Vehicle Segment:
Compact Executive / Mid-size Sedan and Station Wagon
Key Competitors:
BMW 3 Series, Mercedes-Benz 190E, Audi 80/90, Saab 900, Ford Sierra/ Scorpio, Peugeot 405.
Volvo Philosophy:
Emphasis on safety, durability, reliability, and practicality.
Model Strengths:
Robust construction, comfortable ride, strong safety reputation, distinctive Scandinavian design, practical station wagon variant.
General Coverage:
Complete service, repair, and troubleshooting for the 1993 Volvo 940.
Specific Systems Covered:
Engine mechanical, fuel system, ignition system, cooling system, exhaust system, engine management (ECU), transmission (manual & automatic), driveline, brakes (ABS), steering, suspension, electrical system, HVAC, body and interior, safety systems (seatbelts, airbags if applicable).
Estimated Page Count:
1500+
Manual Type:
Service and Repair Manual
Software Format:
Digital Software (likely PDF or proprietary viewer)
Engine Mechanical:
Detailed disassembly, inspection, and reassembly procedures for all engine components including cylinder head, block, pistons, crankshaft, camshafts, timing belt/chain. Torque specifications and clearances provided.
Fuel System:
Fuel injection system (Bosch LH Jetronic or similar), fuel pump, injectors, fuel pressure regulator, fuel filter replacement, diagnostic procedures.
Ignition System:
Ignition coil, distributor (if applicable), spark plugs, ignition timing, troubleshooting ignition faults.
Transmission:
Manual gearbox (M46, M47) and automatic transmission (AW71, AW72) service, fluid change intervals, troubleshooting, component replacement.
Brakes:
Hydraulic system, brake pads, rotors, calipers, wheel cylinders, ABS system (if equipped), bleeding procedures, diagnostic fault codes.
Electrical System:
Wiring diagrams, fuse box locations and functions, relay identification, starter motor, alternator, battery, lighting system, power windows, locks, and mirrors.
Routine Maintenance:
Oil and filter changes, air filter replacement, spark plug replacement, coolant flush, brake fluid change, drive belt inspection and replacement.
Troubleshooting:
Systematic diagnostic flowcharts for common drivability issues, electrical problems, and mechanical failures. Symptom-based troubleshooting guides.
Major Repairs:
Engine rebuild, transmission overhaul, suspension component replacement, brake system overhaul, fuel system component replacement.
Diagnostic Procedures:
Detailed procedures for using diagnostic tools (e.g., multimeters, oscilloscopes), reading diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs), and interpreting sensor data.
Special Tools:
Identification and usage of specialized tools required for specific Volvo 940 repairs and adjustments.
Engine Code Gasoline Naturally Aspirated:
B230F (2.3L SOHC Inline-4)
Engine Code Gasoline Turbocharged:
B230FT (2.3L SOHC Turbocharged Inline-4)
Engine Displacement Naturally Aspirated:
2316 cc (141.3 cu in)
Engine Displacement Turbocharged:
2316 cc (141.3 cu in)
Horsepower Naturally Aspirated:
114 hp @ 5000 rpm (approx.)
Torque Naturally Aspirated:
191 Nm (141 lb-ft) @ 2500 rpm (approx.)
Horsepower Turbocharged:
162 hp @ 5200 rpm (approx.)
Torque Turbocharged:
268 Nm (198 lb-ft) @ 2500 rpm (approx.)
Fuel Delivery:
Bosch LH-Jetronic electronic fuel injection
Fuel Type:
Unleaded gasoline
ECM Type:
ECU (Engine Control Unit) with diagnostic capabilities.
Emissions Control:
Catalytic converter, oxygen sensors.
Standard Transmission Type:
5-speed Manual (M46 O/D or M47)
Optional Transmission Type:
4-speed Automatic (AW71 or AW72, with lock-up torque converter)
Automatic Transmission Modes:
Economy (E) and Power (P) modes
Automatic Transmission Fluid Type:
Dexron II
Manual Transmission Fluid Type:
SAE 75W-90 or SAE 80W-90 GL-4 Gear Oil
Crash Test Performance:
Volvos of this era were renowned for their robust safety structures, generally outperforming competitors in impact tests available at the time.
ABS:
Anti-lock Braking System available on some models.
Airbags:
Driver's side airbag standard on most 1993 models, passenger airbag optional/unavailable depending on market.
Seatbelts:
Three-point seatbelts with pretensioners (front), reinforced cage construction, crumple zones.
Child Safety:
Rear door child safety locks, ISOFIX mounting points typically not present in this generation.
Engine Oil Change:
Every 7,500 miles or 12 months, whichever comes first (synthetic oil recommended).
Air Filter Replacement:
Every 15,000 - 30,000 miles or as needed based on driving conditions.
Spark Plug Replacement:
Every 30,000 miles (standard) or 60,000 miles (platinum/iridium).
Timing Belt Replacement:
Every 60,000 miles or 5 years (critical for engine longevity, interference engine).
Engine Oil Capacity And Type:
5.2 liters (5.5 quarts) of 5W-30, 10W-30, or 5W-40 synthetic or conventional oil (check owner's manual for specific viscosity recommendations based on climate).
Coolant Type:
Volvo Coolant (Green) or equivalent G-48 ethylene glycol-based antifreeze mixed 50/50 with distilled water.
Brake Fluid Type:
DOT 3 or DOT 4
Common Electrical Problems:
Faulty fuel pump relay, intermittent electrical connections, worn wiring insulation.
Common Engine Problems:
Oil leaks (e.g., crankshaft seals, valve cover gasket), carbon build-up in cylinders, MAF sensor issues (less common on this model), injector seal leaks.
Common Suspension Problems:
Worn control arm bushings, worn ball joints, aging shock absorbers.
Common Cooling System Problems:
Leaking radiator, faulty thermostat, worn hoses.
Common Fuel System Problems:
Clogged fuel filter, failing fuel pump, dirty fuel injectors.
Volvo Heritage:
Volvo's long-standing reputation for safety, durability, and engineering excellence.
940 Lineage:
Successor to the 700 series, sharing many components but with a more refined and slightly updated design. The 940 represented a more 'traditional' Volvo offering compared to the 960.
Production Years:
1990-1998
Manufacturing Locations:
Ghent, Belgium; Kalmar, Sweden; Halifax, Canada; also assembled in other locations under license.
Safety Awards:
Consistently rated highly for safety in its era by independent organizations and government bodies due to Volvo's inherent safety focus.
Reliability Reputation:
Known for strong long-term reliability and durability, particularly the naturally aspirated models.
Certification Standard:
Vehicles met or exceeded all applicable US Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards (FMVSS) and equivalent international standards for 1993.
