Market Position:
The Alfa Romeo 159 was positioned as a premium mid-size car, competing with established German and Japanese manufacturers, known for its distinctive Italian styling and engaging driving dynamics.
Segment:
Premium Mid-size Sedan/Estate (D-segment)
Competitors:
BMW 3 Series, Audi A4, Mercedes-Benz C-Class, Volvo S60, Volkswagen Passat.
Key Features:
Stylish Italian design, refined interior, sophisticated suspension tuning, available Q4 all-wheel-drive system, range of potent JTDm diesel and Twin Spark/JTS petrol engines.
Design Philosophy:
The 159 embodied Alfa Romeo's 'Cuore Sportivo' (sporting heart) philosophy, blending elegant design with a focus on driver engagement.
Engine Systems:
Engine mechanicals (including timing belts/chains, cylinder heads, pistons, crankshafts, lubrication, cooling), fuel systems (injection, pumps, injectors), exhaust systems, emission controls.
Transmission Systems:
Manual and Automatic transmission overhaul, clutch systems, drive shafts, differentials.
Brake Systems:
Hydraulic system, ABS, EBD, brake pads, rotors, calipers, parking brake.
Suspension Steering:
Front and rear suspension components (struts, shock absorbers, control arms, bushings), power steering system, steering rack.
Electrical Systems:
Complete wiring diagrams for all vehicle systems, battery, alternator, starter motor, lighting, fuses, relays, ECUs, body control modules.
Body Chassis:
Body panel removal and installation, chassis components, doors, windows, HVAC system, interior trim, seats.
Fuel Types:
Petrol (Benzina), Diesel (JTDm), including specific procedures for each.
Chassis Dynamics:
Detailed information on suspension geometry, steering system components, and wheel alignment procedures.
Maintenance Procedures:
Routine servicing, oil changes, filter replacements, fluid checks and changes, spark plug replacement, brake fluid flush, coolant changes.
Repair Procedures:
Engine rebuilds, transmission repairs, suspension overhauls, brake component replacement, electrical diagnostics and repair, bodywork repairs.
Diagnostic Procedures:
Troubleshooting guides, diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs) interpretation, step-by-step fault finding.
Tire Wheel Maintenance:
Tire pressure checks, replacement, wheel balancing, wheel alignment procedures, wheel bolt torque specifications.
Air Conditioning HVAC:
Refrigerant system servicing, cabin filter replacement, blower motor diagnosis, heater core procedures.
Lighting System Repair:
Headlight/taillight bulb replacement, headlight aiming, electrical diagnosis for lighting circuits.
Engine Diagnostics:
Detailed diagnostic flowcharts for engine performance issues, misfires, starting problems.
Electrical Component Replacement:
Step-by-step instructions for replacing alternators, starters, sensors, ECUs, interior and exterior lights.
Body Repair:
Procedures for panel replacement, dent repair, rust prevention, and sealing.
Depth:
Comprehensive from basic maintenance to full engine and transmission rebuilds, including electrical system diagnostics and repair.
Troubleshooting Guides:
Detailed symptom-based troubleshooting charts and step-by-step diagnostic procedures for common faults.
Engine Options:
Covers 1.8L, 1.9L JTDm (8v & 16v), 2.4L JTDm, 2.2L JTS, 1.75L TBi, 3.2L V6 Busso (early models).
Typical Horsepower Range:
115 hp (1.9 JTDm 8v) to 260 hp (3.2L V6 Busso).
Fuel Injection:
Common Rail Direct Injection (JTDm), Direct Injection (JTS, TBi), Multi-point Fuel Injection (Twin Spark).
Diesel Engine Technology:
MultiJet common rail technology for efficient fuel delivery and power.
Euro Ncap Rating:
5 Stars (achieved in 2005, with a strong emphasis on occupant protection).
Active Safety Features:
ABS with EBD, Traction Control (ASR), Vehicle Dynamic Control (VDC - Alfa Romeo's ESP), Brake Assist (HBA).
Stability Control System:
VDC (Vehicle Dynamic Control) – Alfa Romeo's advanced stability and traction control system.
Passive Safety Features:
Multiple airbags (front, side, curtain), collapsible steering column, advanced safety cage construction.
Oil Change Interval:
Typically 12,500 miles (20,000 km) or 12 months, whichever comes first (refer to manual for specific engine/oil type).
Timing Belt Replacement:
For petrol engines with timing belts (e.g., 1.8 MPI, 1.9 JTS), usually around 60,000-70,000 miles (100,000-120,000 km) or 5 years. Diesel JTDm engines often use chains or long-life belts. Manual provides exact intervals.
Cabin Air Filter Replacement:
Typically recommended every 12 months or 12,500 miles (20,000 km).
Engine Oil Specification:
Varies by engine. Common specifications include Selenia Star Pure Energy (SAE 5W-40 or 0W-30) meeting ACEA C3 or API SN. Consult manual for specific engine and viscosity.
Coolant Specification:
Paraflu Up (OAT coolant, often blue/green), mixed 50/50 with deionized water. Capacity approx. 7-8 liters.
Brake Fluid Specification:
DOT 4
Transmission Fluid Automatic:
Refer to manual for specific ATF type (e.g., Tutela ATF XYZ). Fluid capacity approx. 7-8 liters.
Transmission Fluid Manual:
Refer to manual for specific gear oil type (e.g., Tutela Car Technyx SAE 75W-85 GL-4).
Common Issues:
DPF regeneration issues on early diesel models, swirl flap failure on 1.9 JTDm 16v, EGR valve problems, suspension component wear (bushings, ball joints), electrical gremlins, potential turbocharger issues on higher-mileage diesels.
Suspension Wear Items:
Frequent replacement of front lower wishbone bushings and rear trailing arm bushings is common due to load and road conditions.
