🏷️ Basic Information

Make:

Subaru

Model:

Legacy

Year:

1999

Vehicle Generation:

Second Generation (BD/BG/BK)

Chassis Codes:

BD (Sedan), BG (Wagon), BK (GT Wagon)

👋 Introduction

Positioning:

The 1999 Subaru Legacy represented Subaru's entry into the mid-size sedan and wagon market, aiming to compete with established players by offering distinctive all-wheel-drive capability and boxer engine refinement.

Competitors:

Competed against vehicles like the Toyota Camry, Honda Accord, Ford Taurus, and Volkswagen Passat, differentiating itself with standard AWD.

Dvp Awe:

Symmetrical All-Wheel Drive (SAWD) was a signature feature, providing enhanced traction and stability in various driving conditions.

Engine Layout:

Horizontally opposed (boxer) engine layout, contributing to a lower center of gravity and improved handling.

Body Styles:

Available in sedan (BD) and wagon (BG) configurations, with the GT Wagon (BK) offering sportier appointments.

📋 Manual Details

All Models Trims Engines:

Yes, covers all available models, trim levels, and engine variants for the 1999 Subaru Legacy.

Estimated Page Count:

Approximately 1500+ pages (typical for comprehensive factory workshop manuals).

Type:

Factory Workshop Repair Service Manual

Language:

English

Format:

PDF Download

📖 Manual Coverage

Powertrain:

Engine mechanicals (including timing belt service, head gaskets), fuel system, exhaust system, ignition system, cooling system.

Drivetrain:

All-Wheel Drive (AWD) system, front/rear differentials, driveshafts, CV joints, manual and automatic transmissions.

Suspension Steering:

Front and rear suspension components (struts, control arms, bushings), power steering system, steering rack, wheel alignment specifications.

Brakes:

Front and rear brake systems (disc/drum configurations), ABS system (if equipped), hydraulic lines, brake fluid specifications.

Electrical:

Engine control unit (ECU) diagnostics, charging system, starting system, lighting systems, power windows, power locks, interior electronics, wiring diagrams.

Body Chassis:

Body panel removal/installation, interior trim, glass, body sealing, chassis lubrication points.

Maintenance:

Scheduled maintenance, oil changes, filter replacements, spark plug replacement, coolant flushes, brake fluid changes, timing belt replacement intervals.

Troubleshooting:

Diagnostic flowcharts for common problems, symptom-based troubleshooting, electrical system diagnostics.

Repair Rebuild:

Engine overhauls, transmission rebuilds, suspension component replacement, brake caliper overhaul, alternator/starter replacement.

Specifications:

Torque specifications for all fasteners, fluid capacities, electrical component resistance values, diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs).

Diagnostic Trouble Codes:

Includes detailed descriptions of OBD-II codes and diagnostic procedures for identifying system faults.

Emission Controls:

Information on the vehicle's emission control systems, diagnostic procedures, and component testing.

Body And Interior:

Instructions for removing and installing interior trim panels, seats, headliner, and exterior body panels.

HVAC System:

Diagnosis and repair of heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems, including refrigerant handling and component replacement.

Wheel And Tire:

Specifications for wheel lug nut torque, tire pressure recommendations, and wheel alignment procedures.

Depth:

Comprehensive, covering everything from basic fluid checks to complete engine and transmission overhauls. Suitable for professional technicians and advanced DIY enthusiasts.

📊 Manual Specifications

PDF Quality:

High-resolution scans, typically searchable text for easy navigation and printing.

Printability:

Designed for printing, with clear formatting and page numbering.

Searchability:

Yes, text-based PDF allows for keyword searching, significantly improving efficiency in finding information.

Accessibility:

Accessible on any device capable of opening PDF files (computers, tablets, smartphones).

Binding:

N/A (Digital PDF Download)

Paper Type:

N/A (Digital PDF Download)

⚙️ Engine Specifications

Engine Codes Variants:

EJ22 (2.2L SOHC), EJ25D (2.5L DOHC - known for head gasket issues), EJ251 (2.5L SOHC - introduced later in the generation).

Displacements:

2.2 Liters (2164 cc), 2.5 Liters (2457 cc)

Horsepower Range:

135 hp (EJ22) to 165 hp (EJ25D/EJ251).

Torque Range:

135 lb-ft (EJ22) to 155 lb-ft (EJ25D/EJ251).

Injection Type:

Multi-point Fuel Injection (MPFI).

Recommended Fuel:

87 Octane (Regular Unleaded). EJ25D may benefit from Top Tier fuel due to potential head gasket sensitivity.

Coolant Type:

Subaru Blue Coolant (50/50 mix with distilled water) or equivalent silicate-free, ethylene glycol-based coolant.

Timing Belt Replacement Interval:

Recommended every 60,000 miles or 5 years, whichever comes first. Critical for preventing catastrophic engine damage.

🔧 Transmission

Transmission Types:

5-speed Manual Transmission (MT), 4-speed Automatic Transmission (AT).

AWD Integration:

Standard Symmetrical All-Wheel Drive (SAWD) on all models, with variations in power distribution depending on transmission type.

Automatic Transmission Features:

Some AT models may feature a 'Power' mode selector for altered shift points.

Manual Transmission Fluid:

GL-5 75W-90 Synthetic Gear Oil recommended.

Automatic Transmission Fluid:

Subaru ATF-HP or Dexron III compatible fluid.

📐 Dimensions

Length:

Approx. 185.8 inches (Sedan), 187.2 inches (Wagon)

Width:

Approx. 67.7 inches

Height:

Approx. 55.1 inches (Sedan), 57.7 inches (Wagon)

Wheelbase:

Approx. 104.3 inches

Curb Weight Range:

Approx. 3000 - 3400 lbs (depending on body style and equipment).

Cargo Volume Wagon:

Significant cargo capacity with rear seats folded down, typical for mid-size wagons.

🛡️ Safety Features

NHTSA Ratings:

Specific ratings may vary by test year and configuration; consult official NHTSA archives for detailed crash test data. Typically rated as acceptable to good for the era.

ABS:

Anti-lock Braking System (ABS) available as an option or standard on higher trims.

AWD:

Standard Symmetrical All-Wheel Drive significantly enhances vehicle control and safety in adverse weather.

Airbags:

Driver and front passenger airbags standard.

Seatbelts:

Three-point seatbelts with pretensioners for front occupants.

💡 Technology Features

Audio System:

Factory-installed AM/FM stereo with cassette player. CD player optional on some trims or as an aftermarket upgrade.

Climate Control:

Manual or automatic climate control systems depending on trim level.

Cruise Control:

Standard on most trims.

Traction Control:

Traction Control System (TCS) was an option on some higher-spec models, often integrated with the AWD system.

Bluetooth Usb:

Not available from the factory for this model year. Modern connectivity would require aftermarket solutions.

🔧 Maintenance

Oil Change Interval:

Typically every 3,750 miles or 6 months, whichever comes first, with conventional oil. Extended intervals with synthetic oil (consult manual for specifics).

Engine Air Filter:

Replace every 15,000 - 30,000 miles or as needed based on driving conditions.

Cabin Air Filter:

Not standard on all trims for this model year.

Engine Oil Capacity:

Approx. 4.5 quarts (EJ22), 4.2 quarts (EJ25D/EJ251) with filter change.

Engine Oil Viscosity:

5W-30 is commonly recommended, though 10W-30 may be suitable in warmer climates. Consult owner's manual for precise recommendations.

Coolant Capacity:

Approx. 7.5 - 8.0 quarts with heater.

Brake Fluid Type:

DOT 3.

Ej25D Head Gaskets:

The EJ25D (2.5L DOHC) engine is notoriously prone to premature head gasket failure due to original design limitations. This manual will detail the procedure for replacement with updated gaskets.

Oil Leaks:

Common oil leaks can occur from valve cover gaskets, oil pan gaskets, and crankshaft seals.

Suspension Wear:

Front struts, sway bar end links, and control arm bushings can wear over time, leading to noise and poor handling.

Exhaust Manifold Leaks:

Cracked exhaust manifolds or failing gaskets can lead to exhaust leaks and ticking noises.

📚 Vehicle History

Subaru Identity:

Subaru's heritage is rooted in aviation engineering, translating into its distinctive boxer engines and focus on all-wheel-drive technology.

Second Generation:

The 1999 Legacy belongs to the second generation (1995-1999), characterized by a more rounded and aerodynamic design compared to its predecessor.

Manufacturing Location:

Primarily manufactured in Japan.

Sales Performance:

The second generation Legacy saw increased sales and solidified Subaru's reputation for AWD vehicles in North America.

🏆 Awards & Recognition

Consumer Reports:

While specific awards for the 1999 model year might be scarce, Subaru vehicles in this era were generally praised for their all-wheel-drive capability and longevity, though the EJ25D head gasket issue did impact its reliability ratings.

Reliability Perception:

Reliability perception for the 1999 Legacy is mixed, primarily due to the EJ25D head gasket issue. However, models with the EJ22 engine are known for excellent reliability when properly maintained.