🏷️ Basic Information

Make:

Mazda

Model:

Millenia

Year:

1994

Chassis Code:

PCA

Engine Code Primary:

Miller Cycle (KL03)

👋 Introduction

Market Position:

The 1994 Mazda Millenia was positioned as a premium, entry-level luxury sedan, offering sophisticated styling and innovative technology, particularly its unique Miller Cycle engine.

Competitive Analysis:

Competed against vehicles like the Lexus ES 300, Acura Legend, Infiniti J30, and European sedans such as the BMW 3 Series and Mercedes-Benz C-Class of the era.

Key Features:

Distinctive styling, availability of the innovative supercharged Miller Cycle engine, refined interior, and a focus on comfort and quietness.

📋 Manual Details

Coverage Scope:

All models and all repairs A-Z, specific to 1994 Mazda Millenia

Page Count Estimated:

1500+

Manual Type:

Factory Service Manual

Language:

English

Format:

Printed

📖 Manual Coverage

Engine Mechanical:

Complete disassembly, inspection, repair, and reassembly of the Miller Cycle V6 engine, including supercharger system.

Engine Control:

ECM diagnosis, sensor data interpretation, fuel injection control, ignition timing, emissions control systems.

Transmission Auto:

Detailed overhaul procedures, hydraulic control, torque converter, electronic controls, shift solenoid testing.

Brakes:

ABS system diagnosis and repair, hydraulic components, brake pad/rotor replacement, bleeding procedures.

Suspension Steering:

Front and rear suspension component replacement, wheel alignment specifications, power steering system service.

Electrical Lighting:

Wiring diagrams, component testing, headlight, taillight, and interior lighting service.

HVAC:

Refrigerant handling, component replacement (compressor, condenser, evaporator), climate control system troubleshooting.

Body Chassis:

Body panel repair, door and window mechanisms, structural components, rust prevention and repair.

Diagnostics:

On-Board Diagnostics (OBD-I) code retrieval, diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs) and their meaning, troubleshooting flowcharts.

Maintenance:

Oil changes, filter replacements, fluid checks and top-offs, spark plug replacement, belt inspection/replacement.

Repair:

Engine rebuild, transmission overhaul, brake system repairs, suspension component replacement, electrical system troubleshooting.

Troubleshooting:

Systematic diagnosis of common and uncommon faults with step-by-step repair instructions.

Installation:

Component installation and replacement procedures for all major systems.

Specifications Data:

Torque specifications, clearances, fluid capacities, electrical resistance values, pressure readings.

Depth:

Comprehensive, from basic preventative maintenance to complete engine and transmission rebuilds, including advanced diagnostics and wiring diagrams.

📊 Manual Specifications

File Format:

Printed Booklet

Print Quality:

High-resolution text and diagrams, designed for clarity and durability.

Binding Type:

Stapled or Perfect Bound (depending on original factory production)

Paper Type:

Durable, gloss or semi-gloss paper suitable for workshop environments.

⚙️ Engine Specifications

Engine Type:

3.0L DOHC Miller Cycle V6 (KL03)

Engine Configuration:

V6, 24 Valves

Aspiration:

Supercharged

Horsepower:

210 hp @ 5300 rpm

Torque:

210 lb-ft @ 3500 rpm

Fuel Delivery:

Electronic Fuel Injection (EFI)

Fuel Type:

Unleaded Premium Gasoline (91 Octane or higher recommended)

Bore X Stroke:

84.5 mm x 89.0 mm

Compression Ratio:

8.5:1

Spark Plug Type:

NGK PFR6A-11 (or equivalent)

Idle Speed:

750 RPM +/- 50 RPM

🔧 Transmission

Transmission Type:

4-speed Automatic (X4A/FN4A-EL)

Optional Transmission:

None offered

Transmission Features:

Electronically controlled, Grade Logic Control (adjusts shift points based on incline/decline).

Transmission Fluid Type:

Mazda ATF-Type M-III (or equivalent MERCON V)

Transmission Fluid Capacity Initial Fill:

Approximately 8.7 Quarts (8.2 Liters)

📐 Dimensions

Length:

190.4 inches (4836 mm)

Width:

70.5 inches (1791 mm)

Height:

54.5 inches (1384 mm)

Wheelbase:

104.7 inches (2659 mm)

Curb Weight Approximate:

3400 - 3500 lbs (1542 - 1588 kg)

🛡️ Safety Features

NHTSA Frontal Impact Driver:

Not rated or available in the format of modern tests.

NHTSA Frontal Impact Passenger:

Not rated or available in the format of modern tests.

ABS:

Standard Anti-lock Braking System (ABS)

Airbags:

Driver and Passenger front airbags

Seatbelts:

Three-point front and rear seatbelts, driver pretensioner.

💡 Technology Features

Infotainment System:

Factory-installed AM/FM stereo with cassette player and optional CD player. Manual tuning and basic controls.

Driver Assistance Features:

ABS is the primary driver assistance feature. Cruise control is also standard or optional.

Connectivity:

No modern connectivity features such as Bluetooth or USB ports. Analog audio inputs might be present in some aftermarket head units.

Engine Technology:

Miller Cycle: A patented engine cycle that uses a mechanically driven supercharger and a unique valve timing strategy to achieve higher efficiency and torque by reducing pumping losses and improving volumetric efficiency at lower RPMs.

🔧 Maintenance

Oil Change Interval:

Every 7,500 miles (12,000 km) or 6 months, whichever comes first.

Engine Coolant Flush:

Every 30,000 miles (48,000 km) or 24 months.

Transmission Fluid Change:

Every 30,000 miles (48,000 km) or 24 months.

Timing Belt Replacement:

Not applicable (uses a timing chain).

Engine Oil Type:

API SG/SH, SAE 5W-30

Engine Oil Capacity:

Approximately 4.5 Quarts (4.3 Liters) with filter change.

Coolant Type:

Mazda Super Long Life Coolant or equivalent ethylene glycol-based coolant with corrosion inhibitors.

Power Steering Fluid:

Mazda Genuine ATF or equivalent DEXRON-II

Known Issues Engine:

Potential for oil leaks from valve cover gaskets, occasional issues with the supercharger belt tensioner, intake manifold runner control (if equipped on later models, not primary for '94), and high oil consumption if not properly maintained.

Known Issues Transmission:

Overheating can lead to premature wear; ensuring proper fluid levels and regular changes is crucial. Some reports of harsh shifting if valve body issues arise.

Known Issues Electrical:

Aging wiring harnesses can lead to intermittent issues; door lock actuators and power window motors are common failure points.

📚 Vehicle History

Brand Heritage:

Mazda has a history of producing sporty and reliable vehicles, known for innovation in engine technology and chassis dynamics, evolving from its origins in the early 20th century.

Model Evolution:

The Millenia (Mazda Xedos 6 in some markets) was introduced as Mazda's flagship sedan, designed to compete in the luxury segment and showcase advanced engineering. It was produced for two generations (1992-2002), with the 1994 model representing the first generation.

Production Location:

Japan

Production Years:

1992-2002 (First generation 1992-1997)

🏆 Awards & Recognition

Car And Driver 10Best:

The Millenia (specifically the Miller Cycle version) was recognized by Car and Driver as one of its '10Best' lists in 1995 for its innovative engine technology and driving dynamics.

Consumer Reports Reliability:

Mixed to average reliability ratings over its production run. Some issues reported were related to the unique engine and its associated systems, but many owners experienced good reliability with proper maintenance.