Model:
180 / 190 / 200 / 210 / 220 SE
Chassis Codes Covered:
W120 (180, 190, 190 SL), W121 (180, 190, 190SL), W105 (190SL), W180 (220a, 220S), W128 (220SEb, 220SE Coupe/Cabriolet)
Engine Codes Covered:
M121 (1.8L, 1.9L, 2.0L I4), M180 (2.2L I6), M127 (2.2L I6)
Historical Context:
This manual covers a critical era of Mercedes-Benz's post-war automotive excellence, focusing on robust, well-engineered sedans, coupes, and cabriolets that defined the brand's reputation for quality and durability.
Brand Philosophy:
These models were positioned as premium, reliable transportation, competing with marques like Jaguar, Rover, and higher-end models from American manufacturers, emphasizing build quality and engineering sophistication.
Vehicle Legacy:
The 180, 190, 200, 210, and 220 SE series represent foundational models in Mercedes-Benz history, evolving from the 'Ponton' era (W120/W121/W105/W180) into the more refined 'Fintail' designs (W110/W111), known for their pioneering safety features and advanced engineering for their time.
Engine Systems:
Engine mechanical (assembly, disassembly, overhaul), fuel system (carburetor/injection, pumps, lines), ignition system, cooling system, exhaust system, lubrication system, engine tuning and diagnostics.
Drivetrain Systems:
Clutch, transmission (manual and automatic), driveshaft, differential, axles, wheel bearings.
Suspension Steering Braking:
Front and rear suspension (independent, swing axle), steering gearbox and linkage, brake system (drum, disc, hydraulics), parking brake.
Electrical Systems:
Wiring diagrams, lighting, ignition switch, starter, alternator, battery, instrumentation, gauges, horn, wipers, radio, auxiliary circuits.
Bodywork Chassis:
Body panel removal and installation, interior trim, door mechanisms, window regulators, convertible top operation, chassis lubrication, corrosion prevention.
Maintenance Procedures:
Regular scheduled maintenance, oil changes, filter replacements, spark plug replacement, valve adjustments, lubrication points, fluid checks and top-offs.
Repair Procedures:
Engine rebuilds, transmission overhauls, brake system repairs, suspension component replacement, electrical component troubleshooting and repair, carburetor/fuel injection adjustment and repair.
Troubleshooting Diagnostics:
Systematic diagnostic charts and flowcharts for identifying and resolving common mechanical and electrical faults.
Depth Of Information:
Detailed step-by-step instructions, torque specifications, timing settings, electrical schematics, exploded views, and special tool requirements for professional-level repairs.
Inline 4 Engine Options:
M121 series: 1.8L (1797cc), 1.9L (1897cc), 2.0L (1988cc) OHV and OHC (later versions) configurations, typically featuring Solex or Zenith carburetors.
Inline 6 Engine Options:
M180 and M127 series: 2.2L (2195cc) SOHC inline-six engines, known for their smoothness and durability. The M127 incorporated Bosch fuel injection in later 220SE models.
Horsepower Range:
Approximately 65 HP (180, 190) to 115 HP (220SE with fuel injection).
Torque Range:
Approximately 90 lb-ft to 130 lb-ft, depending on engine and fuel system.
Fuel Delivery Systems:
Single or dual downdraft carburetors (e.g., Solex 32 PDIT, Zenith 35/40 INAT) for most models; Bosch mechanical fuel injection (MFI) on 220SE models.
Fuel Type:
Unleaded gasoline (lead-free gasoline recommended for engines designed for leaded fuel).
Manual Transmission:
4-speed manual transmission, often column-shifted, known for robust construction.
Automatic Transmission:
Optional 4-speed automatic transmission (e.g., Hydrak automatic clutch on some models, later ZF or Mercedes-Benz automatics).
Clutch Type:
Single dry plate clutch.
Historical Safety Features:
While formal crash ratings were less common, these models featured a robust unibody construction, crumple zones (pioneered by Mercedes-Benz), and padded dashboards, setting benchmarks for their era.
Braking System:
Hydraulically operated drum brakes on all wheels for earlier models; front disc brakes introduced on later 220SE and successor models. Dual-circuit braking system for enhanced safety.
Body Structure:
Reinforced passenger cell, safety glass, padded interior elements.
Original Infotainment:
Period-correct Becker radios were common options, often with push-button tuning and AM/FM reception. Some later models may have had provisions for tape decks.
Early Safety Systems:
Mercedes-Benz pioneered crumple zones, dual-circuit braking, and the safety steering column, all of which were integral to these models, even without modern electronic aids.
Connectivity Features:
None by modern standards; connectivity was limited to basic radio reception.
Oil Change Interval:
Typically every 3,000-5,000 miles (4,800-8,000 km) or 6-12 months, depending on usage and oil quality. Consult manual for specific recommendations.
Tune Up Intervals:
Spark plug replacement, ignition timing checks, and valve adjustments usually recommended every 10,000-15,000 miles (16,000-24,000 km).
Engine Oil Specification:
API SG/SH or equivalent, viscosity typically SAE 20W-50 or 10W-40. Check manual for precise recommendations and seasonal variations.
Coolant Specification:
Ethylene glycol-based antifreeze, mixed 50/50 with distilled water. Capacity varies by model.
Transmission Fluid:
Manual: GL-4 gear oil (e.g., SAE 80W-90). Automatic: DEXRON III or equivalent (check manual for specific type).
Brake Fluid:
DOT 3 or DOT 4 hydraulic brake fluid.
Common Engine Issues:
Carburetor adjustment and wear, oil leaks from seals and gaskets, potential for timing chain wear, cooling system component degradation (hoses, thermostat, water pump).
Common Drivetrain Issues:
Wear in universal joints and driveshaft support bearings, synchromesh wear in manual transmissions, potential leaks from differential seals.
Common Electrical Issues:
Degradation of wiring insulation, contact issues in switches and relays, generator/alternator charging problems, starter motor wear.
Common Body Issues:
Rust and corrosion, particularly around wheel arches, sills, and door bottoms. Wear and tear on interior components and soft trim.
Mercedes Benz Legacy:
Mercedes-Benz has a rich history of engineering innovation, safety, and luxury, dating back to the first automobile. These models continue that tradition with robust build quality and advanced technologies for their time.
Pontons To Fintails:
The 'Ponton' sedans (W120/W121/W180/W128) marked a significant design departure with their integrated fenders and monocoque construction. They evolved into the 'Fintail' sedans (W110/W111) which continued to refine safety and performance.
Production Years:
W120/W121/W105: 1953-1962; W180/W128: 1954-1960.
Manufacturing Locations:
Primarily Stuttgart, Germany.
