Positioning:
The Citroen CX was a revolutionary executive car known for its advanced hydropneumatic suspension, aerodynamic design, and distinctive styling. It occupied a unique niche in the automotive market, offering a blend of luxury, comfort, and technological innovation that set it apart from its contemporaries.
Competitors:
Competed with other European executive sedans of the era such as the Mercedes-Benz W124 E-Class, BMW 5 Series (E28/E34), Audi 100/200, and Volvo 700 series. Its unique suspension gave it a distinct advantage in ride comfort.
Distinguishing Features:
Hydropneumatic self-leveling suspension, aerodynamic teardrop shape, DIRAVI self-centering power steering, avant-garde interior design, high-pressure hydraulic system for various functions.
Coverage Scope:
Comprehensive coverage for the 1989 Citroen CX, encompassing all major mechanical, electrical, and body systems.
Estimated Page Count:
Hundreds of pages (specific count not provided, but consistent with factory service manuals).
Type:
Service and Repair Manual
File Format:
PDF (Portable Document Format)
Engine:
Detailed coverage of engine disassembly, assembly, troubleshooting, repair, and specifications for all gasoline engine variants offered in 1989, including timing, lubrication, cooling, and fuel delivery systems.
Transmission:
In-depth procedures for manual and automatic transmission maintenance, repair, overhaul, and troubleshooting, including clutch service, gear shift mechanisms, and torque converter operation.
Suspension And Steering:
Comprehensive coverage of the CX's innovative hydropneumatic suspension system, including fluid service, pressure regulation, component replacement (spheres, accumulators, rams), steering rack overhaul, and power steering system diagnostics.
Brakes:
Detailed information on the hydraulic and electronic braking systems, including brake fluid specifications, caliper and master cylinder overhaul, parking brake adjustments, and ABS system diagnostics (if equipped).
Electrical System:
Extensive wiring diagrams, troubleshooting guides for electrical components, starter, alternator, ignition system, lighting, instrumentation, and power windows/locks.
Body And Chassis:
Information on body panel removal and installation, door mechanisms, interior trim, and chassis components, with guidance on corrosion prevention and repair.
Climate Control:
Details on the heating and ventilation systems, including blower motor, air conditioning (if equipped) compressor, refrigerant handling, and component testing.
Maintenance:
Step-by-step procedures for routine maintenance tasks, including oil changes, filter replacements, fluid level checks, spark plug replacement, and general inspections.
Disassembly And Assembly:
Detailed instructions for the removal, disassembly, cleaning, inspection, and reassembly of engine components, transmission, suspension parts, and other major assemblies.
Troubleshooting:
Diagnostic flowcharts and symptom-based troubleshooting guides to help identify and resolve common and complex mechanical and electrical issues.
Repair:
Comprehensive repair procedures for all major vehicle systems, often including specialized techniques and torque specifications.
Depth:
Factory-level technical depth, suitable for professional technicians and experienced DIY mechanics, covering everything from basic adjustments to complete overhauls.
Engine Variants:
The 1989 CX was typically offered with a range of inline-four gasoline engines. Common variants included 2.0L (approx. 106 hp), 2.2L (approx. 115 hp), and 2.5L (approx. 130-138 hp). Diesel variants (2.5L) were also available.
Horsepower Torque:
Specific horsepower and torque figures varied by engine displacement and tuning. For example, the 2.5L engine often produced around 130-138 PS (96-101 kW) and torque figures in the range of 190-205 Nm (140-151 lb-ft).
Fuel Delivery:
Primarily equipped with Bosch L-Jetronic or Motronic fuel injection systems, depending on the engine variant and market. Carbureted versions may have been available in some markets.
Manual Transmission:
A 5-speed manual transmission was commonly offered as standard or an option on many CX models.
Automatic Transmission:
An automatic transmission, typically a 3-speed or 4-speed ZF unit, was available as an option on many CX variants.
Transmission Features:
The hydropneumatic system influenced transmission behavior, particularly with certain automatic gearboxes. The DIRAVI steering system is a notable feature of the CX.
Crash Test Performance:
While formal Euro NCAP ratings as we know them today were not prevalent in 1989, the CX was designed with a robust unibody structure and safety features for its time. Specific crash test results for this model year are not readily available in modern databases.
Active Safety Systems:
DIRAVI steering (self-centering), advanced braking system (often with large discs and servo assistance), and the inherent stability provided by the hydropneumatic suspension.
Passive Safety Features:
Collapsible steering column, padded dashboard, reinforced body structure, and seat belts. Later models and specific markets might have had airbags as an option.
Audio System:
Early 1989 models likely featured an optional AM/FM radio with cassette player. Later models or higher trims might have had upgraded sound systems. Digital display for some functions was common.
Steering System:
DIRAVI (Direction à rappel asservi) power steering, which provides variable assistance and a self-centering effect at speed, enhancing stability. Height-adjustable suspension.
Connectivity Features:
Basic for the era. Primarily focused on vehicle operation rather than external connectivity. Central locking and power windows were available on higher trims.
Typical Intervals:
Engine oil and filter: 5,000-10,000 km (3,000-6,000 miles) or 6-12 months. Spark plugs: 20,000-40,000 km (12,000-25,000 miles). Transmission fluid: Varies by type, typically 40,000-80,000 km (25,000-50,000 miles). Hydropneumatic fluid: Check and top-up as needed, replacement every 60,000-100,000 km (37,000-60,000 miles).
Engine Oil:
Typically SAE 10W-40 or 15W-50 API SG or higher. Specific viscosity may vary based on engine and climate. Consult manual for precise recommendations.
Hydropneumatic Fluid:
Citroen LHM (Liquide Hydraulique Minéral) is the specified fluid. NEVER use other hydraulic fluids like DOT 3/4 or ATF. Capacity: approx. 4-5 liters for the entire system.
Common Problems:
Hydropneumatic system leaks (spheres, hoses, rams), DIRAVI steering system issues, electrical system gremlins (especially earth points), corrosion, exhaust system wear, and age-related component degradation. Timing belt replacement on relevant engines is critical.
Citroen Legacy:
Citroen has a long history of innovation, particularly in suspension technology and aerodynamic design, dating back to André-Gustave Citroën's early automotive ventures and iconic models like the Traction Avant and DS.
Cx Development:
The CX was launched in 1974 as the successor to the legendary DS. It continued the DS's philosophy of advanced engineering and comfort, featuring a more modern, albeit still avant-garde, design and an evolution of the hydropneumatic suspension system. The 1989 model represents a later iteration of the CX line.
Production Period:
The Citroen CX was produced from 1974 to 1992. The 1989 model year falls within the later phase of its production run.
