Market Position:
The Mazda 121 (DA series) was Mazda's entry-level subcompact car, often positioned as an economical and practical choice in its segment. It competed with vehicles like the Ford Festiva (which it shared a platform with in many markets), Honda City, Nissan March/Micra, and Suzuki Swift/Cultus.
Competitive Analysis:
Known for its compact size, fuel efficiency, and affordability, the 121 offered a straightforward driving experience. The 1990 model year represents a mature iteration of this generation, focusing on reliability for its class.
Key Features:
Compact dimensions for urban maneuverability, fuel-efficient engines, practical interior layout, and typically a lower price point compared to larger vehicles.
Manual Value Proposition:
This manual provides the essential technical data and procedures needed to maintain and repair the 1990 Mazda 121, enabling owners and technicians to keep the vehicle in optimal condition, reducing reliance on expensive dealership services.
Engine Mechanical:
Engine removal/installation, cylinder head, valve train, pistons, crankshaft, lubrication system, cooling system, fuel system (carburetor/injection), exhaust system.
Engine Performance:
Engine tuning, ignition timing, idle speed control, emission controls.
Fuel System:
Fuel tank, fuel pump, fuel lines, fuel injectors (if applicable), carburetor specifications and adjustment.
Brakes:
Brake system operation, hydraulic circuits, master cylinder, brake boosters, front/rear brake components (discs/drums), parking brake.
Suspension Steering:
Front suspension (MacPherson struts), rear suspension, shock absorbers, springs, bushings, steering gear, power steering (if equipped), wheel alignment specifications.
Electrical System:
Wiring diagrams, battery, charging system (alternator, starter), ignition system, lighting system, instrument cluster, power windows/locks (if equipped).
Body Chassis:
Body construction, doors, hood, trunk lid, bumpers, interior trim, chassis lubrication.
Heating Ac:
HVAC system operation, blower motor, heater core, A/C system (if equipped), refrigerant handling precautions.
Transmission Manual:
Clutch system, manual gearbox disassembly/assembly, gear ratios, shift linkage adjustment, driveshafts.
Transmission Automatic:
Automatic transmission operation, fluid checks, band/clutch adjustments (if applicable).
Maintenance:
Scheduled maintenance intervals, oil changes, filter replacements, fluid checks and top-offs, belt inspection/replacement.
Disassembly Assembly:
Step-by-step instructions for component removal and reinstallation.
Cleaning:
Procedures for cleaning specific components during repair.
Troubleshooting:
Diagnostic charts and procedures for identifying and resolving common problems.
Repair:
Detailed repair instructions for all major systems.
Technical Depth:
Factory-level technical information suitable for professional technicians and advanced DIY enthusiasts. Includes critical specifications, torque values, diagnostic procedures, and schematics.
Print Quality:
Full Printable (designed for high-resolution printing of all content).
Binding Type:
Digital Download (N/A for physical binding)
Paper Type:
Digital Download (N/A for physical paper type)
Software Requirements:
Adobe PDF Reader, WinZip (for extraction if compressed).
Compatibility:
All Versions of Windows & Mac
Engine Code Options:
Commonly featured the B-series engines, such as the 1.1L (B1, B1A) and 1.3L (B3, B3E). Specific engine availability varied by market.
Horsepower 1.1L:
Approximately 54-60 PS (40-44 kW) @ 6000 rpm (for B1 engine).
Torque 1.1L:
Approximately 80-85 Nm @ 3000-3500 rpm (for B1 engine).
Horsepower 1.3L:
Approximately 63-73 PS (46-54 kW) @ 5500-6000 rpm (for B3 engine).
Torque 1.3L:
Approximately 100-110 Nm @ 3000-3500 rpm (for B3 engine).
Fuel Delivery 1.1L:
Carburetor (e.g., Keihin or Hitachi, single-barrel or twin-barrel depending on variant).
Fuel Delivery 1.3L:
Carburetor or Fuel Injection (EFI) depending on market and trim level.
Fuel Type:
Unleaded Gasoline
Engine Layout:
Inline 4-cylinder, front-wheel drive.
Transmission Standard:
4-speed or 5-speed Manual Transmission.
Transmission Optional:
3-speed Automatic Transmission (less common).
Clutch Type:
Hydraulically actuated dry single-plate clutch.
Manual Transmission Fluid:
API GL-4 SAE 75W-90 or SAE 80W-90 gear oil. (Refer to manual for specific Mazda part numbers or alternatives).
Automatic Transmission Fluid:
Dexron II or equivalent (if equipped).
Overall Length:
Approximately 3,695 - 3,785 mm (depending on specific body style and bumper configurations).
Overall Width:
Approximately 1,605 - 1,625 mm.
Overall Height:
Approximately 1,350 - 1,395 mm.
Wheelbase:
Approximately 2,345 mm.
Curb Weight:
Approximately 800 - 900 kg (depending on engine and equipment).
Gross Vehicle Weight Rating:
Typically around 1,250 kg.
Cargo Volume:
Limited, typical for a subcompact hatchback, with folding rear seats enhancing utility.
Crash Test Ratings:
Information from the 1990 era may be limited or market-specific. Likely no standardized global ratings like modern NCAP. Focus on basic structural integrity for its class.
Active Features:
Front disc brakes, rear drum brakes. Standard anti-roll bar (front).
Passive Features:
Seat belts (likely manual 3-point front, 2-point rear), reinforced passenger compartment. Limited advanced passive safety features.
Tire Size:
Common sizes include 155/80 R13, 165/70 R13, or 175/65 R14 depending on trim and market.
Wheel Bolt Pattern:
Commonly 4x100mm or 4x110mm.
Infotainment System:
Basic AM/FM radio with cassette player was common. Some models may have had options for more advanced stereo systems. No digital displays or complex electronics.
Driver Assistance Features:
Very limited; primarily mechanical features like power steering (if optioned) and basic ABS (anti-lock braking system) might have been available on higher trims or in specific markets, but not standard.
Connectivity Features:
None in the modern sense. Mechanical linkages and basic electrical systems.
Oil Change Interval:
Every 5,000 - 7,500 km or 6 months, whichever comes first. (Refer to manual for precise interval based on driving conditions).
Air Filter Replacement:
Every 15,000 - 20,000 km or as needed based on operating environment. Inspect more frequently.
Spark Plug Replacement:
Typically every 30,000 - 40,000 km for standard spark plugs. Check manual for specific type.
Timing Belt Replacement:
Crucial: Mazda B-series engines often use timing belts. Interval is typically 60,000 - 90,000 km or 4-5 years. Failure can cause severe engine damage (interference engine).
Engine Oil Specification:
API SG or higher, SAE 10W-30 or 10W-40. (Check manual for viscosity recommendation based on ambient temperature).
Coolant Specification:
Ethylene glycol based antifreeze/coolant, typically a 50/50 mix with distilled water. Use Mazda Genuine Long Life Coolant or equivalent. (Refer to manual for specific type).
Brake Fluid Specification:
DOT 3 or DOT 4 glycol-based brake fluid.
Known Issues:
Common issues for vehicles of this age and class can include: exhaust system rust, suspension component wear (bushings, ball joints), minor oil leaks from seals, carburetor tuning issues, occasional electrical contact problems, and A/C system leaks (if equipped).
Brand Heritage:
Mazda has a history of producing reliable and engaging small cars, often known for their affordability and driving dynamics relative to their price point.
Model Evolution 121:
The 121 nameplate has been used by Mazda for different models in various markets. The 1990 model represents the second generation (DA series), which was largely developed in collaboration with Ford and the Ford Festiva.
Production Years:
Second generation (DA series) production typically ran from 1987/1988 to around 1991/1992, with the 1990 model being a mid-cycle year for this generation.
Manufacturing Locations:
Produced in various plants, often shared with Ford Festiva production, including facilities in Japan and potentially other international locations.
