🏷️ Basic Information

Make:

Volvo

Model:

850

Year:

1997

Chassis Code:

LS

Engine Codes:

B5252S, B5254S, B5254FT

👋 Introduction

Positioning:

The Volvo 850 was positioned as a premium, safe, and robust family sedan and wagon, competing against models from BMW, Mercedes-Benz, and Audi. It was known for its distinctive Scandinavian design and emphasis on safety.

Competitors 1997:

BMW 3 Series (E36), Mercedes-Benz C-Class (W202), Audi A4 (B5), Lexus ES.

Platform:

Front-wheel drive platform with optional all-wheel drive (AWD) on some later models (though less common for the '97 850, primarily AWD was on V70/XC70).

Engine Layout:

Inline-5 cylinder (Transverse mounting)

Design Philosophy:

Focus on safety, durability, and a distinctive, boxy yet aerodynamic design.

Usefulness:

Essential resource for DIY mechanics and professional technicians seeking to maintain, diagnose, and repair the 1997 Volvo 850. Provides detailed procedures, specifications, and diagrams crucial for accurate work.

📋 Manual Details

Systems Covered:

Engine Mechanical, Fuel System, Emission Control, Engine Management, Turbocharging (for T models), Transmission (Automatic & Manual), Drivetrain, Suspension, Steering, Brakes (ABS included), Body & Chassis, Electrical System, HVAC, Safety Systems (Airbags), Interior & Exterior Trim, Diagnostics & Troubleshooting

Page Count:

Approx. 1500+

Manual Type:

Factory Service Manual / Workshop Manual

Language:

English

Format:

Digital (PDF)

📖 Manual Coverage

Engine Mechanical:

Complete overhaul, component testing, timing belt replacement, cylinder head service, piston and ring installation, crankshaft and bearing service

Fuel System:

Fuel pump testing, injector service, fuel pressure regulator diagnosis, fuel tank and lines maintenance

Engine Management:

ECU diagnosis, sensor testing (MAF, O2, Crankshaft Position, Camshaft Position), ignition system troubleshooting, coil-on-plug systems (if applicable), EGR system

Turbocharging:

Turbocharger inspection, wastegate operation, boost pressure control, intercooler service (for T models)

Transmission Automatic:

Fluid changes, filter replacement, torque converter service, valve body diagnosis, electronic control unit (TCU) troubleshooting

Transmission Manual:

Clutch replacement, gearbox overhaul, differential service, shift linkage adjustment

Drivetrain:

CV axle replacement, driveshaft inspection, universal joint service, wheel bearing replacement

Suspension:

Strut and shock absorber replacement, control arm bushings, ball joint service, spring replacement, alignment procedures

Steering:

Power steering pump, rack and pinion overhaul, tie rod end replacement, steering column service

Brakes:

Brake pad and rotor replacement, caliper service, brake line bleeding, ABS sensor diagnosis and replacement, parking brake adjustment

Body And Chassis:

Door panel removal, bumper repair, body panel alignment, underbody rustproofing, welding and structural repair guidelines

Electrical System:

Wiring diagrams, fuse box locations, relay identification, starter and alternator testing, lighting system repair, power window and lock diagnosis

HVAC:

A/C system refrigerant handling and charging, compressor replacement, heater core service, climate control module diagnosis

Safety Systems:

Airbag system diagnostic codes, SRS module replacement, seat belt service

Maintenance:

Scheduled maintenance intervals, oil and filter changes, fluid level checks and top-offs, air filter replacement, spark plug replacement, coolant flushing, brake fluid flush

Troubleshooting:

Systematic diagnostic procedures for common and uncommon faults, fault code interpretation, symptom-based troubleshooting charts

Repair:

Detailed step-by-step instructions for component removal, repair, and reinstallation for all major systems

Installation:

Guidance on installing specific aftermarket accessories or replacement parts if covered by factory specifications

Depth Level:

Comprehensive: Covers basic maintenance to complete engine and transmission rebuilds, including electrical diagnostics and bodywork.

📊 Manual Specifications

File Format:

PDF

Searchable Text:

Yes

Printable:

Yes

Resolution:

High-resolution scans suitable for clear viewing and printing.

Binding Type:

N/A (Digital Download)

Paper Type:

N/A (Digital Download)

⚙️ Engine Specifications

Engine Options:

2.5L I5 (B5252S, B5254S), 2.4L Turbo I5 (B5234FT/FTT - often branded as T-5R or T-5).

Displacement Na:

2.4 L (2435 cc)

Horsepower Na:

Approx. 168 hp (B5254S)

Torque Na:

Approx. 170 lb-ft (B5254S)

Displacement Turbo:

2.3 L (2319 cc)

Horsepower Turbo:

Approx. 222 hp (B5234FT/FTT - T5/T-5R)

Torque Turbo:

Approx. 243 lb-ft (B5234FT/FTT - T5/T-5R)

Injection Type:

Multi-port Electronic Fuel Injection (EFI)

Fuel Type:

Unleaded Gasoline

ECU Type:

Bosch Motronic (specific model varies)

Belt Material:

Reinforced rubber composite

Replacement Interval Miles:

70,000 - 100,000 miles or 10 years, whichever comes first. Critical component. Manual will specify exact interval and replacement procedure.

🔧 Transmission

Type Standard:

5-speed Manual Transmission (M56)

Type Optional:

4-speed Automatic Transmission (AW50-42LE)

Transmission Fluid Spec Auto:

Volvo ATF (e.g., Volvo 1161540) or equivalent Dexron III/Mercon.

Transmission Fluid Capacity Auto:

Approx. 4-5 quarts for change, higher for full overhaul. Manual will provide exact capacities.

Transmission Fluid Spec Manual:

API GL-5, SAE 75W-90 or 80W-90 gear oil.

📐 Dimensions

Length:

Approx. 188.1 inches

Width:

Approx. 69.3 inches

Height:

Approx. 55.4 inches

Length:

Approx. 189.4 inches

Width:

Approx. 69.3 inches

Height:

Approx. 55.6 inches

Curb Weight Sedan:

Approx. 3100 - 3300 lbs

Curb Weight Wagon:

Approx. 3200 - 3500 lbs

Gvw:

Typically around 4400-4600 lbs, manual will confirm.

Cargo Volume Seats Up:

Approx. 36.0 cu ft

Cargo Volume Seats Down:

Approx. 65.0 cu ft

🛡️ Safety Features

NHTSA Front Impact Driver:

5 Stars

NHTSA Front Impact Passenger:

5 Stars

IIHS Frontal Offset:

Good (for its era)

ABS:

Standard on all models

Traction Control:

Optional on some models, Tracs system.

Airbags:

Driver and front passenger airbags standard. Side airbags optional on some later models, but less common on '97.

Seat Belts:

Three-point inertia-reel seat belts in all seating positions, front seat belt pre-tensioners.

Rollover Protection:

Reinforced Safety Cage construction, very strong for its time.

💡 Technology Features

Audio System:

Factory premium audio systems available (e.g., HU-613, HU-605, HU-850), often with cassette and CD players, and amplifier integration. Manual will detail head unit removal and speaker wiring.

Climate Control:

Manual or automatic climate control systems available, with detailed diagnostic information in the manual.

Cruise Control:

Standard on most models, electronically controlled.

Immobilizer:

Factory immobilizer system, manual will cover its operation and basic troubleshooting if applicable.

Diagnostics Port:

OBD-I based diagnostic connector (often located near the fuse box), which the manual will detail access and use for retrieving fault codes.

🔧 Maintenance

Oil Change Interval Miles:

Every 7,500 miles or 12 months, whichever comes first. Manual will specify specific oil type and capacity.

Spark Plug Replacement Miles:

Typically around 60,000 - 100,000 miles depending on spark plug type (standard or platinum/iridium). Manual will detail exact type and interval.

Coolant Flush Interval Miles:

Every 30,000 miles or 2 years. Manual will specify Volvo coolant type (e.g., 1287195-7).

Engine Oil Spec:

API SJ, ACEA A3/B3 or A3/B4, SAE 5W-30 or 5W-40 (check manual for specific viscosity recommendations based on climate).

Power Steering Fluid:

Volvo hydraulic fluid (e.g., 1161490) or a Dexron III compatible fluid.

Brake Fluid:

DOT 3 or DOT 4.

Common Problems 1:

Timing belt failure (critical, leading to catastrophic engine damage if it breaks), PCV system clogging (can lead to oil leaks and rough idle), ABS modulator failure, radiator leaks, fuel pump issues, minor electrical gremlins (e.g., window regulators, central locking).

Common Problems 2:

Worn suspension bushings, exhaust system leaks, heater core leaks (especially in wagons), idle control valve issues.

📚 Vehicle History

Heritage:

Volvo has a long-standing reputation for safety, reliability, and distinctive design, established in Sweden in 1927.

850 Introduction:

The Volvo 850 was introduced in 1991 for the 1992 model year, marking Volvo's significant shift to front-wheel drive and transverse inline-5 engines.

850 Design Features:

Unique transverse engine layout, multi-link rear suspension, and a distinctive 'boxy' but aerodynamically sound design.

850 Facelift:

Received a minor facelift for the 1995 model year, introducing updated bumpers, lights, and interior refinements. The 1997 model is part of the later production run.

850 Discontinuation:

The 850 model line was replaced by the Volvo S70 (sedan) and V70 (wagon) for the 1998 model year, essentially being a redesign rather than a new generation.

Manufacturing Locations:

Primarily Ghent, Belgium, and Torslanda, Sweden.

🏆 Awards & Recognition

Safety Awards:

Consistently recognized for its high safety standards by organizations like NHTSA and IIHS for its respective model years.

Reliability Perception:

Generally perceived as reliable and durable, though some specific components require diligent maintenance.