Segment:
Compact/Small Family Car
Differentiation:
Standard All-Wheel Drive (AWD) on most models, rally heritage reputation, boxer engine layout.
Competitors:
Honda Civic, Toyota Corolla, Mitsubishi Lancer, Nissan Sentra, Ford Escort.
AWD Standard:
Subaru's Symmetrical All-Wheel Drive system was a significant differentiator, offering enhanced traction and stability.
Engine Layout:
Horizontally-opposed (Boxer) engine, contributing to a lower center of gravity and improved handling.
Performance Variants:
Introduction of performance-oriented models like the WRX (though initially focused on rally homologation and not widely available in all markets for this generation).
Engine:
Engine mechanical (EJ15, EJ16, EJ18, EJ20 variants), fuel injection, ignition system, cooling system, lubrication system, exhaust system, emissions control.
Transmission:
Manual transmission (e.g., MY, TY) and Automatic transmission (e.g., TZ, TV) repair, maintenance, and diagnostics.
Drivetrain:
All-Wheel Drive (AWD) system, viscous coupling center differential, front and rear differentials, driveshafts, CV joints.
Suspension:
Front struts, rear struts, coil springs, control arms, sway bars, bushings, alignment specifications.
Brakes:
Front and rear brake systems (disc and drum configurations), ABS (if equipped), hydraulic components, parking brake.
Steering:
Power steering system, steering rack, tie rods, steering column.
Electrical:
Complete electrical system, wiring diagrams, fuse box locations, component testing, starter, alternator, battery, lighting, instruments, gauges, power windows, door locks.
Body:
Body panel removal and installation, interior trim, doors, hood, trunk, glass, seals, rust prevention, chassis specifications.
HVAC:
Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning (HVAC) system components, refrigerant, operation, and diagnosis.
Maintenance:
Scheduled maintenance, oil changes, filter replacements, fluid checks and changes, spark plug replacement, belt inspection and replacement.
Repair:
Engine overhaul, transmission rebuild, brake caliper replacement, strut replacement, timing belt replacement, clutch service, suspension component replacement.
Diagnostics:
Troubleshooting guides for common issues, symptom-based diagnosis, electrical diagnostic procedures, engine performance diagnostics.
Troubleshooting:
Step-by-step troubleshooting for drivability problems, starting issues, electrical malfunctions, and performance concerns.
Specifications:
Torque specifications for all fasteners, diagnostic data, alignment angles, fluid capacities, clearances, and other critical measurements.
Depth:
Comprehensive, from basic maintenance to full engine and transmission rebuilds, including detailed diagnostic flows and wiring diagrams.
Engine Code Common:
EJ22 (2.2L Naturally Aspirated)
Engine Displacement Common:
2.2 Liters (2200cc)
Engine Configuration:
Horizontally-opposed 4-cylinder (Boxer)
Horsepower Typical:
Approximately 110-135 HP (depending on engine and market)
Torque Typical:
Approximately 130-145 lb-ft
Redline Rpm:
Around 6500 RPM
Fuel Delivery:
Electronic Fuel Injection (EFI) with sequential port injection.
Fuel Type:
Unleaded Gasoline
Other Engines Available:
EJ15 (1.5L), EJ16 (1.6L), EJ18 (1.8L), EJ20 (2.0L Naturally Aspirated and Turbocharged for specific markets/performance variants).
Type:
5-Speed Manual Transmission
Type:
4-Speed Automatic Transmission
AWD System:
Subaru's Symmetrical All-Wheel Drive integrated with both manual and automatic transmissions. Varies by transmission type (e.g., viscous coupling center diff in manuals, electronically controlled clutch pack in automatics).
Manual Transmission Fluid:
API GL-5 Gear Oil, SAE 75W-90 (verify in manual for specific variants)
Automatic Transmission Fluid:
Subaru ATF-HP or equivalent (verify in manual)
Length Sedan:
Approximately 4,345 mm (171.1 in)
Width Sedan:
Approximately 1,690 mm (66.5 in)
Height Sedan:
Approximately 1,400 mm (55.1 in)
Wheelbase:
Approximately 2,520 mm (99.2 in)
Curb Weight:
Approximately 1,200 - 1,350 kg (2,645 - 2,976 lbs), depending on body style and equipment.
Oil Change:
Typically every 7,500 miles or 6 months (using synthetic oil recommended by Subaru for this era). Check manual for exact recommendation.
Timing Belt:
Crucial maintenance item. Typically recommended replacement every 60,000-100,000 miles or 5-7 years due to interference engine design. Refer to manual for precise interval and related component replacement (water pump, tensioner, idlers).
Spark Plugs:
Approximately 30,000 - 60,000 miles depending on plug type (copper vs. platinum). Manual will specify.
Engine Oil:
API SG/SH rated, SAE 10W-30 or 10W-40 (verify viscosity based on climate and manual recommendation).
Coolant:
Subaru Super Coolant or equivalent mixture of antifreeze and distilled water (typically 50/50).
Brake Fluid:
DOT 3 or DOT 4.
Head Gaskets:
While head gasket issues became more prevalent in later generations, early EJ engines can still be susceptible, particularly if overheated. Manual will cover inspection and repair.
Oil Leaks:
Valve cover gaskets, oil pan gaskets, and front/rear main seals can be common leak points with age.
Suspension Wear:
Bushings and struts can wear out over time, affecting ride quality and handling. Manual provides replacement procedures and alignment specs.
