Vehicle Segment:
Lightweight Cruiser / Entry-level Motorcycle
Target Audience:
New riders, urban commuters, casual cruisers, those seeking an economical and user-friendly motorcycle.
Key Competitors Era:
Honda Shadow 110, Suzuki Savage 650 (though larger), Kawasaki Vulcan 500 (though larger).
Design Philosophy:
Classic cruiser styling with compact dimensions and approachable performance.
Vibration Reduction:
V-twin engine with a 70-degree cylinder angle contributes to smooth operation.
Accessibility:
Low seat height and manageable weight make it easy to handle for a wide range of riders.
Engine Mechanical:
Complete disassembly, inspection, overhaul, and reassembly of the engine, including cylinder heads, pistons, rings, crankshaft, connecting rods, valves, and timing components.
Fuel System:
Carburetor tuning, cleaning, overhaul, fuel pump operation, fuel lines, and fuel tank maintenance.
Ignition System:
CDI unit, ignition coil, spark plugs, wiring, timing checks, and troubleshooting.
Transmission Drivetrain:
Gearbox inspection, clutch operation, gear shift mechanism, final drive (chain and sprockets).
Electrical System:
Wiring diagrams, charging system (stator, regulator/rectifier), battery, starter motor, lighting, indicators, and switches.
Suspension System:
Front fork overhaul, rear shock absorber maintenance, and adjustment procedures.
Brake System:
Front and rear brake caliper service, brake pad replacement, brake fluid flush, and troubleshooting.
Cooling System:
Air-cooled engine management, fin cleaning.
Chassis Frame:
Frame inspection, steering head bearing service, and wheel hub maintenance.
Exhaust System:
Exhaust pipe and muffler inspection and replacement.
Bodywork Fittings:
Fairing removal and installation, seat, fuel tank, fenders, and trim components.
Scheduled Maintenance:
Detailed guide for routine services, including oil changes, filter replacements, chain adjustment, and bolt torque checks at specified intervals.
Troubleshooting Diagnostics:
Systematic approach to diagnosing and resolving common and uncommon problems, with symptom-based guides.
Engine Rebuild:
Step-by-step instructions for complete engine disassembly, cleaning, inspection, component replacement (e.g., piston rings, gaskets), and reassembly with precise torque specifications.
Carburetor Adjustment:
Procedures for idle speed adjustment, mixture control, and synchronizing multiple carburetors (if applicable).
Electrical Troubleshooting:
Guidance on using multimeters, tracing wiring faults, and diagnosing issues with ignition, charging, and starting systems.
Suspension Fork Service:
Instructions for draining, refilling, and bleeding front fork oil, seal replacement, and spring inspection.
Brake System Maintenance:
Detailed steps for bleeding the brake system, replacing brake pads, and caliper servicing.
Clutch Adjustment:
Lever free play adjustment and clutch cable maintenance.
Wheel Bearing Service:
Inspection and replacement of wheel bearings.
Tire And Tube Replacement:
Guidance on safe tire changing and tube installation.
Depth Level:
Comprehensive, from basic maintenance to full engine and chassis overhauls.
Diagnostic Capability:
Advanced diagnostic procedures and troubleshooting trees.
Special Tools Required:
Identification and use of specialized tools for specific repair procedures.
Engine Type:
Air-cooled, 4-stroke, V-twin
Displacement:
234 cc (234 cubic centimeters)
Bore X Stroke:
45.0 mm x 74.0 mm (typical, may vary slightly by revision)
Compression Ratio:
9.1:1 (typical)
Valve Train:
SOHC, 2 valves per cylinder
Horsepower Hp:
Approximately 16-18 hp @ 7500 rpm (specifications vary by market and year)
Torque Lb-Ft:
Approximately 13.3 lb-ft @ 6000 rpm (specifications vary by market and year)
Carburetion:
Mikuni BS26 twin carburetors (one per cylinder)
Fuel Capacity:
9.0 liters (2.4 US gallons)
Fuel Type:
Unleaded gasoline, 87 octane or higher recommended
Ignition Type:
CDI (Capacitor Discharge Ignition)
Oil Type Recommendation:
Yamalube 4 (or equivalent 10W-40 motorcycle oil)
Oil Capacity W Filter:
1.7 liters (1.8 US qt)
Oil Capacity Wo Filter:
1.5 liters (1.6 US qt)
Infotainment System:
N/A (This is a motorcycle from the late 80s/90s, no electronic infotainment systems are present).
Driver Assistance Features:
N/A (No electronic driver assistance features like ABS or traction control are present on this model).
Connectivity Features:
N/A (No electronic connectivity features).
Taillight Type:
Incandescent bulb
Instrument Panel Features:
Analog speedometer, tachometer (on some variants/years), odometer, trip meter, turn signal indicators, neutral indicator, high beam indicator.
First Service:
1000 km (600 miles) or 3 months, whichever comes first.
Subsequent Services:
Every 4000 km (2500 miles) or 6 months.
Engine Oil Change Interval:
Every 4000 km (2500 miles) or 6 months.
Oil Filter Replacement Interval:
Every 8000 km (5000 miles) or annually.
Spark Plug Replacement Interval:
Every 8000 km (5000 miles).
Air Filter Cleaning Interval:
Every 4000 km (2500 miles), clean and re-oil.
Clutch Cable Adjustment Interval:
Every 4000 km (2500 miles).
Throttle Cable Adjustment Interval:
Every 4000 km (2500 miles).
Brake Fluid Flush Interval:
Every 2 years.
Valve Clearance Check Interval:
Every 8000 km (5000 miles).
Engine Oil Viscosity:
10W-40
Brake Fluid Type:
DOT 3 or DOT 4 hydraulic brake fluid
Fork Oil Type:
Yamaha Fork Oil 10W (or equivalent SAE 10W)
Fork Oil Quantity Per Leg:
207 ml (6.9 US oz)
Carburetor Performance:
Mikuni carbs can sometimes require cleaning and adjustment due to varnish buildup, especially if the fuel is not fresh or the bike sits for extended periods.
Charging System:
Older regulator/rectifier units can be prone to failure, leading to charging issues. Manual covers testing procedures.
Clutch Slippage:
Worn clutch plates can cause slippage, particularly under acceleration. Manual details inspection and replacement.
Rear Shock ABSorbers:
Original rear shocks may lose damping over time. Manual provides adjustment and replacement guidance.
Brake Drum Wear:
Rear drum brake performance can degrade with wear. Manual covers inspection and adjustment.
Engine Oil Drain Plug:
20 Nm (14.5 lb-ft)
Spark Plug Torque:
18 Nm (13 lb-ft)
Front Axle Nut:
50 Nm (36 lb-ft)
Rear Axle Nut:
70 Nm (51 lb-ft)
Cylinder Head Bolt Torque Sequence:
Specific multi-stage torque sequence detailed in the manual for proper engine sealing.
