🏷️ Basic Information

Make:

Subaru

Model:

Impreza

Model Generation:

First Generation (GC/GF/GM)

Model Years Covered:

1993-1998

Chassis Codes:

GC (sedan), GF (wagon), GM (coupe)

👋 Introduction

Vehicle Segment:

Compact Car

Target Audience:

DIY enthusiasts, independent repair shops, Subaru owners seeking detailed technical information.

Competitors:

Honda Civic, Toyota Corolla, Mitsubishi Lancer, Ford Escort.

Key Selling Points:

Standard Symmetrical All-Wheel Drive (AWD) on most models, rally heritage, robust engineering.

Manual Value:

Empowers owners to perform repairs, reduce dealership costs, and maintain vehicle longevity.

Information Source:

Provides factory-authorized procedures and specifications, ensuring accuracy and reliability.

📋 Manual Details

Manual Type:

Service and Repair Manual

Language:

English

Format:

Digital Download (PDF)

Medium:

Online/Digital

📖 Manual Coverage

Engine Mechanical:

Detailed procedures for EJ15, EJ18, EJ20, and EJ22 engines, including disassembly, inspection, assembly, timing belt replacement, head gasket repair.

Engine Electrical:

Ignition system, fuel injection system (MPI), starting system, charging system, ECU troubleshooting, wiring diagrams.

Transmission Manual:

5-speed manual gearbox repair, clutch replacement, driveline components.

Transmission Automatic:

4-speed automatic gearbox repair, fluid changes, valve body troubleshooting.

Suspension:

Front and rear suspension diagnosis, repair, shock absorber replacement, strut assembly servicing, wheel alignment.

Steering:

Power steering system diagnosis and repair, steering rack and linkage servicing, steering column.

Brakes:

Front and rear brake systems (disc and drum), ABS diagnosis and repair, brake fluid replacement, caliper and rotor replacement.

Body:

Body panel removal and installation, door mechanisms, glass replacement, interior trim, exterior trim.

Electrical System:

Lighting, wipers, horn, power windows, central locking, fuse box locations and diagrams.

HVAC:

Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning system diagnosis and repair, refrigerant handling.

Fuel System:

Fuel pump, fuel filter replacement, fuel injectors, fuel tank servicing.

Exhaust System:

Exhaust manifold, catalytic converter, muffler replacement and repair.

Cooling System:

Radiator, water pump, thermostat, hoses, coolant flush procedures.

Safety Systems:

SRS (Supplemental Restraint System) airbag system troubleshooting (note: caution required for airbag work).

Scheduled Maintenance:

Detailed maintenance schedules, oil change intervals, filter replacement guidance, spark plug replacement.

Troubleshooting:

Diagnostic procedures for common problems, diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs) interpretation, symptom-based troubleshooting guides.

Repair Procedures:

Step-by-step instructions for major component repairs and replacements, including engine rebuilds, transmission overhauls, suspension work.

Diagnostics:

Wiring diagrams, circuit testing, sensor testing, OBD-I/OBD-II (where applicable) diagnostic procedures.

Component Removal Installation:

Comprehensive guides for removing and installing virtually all major vehicle components.

Fluid Capacities:

Precise fluid capacities for engine oil, transmission fluid, coolant, brake fluid, power steering fluid.

Specifications Data:

Torque specifications for critical fasteners, engine clearances, emissions data, electrical specifications.

Depth Level:

Comprehensive, covering basic maintenance to full engine and transmission rebuilds.

Diagnostic Tools:

References to necessary special tools and diagnostic equipment for advanced repairs.

📊 Manual Specifications

File Type:

Portable Document Format (PDF)

Searchability:

Fully searchable text content for quick information retrieval.

Printability:

Printable pages for use in a workshop environment.

Resolution:

High-resolution images and diagrams.

Image Clarity:

Clear, crisp diagrams and illustrations.

Binding:

N/A (Digital Format)

Paper:

N/A (Digital Format)

Coverage Scope:

Complete factory-level service information.

⚙️ Engine Specifications

Engine Options:

EJ15, EJ18, EJ20, EJ22 (naturally aspirated and turbocharged variants for certain models/markets).

Ej16 Specs:

1.6L, approx. 95 hp (market dependent)

Ej18 Specs:

1.8L, approx. 110-115 hp

Ej20 Specs:

2.0L, approx. 125-150 hp (NA), 210-250 hp (turbocharged WRX variants)

Ej22 Specs:

2.2L, approx. 135-140 hp

Engine Layout:

Horizontally-opposed (Boxer) 4-cylinder

Fuel Delivery:

Multi-Point Fuel Injection (MPI)

Fuel Type:

Unleaded Gasoline

Recommended Oil Viscosity:

10W-30 or 5W-30 (check owner's manual for specific climate/engine variants)

Oil Capacity:

Approx. 4.0-4.5 liters (with filter, varies by engine)

Coolant Type:

Ethylene Glycol based (typically Subaru Super Coolant or equivalent green type)

Spark Plugs:

Specific platinum or iridium type recommended (e.g., NGK PFR6E or equivalent).

🔧 Transmission

Transmission Type:

5-speed Manual Transmission

Transmission Type:

4-speed Automatic Transmission

Drivetrain:

Symmetrical All-Wheel Drive (AWD) standard on most models, viscous coupling center differential.

Manual Transmission Fluid Spec:

API GL-5, SAE 75W-90 gear oil.

Automatic Transmission Fluid Spec:

Subaru ATF-HP or Dexron III/Mercon equivalent.

📐 Dimensions

Body Styles:

2-door Coupe, 4-door Sedan, 5-door Wagon

Wheelbase:

Approx. 2515 mm (99.0 in)

Length:

Approx. 4345-4395 mm (171.1-173.0 in) sedan, 4355-4415 mm (171.5-173.8 in) wagon

Width:

Approx. 1690-1730 mm (66.5-68.1 in)

Height:

Approx. 1425-1485 mm (56.1-58.5 in)

Curb Weight:

Approx. 1200-1400 kg (2645-3086 lbs) depending on model and trim

Gross Vehicle Weight Rating:

Varies by model, typically around 1700-1800 kg

Wheel Bolt Pattern:

5x100mm

Standard Tire Size:

185/70R14, 195/60R15, 205/50R16 (depending on trim)

🛡️ Safety Features

NHTSA Crash Test:

IIHS and NHTSA ratings from this era were less standardized. Focus on structural integrity and passive safety features.

ABS:

Anti-lock Braking System available on higher trims and later models.

AWD:

Symmetrical All-Wheel Drive contributes to enhanced traction and stability.

Airbags:

Driver and passenger front airbags standard on most models from mid-generation onwards.

Seatbelts:

Three-point seatbelts for all occupants, pre-tensioners for front seats.

Rollover Protection:

Reinforced body structure, particularly in wagon models.

💡 Technology Features

Audio System:

Factory-installed AM/FM stereo with cassette player, optional CD player. Speaker configurations vary by trim level.

Display:

Basic analog gauges, climate control, radio display. No integrated navigation or advanced digital displays.

Cruise Control:

Available on most models as an option or standard on higher trims.

Traction Control:

Not typically available on this generation, with AWD serving as the primary stability enhancement.

Phone Integration:

No integrated Bluetooth or smartphone connectivity; aftermarket solutions are required.

🔧 Maintenance

Oil Change Interval:

Every 7,500 miles or 6 months (whichever comes first) under normal driving conditions; more frequent for severe conditions (check manual).

Engine Air Filter Replacement:

Every 15,000-30,000 miles or as needed.

Cabin Air Filter Replacement:

Not standard on all models of this generation, but recommended if equipped (e.g., every 15,000-30,000 miles).

Spark Plug Replacement:

Every 60,000-100,000 miles, depending on spark plug type.

Timing Belt Replacement:

Crucial: Every 90,000-105,000 miles or 7-10 years, as it's an interference engine. Also recommended to replace water pump and tensioners at the same time.

Transmission Fluid Change Interval Auto:

Every 30,000-60,000 miles or as specified.

Transmission Fluid Change Interval Manual:

Every 60,000-100,000 miles or as specified.

Brake Fluid Type:

DOT 3 or DOT 4

Power Steering Fluid Type:

ATF (Automatic Transmission Fluid) or specific Subaru power steering fluid.

Head Gaskets:

While less prevalent than on later EJ engines (e.g., EJ25), some EJ18 and EJ22 models can experience head gasket leaks, especially if overheated or poorly maintained. The manual details diagnostic and replacement procedures.

Timing Belt Tensioner:

Tensioner failure can occur if not replaced during timing belt service, leading to catastrophic engine damage. The manual covers inspection and replacement.

Clutch Wear:

Normal wear item, but performance variants can see accelerated wear with aggressive driving. Manual details clutch replacement.

Suspension Bushings:

Wear and tear on rubber bushings can lead to clunks and poor handling. Manual provides replacement guides.

Exhaust Rust:

Can be an issue in regions with road salt. Manual covers removal and installation procedures.

📚 Vehicle History

Subaru Philosophy:

Known for its engineering prowess, emphasis on AWD, and rally racing heritage.

First Generation Launch:

Launched globally in 1992, with the first generation (GC/GF/GM) serving as the foundation for Subaru's compact car lineup. Introduced AWD as a signature feature.

Performance Variants:

Introduction of the WRX (World Rally eXperimental) models, particularly in markets outside North America, which became icons of performance and rally sport.

Facelifts:

Received minor cosmetic updates and feature enhancements throughout its production run.

Manufacturing Locations:

Primarily manufactured in Japan (Gunma Prefecture).

Sales Performance:

Established Subaru in the compact segment, building a reputation for reliability and AWD capability, though sales were strong in specific markets known for inclement weather.

🏆 Awards & Recognition

Car And Driver 10Best:

While the first generation Impreza itself wasn't a consistent 10Best winner, Subaru's AWD technology and rally pedigree earned recognition, paving the way for future models.

Rally Success:

The performance variants, particularly the WRX STI, achieved significant success in the World Rally Championship (WRC), greatly enhancing the Impreza's sporty image and desirability.

Consumer Reports Reliability:

Reliability ratings varied by model year and engine. The manual helps address common wear items and potential issues to maintain good reliability.