Segment:
        
        
            Subcompact hatchback/sedan.
        
     
    
    
        
            Competitors:
        
        
            Hyundai Excel, Kia Pride, Suzuki Swift, Ford Festiva.
        
     
    
    
        
            Target Audience:
        
        
            Budget-conscious buyers, first-time car owners, urban commuters.
        
     
    
        
            Value Proposition:
        
        
            Affordable transportation with a focus on simplicity and basic functionality.
        
     
 
    
    
    
        
            Engine Management:
        
        
            Fuel injection, ignition, emissions control, sensors, actuators, diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs).
        
     
    
        
            Engine Mechanical:
        
        
            Engine assembly, cylinder head, block, pistons, crankshaft, camshaft, timing, lubrication, cooling.
        
     
    
        
            Transmission:
        
        
            Manual transmission components, clutch, gear selection, lubrication, maintenance.
        
     
    
        
            Suspension Steering:
        
        
            Front and rear suspension, steering system components, wheel alignment, power steering.
        
     
    
        
            Brakes:
        
        
            Brake system components, hydraulic lines, master cylinder, calipers, pads, rotors, parking brake, ABS (if equipped).
        
     
    
        
            Electrical System:
        
        
            Battery, charging system, starting system, lighting, wipers, horn, instrument cluster, fuses, relays, wiring diagrams.
        
     
    
        
            HVAC:
        
        
            Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning system operation, components, and service.
        
     
    
        
            Body Chassis:
        
        
            Body panel removal and installation, doors, windows, interior trim, chassis components.
        
     
    
    
        
            Maintenance:
        
        
            Routine maintenance schedules, oil changes, filter replacements, spark plugs, fluid checks and top-offs.
        
     
    
        
            Troubleshooting:
        
        
            Diagnostic procedures for common and uncommon faults, symptom analysis, step-by-step troubleshooting guides.
        
     
    
        
            Repair Overhaul:
        
        
            Detailed instructions for disassembly, repair, reassembly, and adjustment of all major vehicle components.
        
     
    
        
            Diagnostics:
        
        
            On-board diagnostics (OBD-II) information, sensor data interpretation, fault code diagnosis.
        
     
    
        
            Specifications:
        
        
            Torque specifications, clearances, fluid capacities, electrical resistance values.
        
     
    
    
        
            Depth:
        
        
            Comprehensive, covering from basic maintenance to major component overhaul and diagnostics.
        
     
 
    
    
    
        
            Engine Code:
        
        
            G13BA (Commonly)
        
     
    
        
            Engine Type:
        
        
            Inline-4, SOHC
        
     
    
        
            Displacement:
        
        
            1.3 Liters (1342 cc)
        
     
    
    
        
            Horsepower:
        
        
            Approx. 70-75 HP (Varies by market and tuning)
        
     
    
        
            Torque:
        
        
            Approx. 100-110 Nm (Varies by market and tuning)
        
     
    
    
        
            Induction:
        
        
            Multi-point Fuel Injection (MPI) or Carburetor (early models/specific markets).
        
     
    
        
            Fuel Type:
        
        
            Unleaded Gasoline
        
     
    
    
        
            Bore X Stroke:
        
        
            74.0 mm x 78.0 mm (Typical)
        
     
    
        
            Compression Ratio:
        
        
            9.3:1 (Typical)
        
     
    
    
        
            Oil Capacity:
        
        
            Approx. 3.2 Liters (3.4 US Quarts) with filter change
        
     
    
    
        
            Coolant Capacity:
        
        
            Approx. 5.0 Liters (5.3 US Quarts)
        
     
 
    
    
    
        
            Transmission Type:
        
        
            5-Speed Manual
        
     
    
    
        
            Transmission Type:
        
        
            3-Speed Automatic (Less common)
        
     
    
    
        
            Clutch Type:
        
        
            Dry single plate, hydraulically actuated.
        
     
    
    
        
            Manual Transmission Fluid Spec:
        
        
            API GL-4, SAE 75W-90 or SAE 80W-90 Gear Oil
        
     
    
        
            Automatic Transmission Fluid Spec:
        
        
            Dexron III or equivalent
        
     
 
    
    
    
        
            Length:
        
        
            Approx. 3,760 mm (Hatchback), 3,995 mm (Sedan)
        
     
    
    
        
            Height:
        
        
            Approx. 1,380 mm (Hatchback), 1,375 mm (Sedan)
        
     
    
    
        
            Curb Weight:
        
        
            Approx. 800-900 kg (Varies by body style and equipment)
        
     
    
    
    
        
            Wheel Size:
        
        
            13 or 14 inches
        
     
    
    
        
            Tire Sizes:
        
        
            155/80 R13, 165/70 R13, 175/65 R14 (Common sizes)
        
     
 
    
    
    
        
            Crash Test Results:
        
        
            Limited independent crash test data available for this era and region. Generally expected to be basic.
        
     
    
    
        
            ABS:
        
        
            Optional on higher trims or later models.
        
     
    
    
        
            Airbags:
        
        
            Driver airbag standard on most models from mid-90s onwards, passenger airbag rare.
        
     
    
        
            Seatbelts:
        
        
            Three-point front seatbelts, two-point rear seatbelts (center rear).
        
     
 
    
    
    
        
            Oil Change Interval:
        
        
            Every 5,000-7,500 km (3,000-5,000 miles) or 6-12 months.
        
     
    
        
            Air Filter Replacement:
        
        
            Every 15,000-30,000 km (9,000-18,000 miles).
        
     
    
        
            Spark Plug Replacement:
        
        
            Every 30,000-50,000 km (18,000-30,000 miles).
        
     
    
    
        
            Engine Oil Type:
        
        
            API SG/SH, SAE 10W-30 or 10W-40 (Check manual for precise spec based on climate).
        
     
    
        
            Coolant Type:
        
        
            Ethylene Glycol based coolant (50/50 mix with distilled water).
        
     
    
    
        
            Engine:
        
        
            Head gasket leaks, valve stem seals, minor oil consumption on high mileage units.
        
     
    
        
            Electrical:
        
        
            Wiring harness degradation, minor electrical gremlins, alternator/starter issues.
        
     
    
        
            Suspension:
        
        
            Worn bushings, ball joints, and tie rod ends due to age and mileage.
        
     
    
        
            Rust:
        
        
            Common on wheel arches, sills, and chassis components, especially in corrosive climates.
        
     
    
        
            Exhaust System:
        
        
            Corrosion and failure of muffler and pipes.