Engine Mechanical:
        
        
            Engine assembly, cylinder head, valve train, crankshaft, pistons, connecting rods, lubrication system, cooling system, intake and exhaust systems.
        
     
    
        
            Engine Electrical:
        
        
            Ignition system, fuel injection system (MPI, GDI where applicable), sensors, actuators, ECU (Engine Control Unit) diagnostics and operation.
        
     
    
        
            Transmission Manual:
        
        
            Clutch, gearbox assembly, shift mechanism, removal and installation, internal component inspection and repair.
        
     
    
        
            Transmission Automatic:
        
        
            Automatic transmission assembly (e.g., 6-speed), torque converter, hydraulic control system, electronic control, removal, installation, and overhaul.
        
     
    
        
            Drivetrain:
        
        
            Front-wheel drive system, axles, CV joints, differential.
        
     
    
        
            Suspension:
        
        
            Front suspension (e.g., MacPherson struts), rear suspension (e.g., multi-link or torsion beam), shock absorbers, springs, control arms, bushings.
        
     
    
        
            Steering:
        
        
            Power steering system (hydraulic or electric), steering column, rack and pinion, alignment specifications.
        
     
    
        
            Brakes:
        
        
            Hydraulic brake system, ABS (Anti-lock Braking System), EBD (Electronic Brakeforce Distribution), ESC (Electronic Stability Control), brake discs, pads, calipers, lines, master cylinder, booster.
        
     
    
        
            Electrical System:
        
        
            Battery, charging system (alternator), starter motor, lighting system (headlights, taillights, interior), fuses, relays, wiring diagrams.
        
     
    
        
            Body Exterior:
        
        
            Body panels, doors, hood, tailgate, bumpers, glass, exterior trim, rust prevention and undercoating.
        
     
    
        
            Body Interior:
        
        
            Seating, dashboard, trim panels, HVAC system (heating, ventilation, air conditioning), airbags, seatbelts, interior lighting.
        
     
    
        
            HVAC:
        
        
            Air conditioning system components (compressor, condenser, evaporator), refrigerant types, heater core, blower motor, climate control operation, troubleshooting.
        
     
    
        
            Safety Systems:
        
        
            Airbag system, SRS (Supplemental Restraint System) components, seatbelt pre-tensioners, safety restraint module diagnostics.
        
     
    
        
            Diagnostic Trouble Codes:
        
        
            OBD-II (On-Board Diagnostics) system, DTC descriptions, troubleshooting procedures based on DTCs, diagnostic tool usage.
        
     
    
    
        
            Routine Maintenance:
        
        
            Oil changes, filter replacements (oil, air, cabin), spark plug replacement, fluid checks and top-offs, tire rotation.
        
     
    
        
            Engine Overhaul:
        
        
            Complete engine teardown, inspection, measurement, component replacement, and reassembly.
        
     
    
        
            Transmission Rebuild:
        
        
            Automatic and manual transmission disassembly, cleaning, inspection of gears, clutch packs, seals, and reassembly.
        
     
    
        
            Brake System Repair:
        
        
            Brake pad and rotor replacement, caliper servicing, bleeding the brake system, ABS component replacement and calibration.
        
     
    
        
            Suspension And Steering Repair:
        
        
            Replacement of shock absorbers, struts, ball joints, tie rods, bushings, steering rack replacement, wheel alignment procedures.
        
     
    
        
            Electrical Component Replacement:
        
        
            Alternator, starter, battery, ignition coils, fuel injectors, sensors, actuators, lighting units, switches.
        
     
    
        
            Body Panel Replacement:
        
        
            Replacement of fenders, doors, hoods, tailgates, bumpers, and associated trim.
        
     
    
        
            HVAC System Repair:
        
        
            Refrigerant system servicing, compressor replacement, condenser/evaporator cleaning and replacement, blower motor and control module repair.
        
     
    
        
            Airbag System Diagnostics And Replacement:
        
        
            SRS module diagnostics, airbag unit replacement, seatbelt pre-tensioner replacement.
        
     
    
        
            Troubleshooting Guides:
        
        
            Systematic troubleshooting procedures for common and uncommon faults, including symptom-based diagnostics.
        
     
    
        
            Wiring Diagrams:
        
        
            Comprehensive electrical wiring diagrams for all vehicle systems, including component locations and connector pinouts.
        
     
    
        
            Specifications And Tolerances:
        
        
            Detailed torque specifications, clearances, fluid capacities, and critical component measurements.
        
     
    
    
        
            Depth Of Coverage:
        
        
            Complete (from basic maintenance to full engine/transmission overhaul and complex electrical diagnostics)
        
     
    
        
            Diagnostic Capabilities:
        
        
            Advanced diagnostic procedures, including the use of scan tools and interpretation of live data.
        
     
    
        
            Rebuild Procedures:
        
        
            Detailed instructions for the complete disassembly, inspection, repair, and reassembly of major mechanical components.
        
     
 
    
    
    
        
            Engine Type 1.6L:
        
        
            Naturally Aspirated Inline-4 (Gamma G4FC)
        
     
    
        
            Displacement 1.6L:
        
        
            1591 cc (97.0 cu in)
        
     
    
        
            Bore X Stroke 1.6L:
        
        
            77.0 mm x 85.4 mm (approx.)
        
     
    
        
            Compression Ratio 1.6L:
        
        
            10.5:1 (approx.)
        
     
    
        
            Horsepower 1.6L:
        
        
            Approx. 133-135 PS (98-99 kW; 131-133 bhp) @ 6300 rpm
        
     
    
        
            Torque 1.6L:
        
        
            Approx. 165 Nm (122 lb-ft) @ 4850 rpm
        
     
    
    
        
            Engine Type 2.0L:
        
        
            Naturally Aspirated Inline-4 (Theta II G4KD)
        
     
    
        
            Displacement 2.0L:
        
        
            1998 cc (121.9 cu in)
        
     
    
        
            Bore X Stroke 2.0L:
        
        
            86.0 mm x 86.0 mm (approx.)
        
     
    
        
            Compression Ratio 2.0L:
        
        
            10.1:1 (approx.)
        
     
    
        
            Horsepower 2.0L:
        
        
            Approx. 163-166 PS (120-122 kW; 161-164 bhp) @ 6500 rpm
        
     
    
        
            Torque 2.0L:
        
        
            Approx. 205 Nm (151 lb-ft) @ 4800 rpm
        
     
    
        
        Primary Engine 1.7L Diesel
    
 
    
        
            Engine Type 1.7L Diesel:
        
        
            Turbocharged Diesel Inline-4 (U2)
        
     
    
        
            Displacement 1.7L Diesel:
        
        
            1685 cc (102.8 cu in)
        
     
    
        
            Horsepower 1.7L Diesel:
        
        
            Approx. 115 PS (85 kW; 113 bhp) @ 4000 rpm
        
     
    
        
            Torque 1.7L Diesel:
        
        
            Approx. 260-280 Nm (192-207 lb-ft) @ 1250-3000 rpm
        
     
    
    
        
            Fuel Delivery Gasoline:
        
        
            Multi-Point Fuel Injection (MPI) for 1.6L, GDI (Gasoline Direct Injection) may be available on certain 2.0L variants.
        
     
    
        
            Fuel Delivery Diesel:
        
        
            Common Rail Direct Injection (CRDI)
        
     
    
        
            Fuel Type:
        
        
            Unleaded Gasoline (91 RON minimum recommended), Diesel Fuel.
        
     
    
    
        
            Emissions Standard:
        
        
            Euro 5 / equivalent (depending on market)
        
     
 
    
    
        
        Service Intervals Gasoline
    
 
    
        
            Oil Change Interval Gasoline:
        
        
            15,000 km (9,375 miles) or 12 months, whichever comes first (for synthetic oil, under normal driving conditions). Check manual for severe conditions.
        
     
    
        
            Air Filter Replacement Gasoline:
        
        
            30,000 km (18,750 miles) or 24 months (check manual for severe conditions).
        
     
    
        
            Spark Plug Replacement Gasoline 1.6L:
        
        
            Approx. 100,000 km (62,500 miles) for Iridium plugs.
        
     
    
    
        
            Oil Change Interval Diesel:
        
        
            15,000 km (9,375 miles) or 12 months, whichever comes first (for synthetic oil, under normal driving conditions). Check manual for severe conditions.
        
     
    
        
            Fuel Filter Replacement Diesel:
        
        
            Refer to manual, typically longer intervals but inspection recommended.
        
     
    
    
        
            Engine Oil Type:
        
        
            API SN or ILSAC GF-5 compliant, viscosity grade SAE 0W-20 or 5W-30 (confirm specific grade with manual based on climate).
        
     
    
        
            Engine Oil Capacity 1.6L:
        
        
            Approx. 3.7-4.0 liters with filter change.
        
     
    
        
            Engine Oil Capacity 2.0L:
        
        
            Approx. 4.0-4.5 liters with filter change.
        
     
    
        
            Coolant Type:
        
        
            Ethylene Glycol based antifreeze, long-life type (e.g., Kia Super Long Life Coolant).
        
     
    
        
            Brake Fluid Type:
        
        
            DOT 3 or DOT 4 (confirm with manual).
        
     
    
        
            Power Steering Fluid Type:
        
        
            Refer to manual, may use ATF or specific power steering fluid depending on system type (EPS often requires none).
        
     
    
    
        
            Common Issues Early Models:
        
        
            Occasional reports of minor electrical gremlins, HVAC blower motor issues, or certain suspension component wear. Turbo lag on diesel variants might be noted by some drivers.
        
     
    
        
            General Maintenance Tips:
        
        
            Regularly check tire pressures, brake fluid level, and coolant. Keep air filters clean for optimal performance and fuel economy.