Segment:
Luxury Executive Sedan
Target Audience:
Professionals, enthusiasts, and owners seeking to maintain and repair their classic BMW sedan
Key Competitors:
Mercedes-Benz W123, Audi 5000, Volvo 240, Jaguar XJ
Driving Dynamics:
Renowned for its balanced chassis, precise steering, and comfortable ride, characteristic of BMW's 'Ultimate Driving Machine' ethos
Engine Smoothness:
The M30 straight-six engine provided strong, smooth power delivery
Build Quality:
Exceptional build quality and durable engineering typical of BMW vehicles from this era
Manual Value Proposition:
Essential for owners of this classic vehicle to perform maintenance and repairs, preserving its value and performance.
Engine Mechanical:
Engine assembly, disassembly, cylinder head, pistons, crankshaft, camshaft, timing, lubrication system, cooling system
Fuel System:
Fuel injection (Bosch L-Jetronic), fuel pump, injectors, fuel pressure regulator, fuel lines, fuel tank
Ignition System:
Distributor, ignition coil, spark plugs, ignition timing, electronic control unit (ECU)
Transmission:
Manual (Getrag 260), Automatic (ZF 4HP22), clutch, driveshaft, differential
Suspension:
Front suspension (MacPherson struts), rear suspension (semi-trailing arms), shock absorbers, springs, control arms, sway bars
Brakes:
Front disc brakes, rear disc brakes, brake system hydraulics, parking brake, ABS (if equipped)
Steering:
Power steering system, steering rack, steering column, steering wheel
Electrical System:
Battery, charging system (alternator), starting system (starter motor), lighting system, power windows, central locking, fuses, relays, wiring diagrams
Body And Chassis:
Body panels, doors, hood, trunk, bumpers, interior trim, chassis components
HVAC:
Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) system components and operation
Routine Maintenance:
Oil changes, filter replacements, fluid checks and top-offs, spark plug replacement, belt inspections
Troubleshooting:
Diagnostic procedures for common starting, running, and system issues; fault code interpretation (where applicable)
Repair And Rebuild:
Detailed step-by-step instructions for component disassembly, repair, and reassembly (e.g., engine rebuild, transmission overhaul, brake caliper replacement)
Diagnostics:
Testing procedures for electrical components, fuel system pressures, ignition timing, and sensor outputs
Adjustments:
Carburetor (if applicable, though 525i typically has injection), idle speed, ignition timing, brake adjustments
Depth:
Comprehensive, covering everything from basic maintenance to complete engine and transmission overhauls
Diagnostic Tools:
Information on specialized tools and diagnostic equipment required for specific procedures
Torque Specifications:
Detailed torque values for critical fasteners across all systems
Clearances And Tolerances:
Precise specifications for engine component clearances, valve lash, bearing tolerances, etc.
Type:
Getrag 260 5-Speed Manual Transmission
Type:
ZF 4HP22 4-Speed Automatic Transmission
Manual Gear Ratios:
1st: 4.00, 2nd: 2.26, 3rd: 1.41, 4th: 1.00, 5th: 0.81, Reverse: 3.75 (typical for Getrag 260)
Automatic Features:
Torque converter lock-up in higher gears
Manual Fluid:
GL-4 Hypoid Gear Oil, SAE 75W-90 or 80W-90
Automatic Fluid:
BMW ATF Dexron-III (or equivalent)
Oil Change Interval:
Typically 10,000-15,000 km (6,000-9,000 miles) or annually. Consult manual for exact interval.
Air Filter Replacement:
Every 20,000-30,000 km (12,000-18,000 miles).
Spark Plug Replacement:
Every 30,000-40,000 km (18,000-25,000 miles).
Coolant Flush:
Every 2-3 years or 40,000-60,000 km.
Engine Oil Type:
API SG/SH or equivalent, viscosity SAE 10W-40 or 15W-50 recommended, though 5W-30/10W-30 is acceptable in colder climates. Consult manual for specific BMW approval.
Coolant Type:
BMW Blue Coolant (G48) or a quality Ethylene Glycol-based antifreeze mixed 50/50 with distilled water.
Brake Fluid Type:
DOT 3 or DOT 4
Rust Corrosion:
Common on wheel arches, sills, and trunk floor due to age.
Fuel Injector Issues:
Bosch L-Jetronic injectors can become clogged or fail over time.
Cooling System Leaks:
Hoses, radiator, and water pump are prone to leaks with age.
Electrical Gremlins:
Aging wiring insulation, failing relays, and corroded connectors can lead to intermittent electrical issues.
Suspension Wear:
Bushings, ball joints, and control arms can wear, affecting handling and ride quality.
Bmw Philosophy:
BMW has a long history of producing sporty, driver-focused luxury cars, emphasizing performance, engineering, and quality.
E12 Predecessor:
The 525i (E28) succeeded the E12 5 Series, representing an evolution in design, technology, and safety.
E28 Generation:
The E28 was produced from 1981 to 1988, with the 525i being a core model in many markets. It featured a more aerodynamic design and improved chassis dynamics compared to its predecessor.
Manufacturing Location:
Germany
Production Years E28:
1981-1988
