Positioning:
The Subaru Legacy EJ22 1991-1994 Service Repair Manual is a critical resource for owners and independent repair shops seeking in-depth technical information for this generation of Subaru's mid-size offering. It bridges the gap for owners who want to perform their own maintenance or diagnostics on a vehicle known for its all-wheel-drive capability and flat-four engine character.
Competition:
Competed against vehicles like the Toyota Camry, Honda Accord, Nissan Maxima, and Mitsubishi Galant. The Legacy distinguished itself with standard AWD across most trims and its unique boxer engine.
Vehicle Strengths:
Standard Symmetrical All-Wheel Drive (AWD), reliable EJ22 engine, comfortable ride, practical wagon variant available.
Value Proposition:
Provides the essential factory-level data required for accurate maintenance, diagnosis, and repair, enabling owners to extend the lifespan and maintain the performance of their Subaru Legacy.
Powertrain:
Engine (EJ22), Fuel System, Ignition System, Cooling System, Lubrication System, Exhaust System
Drivetrain:
Automatic Transmission (4EAT), Manual Transmission (5-speed), All-Wheel Drive (AWD) System, Differentials
Chassis:
Suspension (Front Struts, Rear Multi-link), Steering System, Braking System (Front Disc/Rear Disc or Drum)
Electrical:
Wiring Diagrams, Battery, Charging System, Starting System, Lighting, Fuses, Relays, ECUs (Engine Control Unit)
Body:
Exterior Body Panels, Interior Trim, Doors, Windows, Seating, HVAC System
Maintenance:
Oil Changes, Filter Replacements, Fluid Checks and Replenishment, Belt Inspections and Replacements, Spark Plug Replacement, Tune-ups
Repair:
Engine Rebuilds, Transmission Overhauls, Suspension Component Replacement, Brake System Repairs, Electrical Component Diagnosis and Replacement, Body Panel Repair
Diagnostics:
Troubleshooting Guides, DTC (Diagnostic Trouble Code) Interpretation, Symptom-based Diagnosis
Depth:
Comprehensive diagnostic procedures, detailed disassembly and reassembly instructions, torque specifications, component testing methods, wiring diagrams
Engine Type:
Naturally Aspirated Boxer (Horizontally Opposed) Four-Cylinder
Displacement:
2.2 Liters (2212 cc)
Bore X Stroke:
96.0 mm x 75.0 mm
Valve Train:
SOHC (Single Overhead Camshaft), 2 Valves Per Cylinder
Horsepower:
130 hp @ 5600 rpm (approx.)
Torque:
137 lb-ft @ 4400 rpm (approx.)
Induction:
Multi-point Fuel Injection (MPI)
Fuel Type:
Unleaded Gasoline
Coolant Type:
Subaru Super Coolant (or equivalent ethylene glycol based, 50/50 mix with distilled water)
Oil Capacity With Filter:
4.7 US Quarts (4.5 Liters)
Recommended Oil Viscosity:
10W-30 (API SG or higher)
Spark Plugs:
NGK PFR6G (or equivalent - specific part numbers may vary, consult manual)
Transmission Type:
5-Speed Manual Transmission
Transmission Type:
4-Speed Automatic Transmission with Electronic Control (4EAT)
AWD Engagement:
Full-time Symmetrical All-Wheel Drive
Fluid Specifications Auto
Atf Type:
Subaru ATF (Dexron II or III compatible - verify specific model year)
Fluid Specifications Manual
Mtf Type:
GL-5 Gear Oil (75W-90 recommended)
Length:
4590 mm (180.7 in)
Height:
1400 mm (55.1 in)
Length:
4620 mm (181.9 in)
Height:
1450 mm (57.1 in)
Wheelbase:
2625 mm (103.3 in)
Curb Weight Approx:
1350-1450 kg (2976-3197 lbs)
Gross Vehicle Weight Rating:
Varies by model/trim, consult manual
Towing Capacity:
Not officially rated for significant towing in most markets, consult owner's manual/local regulations
NHTSA Ratings:
Limited data available for this era; expect average for its time. Consult specific recall databases.
ABS:
Optional on some trims/years, standard on higher trims
Airbags:
Driver-side airbag standard; passenger airbag optional/introduced later in the generation
Seat Belts:
Front 3-point height-adjustable, Rear 3-point retractable
Audio System:
Factory AM/FM/Cassette or CD player, typically with 4 speakers. Optional premium sound systems may exist.
Climate Control:
Manual or automatic climate control depending on trim level. Covers HVAC system operation and repair.
Cruise Control:
Standard on most models, electronic cruise control system.
Connectivity Features:
Limited to basic analog systems of the era. No integrated Bluetooth or USB found.
Oil Change Interval:
Every 3,750 miles (6,000 km) or 3 months, whichever comes first (severe conditions may require more frequent changes).
Engine Air Filter Replacement:
Every 15,000 miles (24,000 km) or 12 months.
Cabin Air Filter Replacement:
Not equipped with a cabin air filter in these years.
Spark Plug Replacement:
Every 30,000 miles (48,000 km) for standard plugs, 60,000 miles (96,000 km) for platinum plugs (if equipped).
Transmission Fluid Change Auto:
Every 30,000 miles (48,000 km) or 24 months.
Timing Belt Replacement:
Crucial: Every 60,000 miles (96,000 km) or 5 years. Failure can cause catastrophic engine damage (interference engine).
Brake Fluid Type:
DOT 3 (or DOT 4 if specified for newer models, but DOT 3 is typical for this era)
Power Steering Fluid:
Subaru Genuine Power Steering Fluid (or equivalent ATF Dexron II/III compatible)
Head Gaskets:
While the EJ22 is generally robust, internal coolant leaks due to head gasket failure can occur over time. The manual will detail inspection and replacement procedures.
Suspension Wear:
Bushings and struts can wear over time, particularly in vehicles driven in harsh climates or on rough roads. The manual covers diagnosis and replacement.
Automatic Transmission Issues:
The 4EAT can experience solenoid failures or torque converter issues if not properly maintained. The manual provides diagnostic steps.
Rust Corrosion:
As with many vehicles of this era, rust and corrosion, particularly in areas with road salt, can affect body panels, suspension components, and exhaust systems. The manual may offer some repair guidance.
Heritage:
Subaru, known for its boxer engines and Symmetrical All-Wheel Drive systems, has a history rooted in aerospace engineering, which influenced its automotive designs.
Legacy Introduction:
The first-generation Subaru Legacy was introduced in 1989 as a replacement for the Subaru Leone. It marked a significant step up in refinement, size, and performance for Subaru.
First Gen Facelift:
Minor styling updates and feature enhancements occurred throughout the first generation, with the 1991-1994 models representing the initial production run.
Manufacturing Plant:
Subaru of Gunma Plant, Japan
Production Years:
1990-1994 (First Generation)
Automotive Journalism:
While specific awards for the 1991-1994 models are less documented than later generations, the Legacy platform was generally well-regarded for its handling, AWD capabilities, and value.
AWD System Reputation:
Subaru's Symmetrical AWD system consistently earned praise for its effectiveness in various weather conditions, contributing to the Legacy's strong reputation for all-weather capability.
