🏷️ Basic Information

Make:

Volvo

Model:

940

Year:

1995

Platform Code:

Volvo Type 10

Generation Designation:

Second Generation (900 Series)

👋 Introduction

Vehicle Segment:

Rear-wheel drive, executive/mid-size sedan and station wagon

Brand Philosophy:

Emphasis on safety, durability, comfort, and practicality

Key Competitors:

BMW 5 Series, Mercedes-Benz E-Class, Audi 100/A6, Saab 9000, Ford Scorpio, Peugeot 605

Distinctive Attributes:

Robust build quality, comfortable ride, rear-wheel drive dynamics, turbocharged engine options, legendary Volvo safety features

📋 Manual Details

Systems Covered:

Engine Mechanical, Engine Electrical, Fuel System, Ignition System, Emission Control, Clutch, Transmission (Manual & Automatic), Driveshaft, Rear Axle, Brakes, Steering, Suspension, Chassis Electrical, Body & Trim, Climate Control, HVAC

Estimated Page Count:

1500+

Manual Type:

Comprehensive Service and Repair Manual

Language:

English

Format:

Software (likely CD-ROM or digital download)

📖 Manual Coverage

Engine Systems:

B230 2.3L (various configurations: naturally aspirated, turbocharged, intercooled)

Fuel System Coverage:

Bosch LH-Jetronic fuel injection, fuel pump, injectors, fuel pressure regulator, fuel filter replacement

Transmission Coverage:

M46/M47 4/5-speed manual transmissions, AW71/AW72 automatic transmissions, fluid changes, seal replacements

Brakes Coverage:

Front disc brakes (vented), rear solid disc brakes, ABS (Anti-lock Braking System) diagnostics and repair, brake fluid replacement

Electrical Coverage:

Wiring diagrams, fuse locations, relays, ECU diagnostics, starter, alternator, lighting, power windows, central locking

Maintenance Procedures:

Oil changes, filter replacements, spark plug replacement, coolant flushes, belt inspections and replacements, brake pad replacement

Repair Procedures:

Engine component removal and installation (cylinder head, pistons, etc.), transmission overhaul, suspension component replacement, exhaust system repair, body panel repair

Troubleshooting Guides:

Diagnostic flowcharts for common drivability issues, starting problems, electrical faults, and HVAC malfunctions

Diagnostic Capabilities:

Advanced diagnostics for engine management systems, ABS, and potentially SRS (Supplemental Restraint System)

Rebuild Instructions:

Detailed instructions for engine and transmission rebuilds, including torque specifications and clearances

📊 Manual Specifications

Software Type:

Proprietary software for PC (likely Windows 95/NT compatible)

Digital Content Quality:

High-resolution diagrams, clear text, searchable content

Digital Format:

N/A (Digital/Software)

Digital Media:

CD-ROM or downloadable files

⚙️ Engine Specifications

Engine Code:

B230

Engine Displacement:

2.3 Liters (2316 cc)

Engine Configuration:

Inline-4 cylinder, SOHC (Single Overhead Camshaft)

Naturally Aspirated Horsepower:

Approx. 114-130 hp (depending on emission controls and specific variant)

Turbocharged Horsepower:

Approx. 162-190 hp (depending on turbocharger, intercooler, and boost pressure)

Torque Naturally Aspirated:

Approx. 185-205 Nm

Torque Turbocharged:

Approx. 270-295 Nm

Fuel Injection System:

Bosch LH-Jetronic (Lambda Ignition & Jetronic)

Fuel Type:

Unleaded gasoline (RON 91+ for naturally aspirated, RON 95+ for turbocharged recommended)

🔧 Transmission

Standard Transmission:

M46 (4-speed manual with overdrive)

Optional Transmission Manual:

M47 (5-speed manual)

Optional Transmission Automatic:

AW71/AW72 (3-speed automatic with overdrive)

Automatic Transmission Modes:

Economy (E) and Power (P) modes

Manual Transmission Overdrive:

Fifth gear acts as an overdrive for reduced engine speed on highways

📐 Dimensions

Wheelbase:

Approx. 2770 mm (109.1 inches)

Length Sedan:

Approx. 4870 mm (191.7 inches)

Length Wagon:

Approx. 4860 mm (191.3 inches)

Width:

Approx. 1750 mm (68.9 inches)

Height Sedan:

Approx. 1420 mm (55.9 inches)

Height Wagon:

Approx. 1460 mm (57.5 inches)

Curb Weight Sedan:

Approx. 1400-1550 kg (3086-3417 lbs)

Curb Weight Wagon:

Approx. 1450-1600 kg (3197-3527 lbs)

Gross Vehicle Weight Rating:

Approx. 1900-2100 kg

🛡️ Safety Features

Rollover Resistance:

Excellent, due to low center of gravity and robust chassis

Crash Test Performance:

Generally rated as very safe for its era, consistent with Volvo's safety reputation

Antilock Brakes:

Standard or optional depending on trim and market (ABS)

Traction Control:

Rarely available on this model year

Airbags:

Driver's side airbag standard, passenger airbag optional in some markets

Seatbelts:

3-point inertia reel seatbelts front and rear, with pre-tensioners for front occupants

Body Structure:

Reinforced safety cage, crumple zones, side impact protection bars

💡 Technology Features

Audio System:

Factory-installed AM/FM cassette player with optional CD changer, premium sound systems available

Climate Control:

Manual or automatic climate control systems with air conditioning

Cruise Control:

Standard or optional, electronic cruise control

Connectivity Options:

Limited by era; typically external CD changer or tape adapter for aftermarket audio

🔧 Maintenance

Oil Change Interval:

Every 10,000 km (6,000 miles) or 12 months, whichever comes first

Air Filter Replacement:

Every 20,000-30,000 km (12,000-18,000 miles) or as needed

Spark Plug Replacement:

Every 40,000-60,000 km (24,000-36,000 miles) depending on type

Timing Belt Replacement:

Not applicable (Timing chain driven engines)

Engine Oil Type:

API SG, SAE 5W-30 or 5W-40 (check owner's manual for exact specification)

Coolant Type:

Volvo Premium Coolant or equivalent (ethylene glycol based, 50/50 mix with distilled water)

Brake Fluid Type:

DOT 3 or DOT 4

Automatic Transmission Fluid:

AW-1 (or equivalent like Dexron II/III, check specific manual for AW71/AW72)

Manual Transmission Fluid:

API GL-5, SAE 75W-90

Common Problems:

Worn blower motor resistors, failing mass airflow sensors (MAF), fuel pump issues, rear axle bushings (Cracked Rubber), distributor cap and rotor wear, vacuum leaks, oil leaks (e.g., rear main seal, oil pan gasket)

Turbocharger Maintenance:

Importance of regular oil changes and proper cool-down procedures to prevent premature turbo failure

📚 Vehicle History

Brand Origins:

Founded in Sweden in 1927, known for safety and durability

Predecessor:

Volvo 740/760 series

Successor:

Volvo S80/V70 (though not a direct replacement in terms of RWD platform)

Production Period:

1990-1998 (for 900 Series)

Manufacturing Locations:

Sweden ( मुख्य), Belgium, Canada

🏆 Awards & Recognition

Safety Awards:

Consistently recognized for safety in its class during its production run.

Consumer Ratings:

Praised for durability, comfort, and reliability, though often criticized for dated styling compared to some competitors.