🏷️ Basic Information

Make:

Subaru

Model:

Legacy Outback

Year:

2008

Chassis Code:

BP

Platform:

Subaru Global Platform (Legacy V generation basis)

👋 Introduction

Vehicle Segment:

Mid-size Crossover SUV / Station Wagon

Target Demographic:

Families, outdoor enthusiasts, individuals seeking all-weather capability and practicality.

Key Competitors:

Toyota RAV4, Honda CR-V, Ford Edge, Nissan Murano, Mazda CX-7.

Unique Selling Proposition:

Standard Symmetrical All-Wheel Drive, boxer engine, wagon-like versatility with SUV ride height, strong safety reputation.

Drivetrain:

Subaru Symmetrical All-Wheel Drive (standard)

Engine Layout:

Horizontally-opposed (Boxer) engine

Body Style:

Five-door wagon/crossover

Ground Clearance:

Higher than typical sedans, offering light off-road capability.

📋 Manual Details

Market Segment:

North America

Region Specific Details:

Includes US and Canadian specifications

Estimated Page Count:

Approximately 1500-2500 pages (typical for comprehensive factory service manuals)

Type:

Factory Service Manual / Repair Manual

Language:

English

Format:

Digital (PDF)

📖 Manual Coverage

Engine Mechanical:

Engine assembly, cylinder head, piston, crankshaft, camshaft, timing system, lubrication system, cooling system, fuel injection system, exhaust system, emission control systems.

Engine Management:

ECU operation, sensor inputs (MAF, MAP, O2, knock, Crank/Cam position), actuator outputs (injectors, ignition coils, EVAP purge), diagnostic trouble codes (DTCs), OBD-II diagnostics.

Transmission Automatic:

Transmission disassembly/assembly, torque converter, valve body, solenoids, hydraulic controls, transmission control module (TCM), fluid and filter service, diagnostics.

Transmission Manual:

Clutch system, transmission gear train, shift mechanism, linkages, fluid service, diagnostics.

Drivetrain:

Front axle, rear axle, differentials, drive shafts, CV joints, wheel bearings, Subaru Symmetrical All-Wheel Drive system operation and maintenance.

Suspension:

Front and rear suspension components (struts, springs, control arms, ball joints, sway bars), alignment specifications, hub assemblies, power steering system.

Brakes:

Brake system components (master cylinder, calipers, rotors, pads, lines), ABS system (wheel speed sensors, hydraulic unit, control module), parking brake, brake fluid specifications and bleeding procedures.

Steering:

Power steering pump, rack and pinion assembly, steering column, tie rods, steering angle sensor, alignment procedures.

Electrical System:

Battery, charging system (alternator, regulator), starting system (starter motor, ignition switch), lighting (headlights, taillights, interior), horn, wipers, power accessories.

Body And Interior:

Body panels, doors, hood, tailgate, bumpers, glass, mirrors, seats, interior trim, HVAC system (controls, blower motor, evaporator, condenser, refrigerant), SRS airbag system.

Climate Control:

HVAC system operation, refrigerant charging, component testing (compressor, clutch, expansion valve), blower motor, actuators, control panel diagnostics.

Safety Systems:

Airbag system components, seat belt pre-tensioners, SRS module, crash sensors, diagnosis and reset procedures.

Routine Maintenance:

Oil and filter changes, air filter replacement, cabin air filter replacement, spark plug replacement, fluid level checks and top-offs, tire rotation and pressure checks.

Diagnostic Procedures:

Step-by-step troubleshooting guides for various symptoms, including drivability issues, electrical faults, cooling system problems, and HVAC malfunctions. Use of scan tools and multimeters.

Repair Procedures:

Detailed instructions for component removal, installation, and repair, covering everything from engine internals to body panel replacement.

Specifications And Tolerances:

Torque specifications for all fasteners, engine component clearances, wheel alignment angles, tire pressures, fluid capacities, and electrical system resistance/voltage values.

Wiring Diagrams:

Comprehensive electrical wiring diagrams for all vehicle systems, including power distribution, grounds, sensor circuits, actuator circuits, and control module connections.

Special Tools:

Identification and recommended use of specialized tools required for specific repair or diagnostic procedures.

Depth:

Comprehensive, covering all aspects from basic maintenance to major component overhaul and advanced diagnostics. Suitable for professional technicians and advanced DIYers.

📊 Manual Specifications

Type:

PDF

Searchability:

Searchable text for quick information retrieval.

Resolution:

High resolution for clear display and printing of diagrams and text.

N/A:

N/A (Digital Format)

N/A:

N/A (Digital Format)

⚙️ Engine Specifications

Engine Code:

EJ253

Engine Type:

2.5L Naturally Aspirated SOHC EJ25 Boxer-4

Displacement:

2457 cc (2.5 Liters)

Bore X Stroke:

99.5 mm x 79.0 mm

Compression Ratio:

9.7:1

Horsepower:

170 hp @ 5800 rpm

Torque:

170 lb-ft @ 4400 rpm

Fuel Delivery:

Electronic Port Fuel Injection (MPI)

Fuel Type:

Unleaded gasoline, 87 octane (North America)

Ignition System:

Distributorless ignition with individual coil-on-plug units.

ECU Type:

Denso ECU (e.g., 22611AG57A)

🔧 Transmission

Transmission Type:

4-speed Automatic (4EAT)

Gear Ratios Auto:

1st: 2.787, 2nd: 1.531, 3rd: 1.000, 4th: 0.737, Reverse: 2.400

Transmission Fluid Type Auto:

Subaru ATF HP (High Performance)

Transmission Fluid Capacity Auto:

Approximately 6.8 Liters (dry fill), 3.4 Liters (drain and refill)

Transmission Type:

5-speed Manual (for some trims/markets, less common in North America for Outback models)

AWD System:

Variable torque distribution Symmetrical All-Wheel Drive with Active Torque Split AWD (ATSAWD) for automatic transmission, viscous coupling limited-slip center differential (VCLSD) for manual transmission.

📐 Dimensions

Length:

4755 mm (187.2 in)

Width:

1770 mm (69.7 in)

Height:

1605 mm (63.2 in) (without roof rails)

Wheelbase:

2670 mm (105.1 in)

Ground Clearance:

8.1 in (206 mm)

Curb Weight:

Approximately 1550-1650 kg (3417-3638 lbs), varies by trim and transmission.

Cargo Volume Behind Rear Seats:

Approximately 70.4 cu ft (with rear seats folded)

Cargo Volume Behind Front Seats:

Approximately 38.4 cu ft (with rear seats up)

🛡️ Safety Features

NHTSA Front Crash Test:

5 Stars (Driver and Passenger)

NHTSA Side Impact Crash Test:

5 Stars (Front and Rear Passengers)

IIHS Top Safety Pick:

Yes

ABS:

Standard Anti-lock Braking System (ABS) with Electronic Brake-force Distribution (EBD) and Brake Assist (BA).

Traction Control:

Standard Traction Control System (TCS) and Vehicle Stability Control (VSC).

Airbags:

Standard front dual-stage airbags, front side-impact airbags, and side curtain airbags (front and rear).

Seatbelts:

3-point height-adjustable front seatbelts with pretensioners and load limiters, rear 3-point seatbelts.

Child Seat Anchors:

LATCH (Lower Anchors and Tethers for CHildren) system.

💡 Technology Features

Head Unit:

Available AM/FM/CD/MP3 audio systems with SiriusXM satellite radio capability. Higher trims may feature touch-screen navigation systems.

Audio Interface:

Auxiliary audio input jack, optional USB input on some later models.

Cruise Control:

Standard electronic cruise control.

Rearview Camera:

Optional on some trims, integrated with navigation system.

Bluetooth:

Available Bluetooth hands-free phone system and audio streaming on higher trims or as an option.

Keyless Entry:

Standard keyless entry, available smart key system with push-button start on top trims.

🔧 Maintenance

Oil And Filter Change:

Every 3,750 miles or 6 months (severe conditions) or 7,500 miles or 12 months (normal conditions) with synthetic oil.

Engine Air Filter:

Inspect every 7,500 miles, replace as needed (typically every 15,000-30,000 miles depending on conditions).

Cabin Air Filter:

Replace every 7,500 to 15,000 miles or 12 months, depending on environment.

Spark Plugs:

Iridium type, replace at 105,000 miles.

Coolant Replacement:

Subaru Super Coolant (blue), first replacement at 137,500 miles or 11 years, then every 75,000 miles or 5 years thereafter.

Transmission Fluid Change Auto:

Inspect every 7,500 miles, replace typically around 60,000-100,000 miles based on usage. Consult manual for specific conditions.

Differential Fluid Change Front Rear:

Inspect every 7,500 miles, replace typically every 30,000-60,000 miles.

Engine Oil:

SAE 0W-20, API SN or higher, ILSAC GF-5 or higher. (Consult manual for exact specification and viscosity based on temperature).

Engine Coolant:

Subaru Super Coolant (blue)

Brake Fluid:

SAE J1703 or FMVSS No. 116 DOT 3

Power Steering Fluid:

Subaru Genuine Power Steering Fluid or equivalent DEXRON-III compatible fluid.

Head Gaskets:

While Subaru's EJ engines were known for head gasket issues in earlier generations, the 2008 model year (fifth generation) is generally considered to have improved head gasket designs, though leaks can still occur. Regular coolant checks are advised.

Catalytic Converter:

Premature failure or rattling can occur due to internal degradation, often exacerbated by engine misfires or rich fuel conditions.

Wheel Bearings:

Can become noisy (humming or grinding) with age and mileage, particularly front bearings.

ABS/Vsc Lights:

Illuminated ABS and VSC warning lights can indicate issues with wheel speed sensors, ABS modulator, or ABS pump. Diagnosis is crucial.

📚 Vehicle History

Subaru Philosophy:

Focus on Symmetrical All-Wheel Drive, boxer engines, safety, and practicality.

Legacy Introduction:

The Legacy was first introduced in 1989 as Subaru's flagship sedan and wagon.

Outback Origins:

The Outback variant originated from the Legacy station wagon, first appearing in 1995 (as the Legacy Outback) with increased ground clearance and rugged styling cues.

Fifth Generation Launch:

The 2008 model year marks the beginning of the fifth generation (BP chassis) for the Legacy, including the Outback variant.

Design Changes For 2008:

The fifth generation saw a significant redesign with a larger overall size, a more spacious interior, and updated styling.

Manufacturing Location:

Subaru of Indiana Automotive, Inc. (SIA), Lafayette, Indiana, USA.

🏆 Awards & Recognition

IIHS Ratings:

Consistently awarded for safety by the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety (IIHS).

NHTSA Ratings:

Achieved top safety ratings from the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA).

AWD System Recognition:

Symmetrical All-Wheel Drive system often cited for its effectiveness in inclement weather conditions.