🏷️ Basic Information

Make:

BMW

Model:

5-Series

Chassis Code:

E28

Variant:

518i

Generation:

E28

Engine Code Series:

M10 Series

👋 Introduction

Positioning:

The BMW 5-Series (E28) was positioned as a premium executive sedan, offering a blend of performance, luxury, and sophisticated engineering characteristic of BMW's 'Ultimate Driving Machine' ethos.

Competitors:

Key competitors included the Mercedes-Benz W124 E-Class, Audi 100, Jaguar XJ, and various American luxury sedans of the era.

Design Philosophy:

The E28's design, an evolution of the E12, emphasized clean lines, aerodynamic efficiency, and functional integration of components, a hallmark of BMW's design language under Claus Luthe.

Engineering Highlights:

Known for its robust chassis, sophisticated independent suspension, and driver-focused cockpit, the E28 offered a superior driving experience.

Value:

This manual provides professional-level repair and maintenance information, empowering owners and independent mechanics to service and maintain the E28 518i effectively, saving time and money.

Usability:

Designed for both DIY enthusiasts and professional mechanics, featuring clear text, high-quality diagrams, and step-by-step instructions for ease of use.

📋 Manual Details

Coverage Years:

1985-1988

Specific Models Covered:

BMW 518i (E28)

Estimated Page Count:

Varies by publisher, typically 500-1000+ pages for a full service manual.

Type:

Full Service Repair Manual

Language:

English

Format:

PDF

📖 Manual Coverage

Engine:

Complete service, maintenance, troubleshooting, and overhaul of the M10 engine family, including fuel injection and ignition systems.

Transmission:

Service and repair procedures for manual and automatic transmissions, including clutch, gear linkage, and gearbox overhaul.

Drivetrain:

Rear-wheel drive system, differential, driveshafts, and universal joints.

Suspension:

Front and rear suspension components, shock absorbers, springs, control arms, bushings, and alignment procedures.

Steering:

Power steering system, steering rack, tie rods, and steering column.

Brakes:

Hydraulic brake system, including master cylinder, brake lines, calipers, pads, rotors, rear drums, and ABS (if equipped).

Electrical System:

Comprehensive wiring diagrams, battery, alternator, starter, lighting, instrumentation, and accessory circuits.

Fuel System:

Fuel tank, fuel pump, fuel lines, injectors, fuel pressure regulator, and L-Jetronic/Motronic fuel injection system details.

Cooling System:

Radiator, coolant hoses, thermostat, water pump, and fan assembly.

Exhaust System:

Exhaust manifolds, catalytic converter, mufflers, and pipework.

Body And Chassis:

Body panels, doors, hoods, trunk, glass, seals, and interior trim removal/installation.

HVAC:

Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning system service and repair.

Maintenance:

Scheduled maintenance, oil changes, filter replacements, spark plug changes, belt adjustments, and fluid level checks.

Troubleshooting:

Diagnostic procedures for common problems, fault codes, and electrical system troubleshooting guides.

Repair:

Step-by-step repair instructions for all major mechanical and electrical components, including complete engine and transmission rebuilds.

Diagnostics:

Detailed diagnostic charts and procedures for identifying and resolving mechanical and electrical faults.

Disassembly Reassembly:

Comprehensive instructions for the removal and installation of virtually every component on the vehicle.

Depth:

Comprehensive, covering everything from basic fluid changes to complete engine overhauls and electronic diagnostics.

📊 Manual Specifications

Format:

PDF

Printability:

Full Printable

Zoom Capability:

Yes, zoom in/out for clarity on diagrams and text.

Binding:

Digital Download (PDF)

Paper Type:

N/A (Digital)

Delivery Method:

Instant Download

Software Requirements:

Adobe PDF Reader & WinZip (or equivalent decompression software).

Operating Systems:

Compatible with all versions of Windows & Mac.

⚙️ Engine Specifications

Engine Type:

Inline 4-cylinder, naturally aspirated

Engine Code:

M10 (specifically variants like M10B18)

Displacement:

1.8 Liters (1766 cc)

Bore X Stroke:

89.0 mm x 71.0 mm

Compression Ratio:

8.0:1 or 8.2:1 (depending on market and specific variant)

Horsepower Ps:

Approx. 90 PS (66 kW) at 5500 rpm

Torque Nm:

Approx. 140 Nm (103 lb-ft) at 3000 rpm

Fuel Injection:

Bosch L-Jetronic or Motronic (depending on year/market)

Fuel Type:

Unleaded gasoline (91 RON minimum recommended)

Ignition Type:

Electronic ignition with distributor

Cooling Type:

Liquid-cooled

🔧 Transmission

Type:

4-speed manual transmission

Type:

4-speed automatic transmission (ZF 4HP22)

Clutch Type:

Single dry plate, hydraulic actuation

Drive Type:

Rear-wheel drive

📐 Dimensions

Length Mm:

4725 mm

Width Mm:

1700 mm

Height Mm:

1420 mm

Wheelbase Mm:

2795 mm

Curb Weight Kg:

Approx. 1350 kg (manual transmission)

🛡️ Safety Features

Crash Test Results:

While specific official crash test ratings for the 1985-1988 E28 518i are not readily available from modern standards, the E28 chassis was engineered with a strong safety cell, crumple zones, and safety features expected of premium vehicles of its era.

Braking System:

Front ventilated discs, rear solid discs. ABS (Anti-lock Braking System) was an option on some models/markets.

Seat Belts:

3-point inertia reel seat belts front and rear.

Steering Column:

Collapsible steering column.

Body Structure:

Reinforced safety cell, impact-absorbing bumpers.

💡 Technology Features

Audio System:

Typically featured factory-installed analog radios with cassette players, often with upgraded speaker systems as an option.

Climate Control:

Manual or optional automatic climate control systems were available.

ABS:

Anti-lock Braking System (ABS) was an optional feature on some E28 models and markets, enhancing braking control.

Connectivity Era:

Connectivity in the modern sense was not present. Features were focused on vehicle operation and comfort.

🔧 Maintenance

Oil Change Interval:

Typically every 7,500 - 15,000 km (4,500 - 9,000 miles) or annually, whichever comes first, depending on driving conditions and oil used. Consult manual for exact recommendation.

Air Filter Replacement:

Every 15,000 - 30,000 km (9,000 - 18,000 miles) or as needed based on driving environment.

Spark Plug Replacement:

Every 30,000 - 50,000 km (18,000 - 30,000 miles), depending on spark plug type (e.g., copper vs. platinum).

Coolant Flush Interval:

Every 2-3 years or 40,000 - 60,000 km (25,000 - 37,000 miles).

Engine Oil Specification:

API SG or higher; SAE 10W-40 or 15W-40 recommended for general use. Refer to manual for seasonal recommendations.

Coolant Specification:

BMW approved ethylene glycol-based coolant (typically 50/50 mix with distilled water).

Brake Fluid Specification:

DOT 3 or DOT 4 hydraulic brake fluid.

Transmission Fluid Manual:

API GL-4 SAE 75W-90 or SAE 80W-90 gear oil.

Transmission Fluid Automatic:

Dexron II or equivalent ATF (Automatic Transmission Fluid).

Differential Fluid:

API GL-5 SAE 75W-90 or SAE 80W-90 gear oil.

Common Issues:

Corrosion (especially around wheel arches, sills, and strut towers), aging rubber components (bushings, hoses, seals), fuel distributor issues (M10 engines with K-Jetronic), injector seal leaks, sunroof drain blockages, and occasional electrical gremlins.

M10 Engine Quirks:

The M10 engine is known for its durability but can suffer from oil leaks if not properly maintained, particularly around the oil pan gasket and valve cover. Timing chain wear can also be a concern over high mileage.

📚 Vehicle History

Heritage Context:

BMW, established in 1916, has a long history of producing high-performance luxury vehicles and motorsport-winning engines, cementing its reputation for engineering excellence.

E28 Development:

The E28 was the second generation of the 5 Series, introduced in 1981 as a successor to the E12. It featured a more modern design, improved aerodynamics, and refined engineering.

E28 Generation Significance:

The E28 generation saw BMW solidify its position in the executive sedan market, introducing advanced technologies like ABS and a more sophisticated electronic fuel injection system.

Production Years:

1981-1988

Manufacturing Locations:

Primarily manufactured at BMW's Dingolfing plant in Germany, with some assembly also occurring in other international locations.

Market Entry:

The 518i was the entry-level model for many markets, offering a more accessible and fuel-efficient option within the E28 range.

🏆 Awards & Recognition

Automotive Press Acclaim:

The E28 generation of the 5 Series was generally well-received by automotive journalists for its driving dynamics, build quality, and performance, solidifying BMW's reputation as a manufacturer of driver-oriented luxury cars.