (No Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, or smartphone integration).
Oil Change Interval:
Typically every 5,000 - 10,000 km (3,000 - 6,000 miles) or annually, as specified in the manual.
Valve Adjustment Interval:
Typically every 10,000 - 20,000 km (6,000 - 12,000 miles), crucial for boxer engine performance.
Spark Plug Replacement:
As per manual, typically every 10,000 - 20,000 km (6,000 - 12,000 miles).
Engine Oil Type:
Multi-grade oil, e.g., SAE 20W-50 or 10W-40, API SG or higher (refer to manual for exact specifications).
Engine Oil Capacity Approx:
3.0 - 3.5 liters (3.2 - 3.7 US qt) with filter change (check manual for specific model).
Transmission Oil Type:
Gear oil, e.g., SAE 75W-90 or 80W-90 GL-5 (refer to manual).
Final Drive Oil Type:
Gear oil, e.g., SAE 80W-90 GL-5 (refer to manual).
Brake Fluid Type:
DOT 4 (refer to manual for specific type and change intervals).
Common Wear Items:
Clutch wear, exhaust header pipe leaks, output shaft seal leaks, worn swingarm bearings, aging electrical connectors, carb synchronization issues.
Engine Specific Issues:
Carbon buildup in cylinders, potential oil consumption with high mileage, timing chain wear (on some earlier models).
Electrical System Issues:
Corrosion on connectors, failing voltage regulator, rectifier issues.
Heritage Summary:
BMW Motorrad has a long history of engineering robust and reliable motorcycles, particularly known for its boxer engines and shaft drive. The R series represents a lineage of durable touring and sport-touring bikes.
Evolution Summary:
The R80, R90, and R100 models are part of BMW's airhead boxer lineage, evolving from earlier R series models. The R100 series, particularly the GS (Gelรคnde/Straรe) adventure models, gained significant popularity for their versatility and ruggedness.
Production Period General:
The R80, R90, and R100 series were produced from the early 1970s through the late 1990s, with the R100 models being more prevalent in the later years leading up to 1995 and beyond. Specific models like the R100GS were produced into the mid-1990s.
๐ Awards & Recognition
Brand Recognition:
BMW is consistently recognized for its engineering quality, durability, and rider comfort, particularly in the touring segment.
Model Reputation:
The R100GS, in particular, is highly regarded as a capable adventure touring motorcycle, often praised for its ability to handle both on-road and off-road conditions with rugged dependability.
Manual Quality:
Certified mechanic-grade information, providing in-depth technical data crucial for accurate repairs and maintenance.
