Segment:
Mid-size station wagon and sedan, often marketed as a more capable and rugged alternative to conventional family cars.
Unique Selling Proposition:
Standard Symmetrical All-Wheel Drive, raised ground clearance (especially on Outback variants), horizontally-opposed Boxer engines.
Key Competitors:
Ford Falcon wagon, Holden Commodore wagon, Toyota Camry wagon, Mitsubishi Magna wagon.
Powertrain Philosophy:
Emphasis on Boxer engines for lower center of gravity and improved handling, coupled with AWD for superior traction.
Vehicle Type:
Station wagon and sedan.
Years Covered:
1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003
Regions Covered:
Primarily Australia, but applicable to similar models globally (e.g., Legacy Wagon in other markets).
Estimated Pages:
Significant, likely exceeding 1000 pages, typical for a full workshop manual.
Type:
Workshop Service Repair Manual
Format:
Digital (likely PDF)
Powertrain:
Engine mechanical, fuel injection, ignition, exhaust, cooling, lubrication, emissions control.
Drivetrain:
Manual and automatic transmissions, all-wheel drive system (Symmetrical AWD), differentials, drive shafts, CV joints.
Suspension Steering:
Front and rear suspension components (struts, control arms, bushings), power steering system, steering column.
Brakes:
Hydraulic brake system, ABS, brake discs, calipers, pads, lines, master cylinder, proportioning valve.
Electrical:
Battery, charging system, starter motor, lighting, wipers, horn, power windows, central locking, instruments, body control modules.
Climate Control:
Air conditioning system, heater, ventilation, blower motor, controls.
Body Chassis:
Body panel removal/installation, door mechanisms, glass, interior trim, chassis lubrication, rust prevention.
Maintenance:
Oil changes, filter replacements, fluid checks and top-offs, spark plug replacement, belt inspection/replacement, brake fluid flush.
Diagnostics:
Troubleshooting guides, diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs), symptom-based diagnostics, wiring diagrams for electrical issues.
Repair Rebuild:
Engine overhaul, transmission repair, suspension component replacement, brake caliper rebuild, alternator/starter replacement, steering rack repair.
Installation:
Component replacement procedures for most major systems, including timing belt replacement, clutch replacement, radiator replacement.
Specifications:
Torque specifications for critical fasteners, engine clearances, fluid capacities, electrical component resistance values.
Depth:
Comprehensive, covering routine maintenance to major component overhauls and electrical system diagnostics.
Engine Codes:
EJ253 (2.5L SOHC), EJ25D (2.5L DOHC - early), EJ204 (2.0L DOHC - some markets), EJ251 (2.5L SOHC - later)
Configuration:
Horizontally-Opposed (Boxer) 4-cylinder
Displacement:
2.5 Liters (2498 cc) for most Australian models.
Horsepower:
Approximately 165-170 hp @ 5600-6000 rpm (for 2.5L SOHC, varies by specific engine and market).
Torque:
Approximately 162-166 lb-ft @ 4000 rpm (for 2.5L SOHC).
Injection Type:
Multi-point Fuel Injection (MPI)
Fuel Type:
Unleaded Gasoline (91 RON recommended, 95 RON for optimal performance)
Bore X Stroke:
99.5 mm x 80.0 mm (for 2.5L)
Compression Ratio:
9.7:1 (for EJ253)
Timing Belt Interval:
Typically 100,000 km or 5 years, whichever comes first. Crucial replacement item.
Transmission Type:
5-speed Manual Transmission (Part-time or Full-time AWD depending on model variant).
Transmission Type:
4-speed Automatic Transmission with Electronic Control (ECT) and Lock-up Torque Converter (Full-time AWD).
AWD System:
Symmetrical All-Wheel Drive. Features differ between manual (viscous coupling center diff) and automatic (planetary gear center diff with hydraulic clutch).
Manual Transmission Fluid:
API GL-5, SAE 75W-90 synthetic gear oil is commonly recommended.
Automatic Transmission Fluid:
Subaru ATF-HP or equivalent (check manual for exact spec).
Ancap Rating:
As a 1998-2003 model, ANCAP ratings may vary. Early models might not have been rated or have lower ratings compared to modern standards. Later models often achieved 4-star ratings.
ABS:
Standard on most models, Anti-lock Braking System.
AWD:
Symmetrical All-Wheel Drive contributes significantly to active safety by improving traction and stability.
Airbags:
Front airbags standard. Side airbags optional or standard on higher trims.
Seatbelts:
Three-point seatbelts with pre-tensioners for front occupants.
Body Structure:
Reinforced body structure for crash energy management.
Audio System:
Factory fitted CD/Radio head units, often with 4 or 6 speakers. Cassette players were also common in early models of this generation.
Navigation:
Rarely factory fitted, usually aftermarket additions.
Cruise Control:
Standard or optional depending on trim level.
Traction Control:
Available on some higher-spec models, complementing the AWD system.
Auxiliary Input:
Not typically present on factory systems. Aftermarket solutions required for modern device connectivity.
Bluetooth:
Not available on factory systems. Aftermarket kits necessary.
Oil Change Interval:
Typically every 10,000 km or 6 months (whichever comes first). Check manual for specific conditions.
Engine Oil Type:
API SJ or higher, SAE 10W-30 or 10W-40 recommended. Check manual for specific ambient temperature ranges.
Oil Filter Part Number:
Subaru Part Number: 15208AA031 (common for 2.5L engines, verify with VIN).
Air Filter Replacement:
Inspect every 10,000 km, replace as needed or at least every 20,000-30,000 km.
Coolant Type:
Subaru Super Coolant (blue) or equivalent long-life coolant. Mix ratio 50/50 with distilled water.
Brake Fluid Type:
DOT 3 or DOT 4.
Power Steering Fluid:
Subaru Genuine Power Steering Fluid or Dexron III ATF.
Head Gaskets:
While less prevalent than on earlier EJ engines, head gasket leaks can still occur, particularly on higher mileage or poorly maintained engines. Proper torque and gasket material are critical.
Timing Belt:
Failure to replace the timing belt at recommended intervals can lead to catastrophic engine damage (interference engine). Water pump and tensioner should be replaced concurrently.
Automatic Transmission:
Some automatic transmissions can develop issues with valve bodies or torque converters at higher mileage. Regular fluid changes are essential.
Suspension Bushings:
Rubber suspension bushings can degrade over time, leading to clunks and reduced handling precision. Replacement is often required.
Subaru Philosophy:
Subaru's heritage is deeply rooted in ruggedness, safety, and the utilization of its unique Boxer engine and Symmetrical AWD system.
Generation Intro:
The second generation Liberty (BH/BG/BT) replaced the first generation and built upon its strengths, particularly enhancing comfort, refinement, and introducing more advanced features. The Outback variant became more distinct during this period.
Key Updates:
Introduction of the more powerful and refined 2.5L SOHC engine as a common option. Improved interior materials and design. Enhanced safety features.
Manufacturing Location:
Primarily Japan (Gunma Prefecture) for global markets.
Production Years:
1998-2003 (for this specific generation covered by the manual).
