Engine Codes Covered:
M60B30, M60B40, M62B44 (likely based on typical 1994 offerings and service manual scope)
Transmission Codes Covered:
ZF 5HP30 (Automatic), Getrag S6-37 (Manual)
Market Position:
The BMW 8 Series E31 was a high-end, luxury grand tourer, positioned as a flagship coupe, competing with models like the Mercedes-Benz SL and Jaguar XJS in the premium sports car segment.
Competitive Analysis:
Known for its sophisticated V8 and V12 engines, advanced technology for its time, and distinctive 'Bangle-butt' design. The E31 offered a blend of performance and luxury, targeting affluent buyers seeking a stylish and potent GT car.
Key Features:
Retractable pop-up headlights, frameless windows, sophisticated aerodynamics, available V12 engine, and advanced electronics for the era.
Systems Covered:
Engine mechanical and management, ignition, fuel system, cooling, exhaust, emissions control, manual transmission, automatic transmission, clutch (manual & automatic), driveshaft, differential, brakes, hydraulic systems, suspension (front & rear), steering, body and interior, electrical systems (including wiring diagrams).
Procedures Included:
Maintenance schedules, lubrication, engine diagnostics and repair, ignition system troubleshooting, fuel delivery and injection system repair, cooling system service, exhaust system repair, manual transmission removal/installation and repair, automatic transmission service and adjustment, clutch replacement, driveshaft and differential service, brake system repair (including ABS), suspension component replacement, steering system overhaul, body panel repair, interior trim removal and installation, electrical system diagnostics, wiring harness repair, component testing and replacement.
Technical Depth:
In-depth diagnostic procedures, component-level repair instructions, detailed specifications, torque values, alignment procedures, and troubleshooting flowcharts. Suitable for professional technicians and experienced DIY enthusiasts.
Primary Engine:
3.0L (M60B30) and 4.0L (M60B40) V8 engines were standard for 1994 in most markets. A 5.0L V12 (M70B50) was also available.
M60B40 Horsepower:
282 hp @ 5800 rpm
M60B40 Torque:
295 lb-ft @ 4500 rpm
M70B50 Horsepower:
300 hp @ 5200 rpm
M70B50 Torque:
332 lb-ft @ 4100 rpm
Fuel System:
Bosch Motronic engine management with multi-point fuel injection (MPFI).
Engine Construction:
Aluminum block and cylinder heads for V8 and V12 engines.
Valve Train:
Dual Overhead Camshafts (DOHC), 4 valves per cylinder.
Standard Transmission:
5-speed manual transmission (Getrag S6-37) was standard on some models, with a 4-speed automatic (ZF 5HP30) becoming more common and eventually standard on V12 models.
Optional Transmission:
4-speed automatic transmission (ZF 5HP30).
Features:
Rear-wheel drive, electronic stability control (ASC+T on some models), limited-slip differential (optional).
Clutch Type:
Hydraulically operated single-plate dry clutch for manual transmission.
Safety Ratings:
No specific official ratings available from modern agencies for this era, but built to high safety standards of the time.
Active Features:
Anti-lock Braking System (ABS) standard, Automatic Stability Control and Traction (ASC+T) available on later models or as option.
Passive Features:
Driver and passenger airbags, reinforced safety cage, crumple zones, seatbelt pre-tensioners.
Infotainment System:
Bavarian Radio System (BRS) with cassette player and optional CD changer. Analog climate control system with optional automatic climate control.
Driver Assistance Features:
Cruise control, electrically adjustable seats with memory, parking sensors (rear, optional on later models).
Connectivity Features:
Limited by era. Primarily focused on in-car audio and climate control. On-board computer (Check Control) provided system status information.
Lighting Technology:
Pop-up headlights, halogen projector beam headlamps, standard exterior lighting.
Oil Change Interval:
Typically every 7,500 - 10,000 miles or annually, depending on driving conditions (refer to manual for exact BMW recommendations for 1994).
Spark Plug Replacement:
Around 30,000 - 60,000 miles, depending on plug type (e.g., copper vs. platinum).
Coolant Flush Interval:
Every 2-3 years or 30,000-50,000 miles.
Engine Oil Type:
BMW Longlife-98 or equivalent synthetic oil (e.g., SAE 5W-30, 5W-40, or 10W-40 depending on ambient temperature, refer to manual for specific viscosity grades).
Coolant Type:
BMW Blue Antifreeze/Coolant or equivalent ethylene glycol-based coolant.
Transmission Fluid Type Automatic:
ZF TE-ML 11B or equivalent ATF fluid (e.g., Dexron III).
Transmission Fluid Type Manual:
API GL-4 or GL-5 SAE 75W-90 gear oil.
Brake Fluid Type:
DOT 4 or DOT 5.1.
Known Issues:
Cooling system component failures (radiator, water pump, hoses), VANOS system issues (on M62 engines, though M60 does not have VANOS), EML (Electronic Throttle Control) issues, door seal degradation, headliner sagging, corrosion on certain body panels, ABS sensor failures, electrical gremlins, catalytic converter failure.
Oil Filter Part Number:
Example: Mann-Filter W920/1, Mahle OC 91, Bosch 0 986 452 041 (verify specific application).
Air Filter Part Number:
Example: Mann-Filter C35183/1, Mahle LX 733, Bosch 1 987 429 921 (verify specific application).
Brand Heritage:
BMW, Bayerische Motoren Werke AG, is renowned for its history of producing high-performance luxury vehicles and motorsport success, emphasizing 'The Ultimate Driving Machine'.
Model Evolution:
The E31 generation 8 Series was produced from 1989 to 1999. It was a significant departure from previous BMW coupes, offering a more refined and luxurious experience. The 1994 model year reflects an established point in its production run, likely with minor updates from earlier years.
Production Years:
1989-1999
Production Location:
Dingolfing, Germany
Total Units Produced:
Approximately 31,621 units.
