🏷️ Basic Information

Make:

Land Rover

Model:

Range Rover

Year:

1999

Generation:

P38A

Platform Code:

LP

👋 Introduction

Positioning:

The Range Rover P38A (1995-2001) represented the pinnacle of luxury and off-road capability in its era, positioned as a premium all-terrain vehicle against competitors like the Mercedes-Benz G-Wagen, Lexus LX, and Cadillac Escalade.

Competitors:

Key competitors for the 1999 model year included the Mercedes-Benz W463 G-Class, Lexus LX 470 (J80 series), Cadillac Escalade, and Lincoln Navigator.

Off Road:

Legendary off-road prowess, permanent four-wheel drive system with locking center differential, sophisticated Electronic Air Suspension (EAS) for adjustable ride height and ground clearance.

Luxury:

Opulent interior appointments, premium leather upholstery, wood trim, advanced climate control, and a powerful V8 engine delivering refined performance.

📋 Manual Details

Diagnostic Trouble Codes:

Comprehensive coverage of OBD-II and proprietary Land Rover diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs) for all major systems.

Regions:

Global, with specifications and procedures applicable to North American, European, and other international markets.

Total Pages:

Approximately 2000+ pages (typical for a comprehensive factory service manual of this era).

Type:

Factory Service Manual / Repair Manual

Language:

English

Format:

Print (likely binder or paperback, depending on original manufacturer packaging)

📖 Manual Coverage

Powertrain:

Engine (4.0L V8, 4.6L V8), transmission (automatic), transfer case, differentials, driveshafts, exhaust system.

Chassis:

Suspension (air suspension system with EAS control unit, spring rates, dampers), steering, brakes (ABS, EBD, brake fluid specifications, rotor/pad replacement), wheels and tires.

Electrical:

Body control module (BCM), engine control module (ECM), transmission control module (TCM), ABS control module, BECM (Body Electrical Control Module), lighting systems, power accessories (windows, locks, seats), audio system, HVAC controls, instrument cluster, wiring diagrams, diagnostic connectors.

Body:

Exterior body panels, interior trim, doors, windows, sunroof, bumpers, aerodynamic components, underbody protection.

HVAC:

Air conditioning system (refrigerant type, charge capacity, component replacement), heating system, climate control module.

Maintenance:

Routine oil changes, filter replacements, fluid level checks and top-offs, spark plug replacement, belt inspection and replacement, tire rotation, brake pad/rotor checks.

Repair:

Engine component replacement (e.g., starter, alternator, fuel pump), transmission repair and overhaul, suspension component replacement (shocks, springs, air springs), brake system repair, electrical component diagnosis and replacement, body panel repair and alignment.

Troubleshooting:

Diagnostic charts, symptom-to-cause analysis, electrical circuit tracing, identification of common failures, testing procedures for sensors and actuators.

Disassembly Assembly:

Detailed step-by-step instructions for removing and reinstalling major components and sub-assemblies, including torque specifications and special tool requirements.

Special Tools:

Identification and usage instructions for specialized tools required for specific repair procedures (e.g., EAS calibration tools, engine timing tools).

Depth:

Comprehensive, covering from basic maintenance and fluid changes to complete engine and transmission rebuilds, advanced electrical diagnostics, and bodywork.

📊 Manual Specifications

Quality:

High-resolution scans ensuring clarity of text and diagrams. (Assuming original print quality)

Binding:

Typically a durable binder or stitched paperback for shop use. (Actual format of this specific product is print).

Paper Type:

Durable, semi-gloss paper stock suitable for workshop environments.

⚙️ Engine Specifications

Engine Code:

GEMS (Geoffrey Eley Multi-point Sequential) for 4.0L, or Thor (Lucas 14CUX for early 4.0L, later Lucas 16 ECU for 4.6L).

Displacement:

3947 cc (4.0L) and 4598 cc (4.6L)

Configuration:

Overhead Valve (OHV) V8, naturally aspirated

Horsepower 4 0L:

182 hp @ 4,750 rpm (approximate)

Torque 4 0L:

236 lb-ft @ 3,000 rpm (approximate)

Horsepower 4 6L:

225 hp @ 4,750 rpm (approximate)

Torque 4 6L:

280 lb-ft @ 3,250 rpm (approximate)

Injection Type:

Multi-point Fuel Injection (MPI)

Fuel Type:

Unleaded Gasoline (91 octane recommended)

ECM:

Lucas GEMS or Lucas 14CUX/16 ECU

🔧 Transmission

Type:

4-speed Automatic

Model:

ZF 4HP22 (with CommandShift manual override option)

Type:

None (4-speed automatic was standard for 1999 models).

Transfer Case:

Permanent 4WD with center differential and lockable feature (toggle switch controlled).

Transmission Fluid Type:

Dexron III (Mercon compatible) automatic transmission fluid (ATF).

📐 Dimensions

Length:

4705 mm (185.2 in)

Width:

1780 mm (70.1 in) (excluding mirrors)

Height:

1767 mm (69.6 in) (standard ride height)

Wheelbase:

2744 mm (108.0 in)

Ground Clearance:

Variable (EAS - approx. 200 mm to 260 mm / 7.9 in to 10.2 in)

Curb Weight:

Approx. 2230 kg (4916 lbs)

Gross Vehicle Weight Rating:

Approx. 2830 kg (6239 lbs)

🛡️ Safety Features

NHTSA Front Impact:

Not specifically rated by NHTSA for this model year in a comparable standard. However, designed with robust safety cage and energy-absorbing crumple zones.

ABS:

Standard Anti-lock Braking System (ABS) with Electronic Brake-force Distribution (EBD).

Traction Control:

Standard Electronic Traction Control System (ETC) working in conjunction with the 4WD system.

Airbags:

Driver and front passenger airbags. Side airbags were often optional on higher trims.

Seatbelts:

3-point inertia-reel seatbelts with pre-tensioners for front occupants.

Body Construction:

Body-on-frame construction with a robust steel chassis and lightweight aluminum body panels.

💡 Technology Features

Audio System:

Premium audio systems were available, often featuring Dolby Pro Logic sound, CD changer, and steering wheel audio controls.

Navigation:

Optional factory-fitted GPS navigation system, typically with a dashboard-mounted CRT screen.

Cruise Control:

Standard electronic cruise control system.

Parking Assistance:

Rear parking sensors were an available option on some trims.

Diagnostic Port:

OBD-II compliant diagnostic port, typically located under the dashboard, for engine and transmission diagnostics. Additional proprietary connectors for other modules.

🔧 Maintenance

Oil Change:

Every 6,000 miles or 6 months, whichever comes first. (Refer to manual for specific driving conditions).

Transmission Fluid Change:

Every 30,000 miles or 24 months (recommended, though some argue for more frequent changes).

Coolant Change:

Every 30,000 miles or 24 months.

Engine Oil Type:

SAE 10W-40 API SG or SH (synthetic blend recommended).

Engine Oil Capacity:

Approximately 6.7 liters (7.1 US quarts) with filter change.

Coolant Type:

Ethylene Glycol based coolant, typically a green OAT (Organic Acid Technology) type. Consult manual for precise specification.

Brake Fluid Type:

DOT 4 (or DOT 3 if specified by manufacturer).

Eas:

Electronic Air Suspension (EAS) system is prone to leaks from air springs, compressor failures, and control unit issues. This manual will detail diagnosis and repair.

Head Gaskets:

The aluminum block V8 engines can be susceptible to head gasket failure, particularly on earlier models or if overheated. Manual covers inspection and replacement.

Harmonic Balancer:

The crankshaft harmonic balancer can degrade, leading to pulley wobble and potential belt issues. Manual covers inspection and replacement.

Becm:

Body Electrical Control Module (BECM) can exhibit intermittent issues or failure, affecting various electrical functions. Diagnostic procedures are critical.

📚 Vehicle History

Heritage:

Land Rover, established in 1948, has a storied history of producing rugged, go-anywhere vehicles, with the Range Rover series originating in 1970 as the world's first luxury 4x4.

Generation P38A:

The P38A (1995-2001) was the second generation Range Rover, evolving from the classic 'Classic' model. It introduced significant technological advancements, most notably the Electronic Air Suspension (EAS) and updated powertrains.

Manufacturing Location:

Solihull, West Midlands, United Kingdom

Production Years P38A:

1994 (model year 1995) to 2001

🏆 Awards & Recognition

Off Road Awards:

Consistently recognized for its exceptional off-road capability and luxury appointments, making it a benchmark in the luxury SUV segment during its production run.

Consumer Satisfaction:

While not always topping reliability surveys due to the complexity of its systems, it was highly regarded for its luxury and capability by owners who understood its maintenance needs.