🏷️ Basic Information

Make:

BMW

Model:

3 Series

Chassis Code:

E21

Model Year:

1978

Generation Code:

E21

Production Start Year:

1975

Production End Year:

1983

Engine Codes Covered:

M10 (4-cylinder), M20 (6-cylinder)

👋 Introduction

Positioning:

High-quality, vehicle-specific factory repair manual for enthusiasts and professionals maintaining the iconic BMW E21 3 Series.

Advantage:

Direct access to dealer-level information, crucial for accurate diagnosis and repair of this classic German sports sedan.

Feature 1:

Vehicle-specific, factory-issued content.

Feature 2:

Complete A-Z repair coverage.

Feature 3:

Includes diagrams, illustrations, and wiring schematics.

Feature 4:

Digital format offers convenience and portability.

Feature 5:

Empowers owners to perform their own maintenance and repairs.

📋 Manual Details

Model Variants Covered:

All E21 3 Series models (e.g., 316, 318, 320, 320i, 323i)

Repair Scope:

Comprehensive A-Z repairs

Estimated Page Count:

N/A (Digital Format)

Type:

Service and Repair Manual

Language:

English

Format:

PDF

Digital Compatibility:

Windows (Vista 32/64, XP, ME, 98, NT, 2000) and Mac

📖 Manual Coverage

Engine:

Engine overhaul, diagnostics, performance tuning, cooling system, lubrication system, fuel delivery and control, emission control systems, intake and exhaust systems.

Drivetrain:

Clutch, manual transmission, automatic transmission, transfer case (if applicable), propeller shaft, drive shafts, differential, axle, suspension systems (front and rear), steering system (column, power steering).

Brakes:

Brake control systems, hydraulic brake systems, parking brake, brake pad/shoe replacement, caliper/wheel cylinder service, brake bleeding procedures, drum and disc brake systems.

Electrical:

Ignition system, starting system, charging system (alternator/generator, starter motor, battery), lighting systems, instrumentation, meters, audio/visual systems, horn, windshield wipers and washers, door locks, power windows (if equipped), engine immobilizer, cruise control.

Body And Interior:

Bodywork, exterior trim, interior trim, seats, seat belts, supplemental restraint systems (airbags, if present), windshield, glass, mirrors, instrument panel, engine hood, doors.

Climate Control:

Air conditioning system service and repair.

Wheels And Tires:

Tire and wheel specifications, mounting, balancing.

Multiplex Communication:

CAN communication systems (relevant to the era).

Maintenance:

Scheduled maintenance, fluid changes, filter replacements, tune-ups, inspections.

Diagnostics:

Troubleshooting guides, symptom-based diagnostics, common fault identification.

Repair:

Step-by-step instructions for component removal, overhaul, and installation across all covered systems.

Technical Data:

Specifications, torque values, clearances, test procedures, wiring schematics.

Depth:

Factory-level, detailed diagnostic and repair procedures for technicians and advanced DIY enthusiasts.

Accuracy:

Vehicle-specific, not generic; identical to dealership technician manuals.

📊 Manual Specifications

Format Type:

PDF

Searchability:

Implied searchable text within PDF

Printability:

Yes, individual pages or sections can be printed.

Image Scalability:

Yes, diagrams and illustrations can be enlarged for printing.

Binding:

N/A (Digital Format)

Paper Type:

N/A (Digital Format)

Software Requirements:

Adobe PDF Reader, Winzip (free)

⚙️ Engine Specifications

Engine Family:

M10 (4-cylinder) and M20 (6-cylinder)

4 Cylinder Variants:

2.0L (e.g., 318, 320), 1.8L (e.g., 316)

6 Cylinder Variants:

2.3L (e.g., 323i), 2.0L (e.g., 320/6)

Typical Hp Range:

75 hp (316) to 143 hp (323i)

Typical Torque Range:

120 Nm (316) to 205 Nm (323i)

Fuel Delivery:

Carburetor (e.g., Solex, Zenith) for most models, Bosch K-Jetronic fuel injection for 320i and 323i.

Fuel Type:

Unleaded Gasoline (premium recommended for higher compression variants)

Type:

Liquid-cooled

Oil Type Recommendation:

API SG or SH, SAE 20W-50 or 10W-40 (refer to manual for precise viscosity based on climate)

System Type:

Distributor-based ignition system (e.g., Bosch)

🔧 Transmission

Type 4 Cylinder:

4-speed Manual Transmission

Type 6 Cylinder:

4-speed or 5-speed Manual Transmission

Automatic Transmission:

3-speed Automatic Transmission (e.g., ZF 3HP18, 3HP22) available on most models.

Clutch Type:

Dry single-plate clutch

Transmission Fluid Manual:

Manual Gearbox Oil (e.g., SAE 75W-90 GL-4)

Transmission Fluid Automatic:

ATF Dexron II (or equivalent)

📐 Dimensions

Wheelbase:

Approx. 2563 mm (100.9 in)

Length:

Approx. 4360 mm (171.7 in)

Width:

Approx. 1670 mm (65.7 in)

Height:

Approx. 1380 mm (54.3 in)

Curb Weight Range:

Approx. 1150 kg - 1300 kg (2535 lbs - 2866 lbs) depending on engine and equipment.

🛡️ Safety Features

Era Safety Standards:

Compliant with 1970s automotive safety standards; lacks modern active safety systems. Focus on passive safety elements.

Active Safety:

Four-wheel disc brakes on most higher-performance models (e.g., 323i); disc front/drum rear on others. Generally effective braking for its era.

Passive Safety:

Rigid safety cage, energy-absorbing steering column, padded dashboard, three-point seat belts (standard front, optional rear).

Windshield Glass:

Laminated safety glass for windshield, toughened glass for side and rear windows.

💡 Technology Features

Infotainment Systems:

Basic analog radio systems, optional cassette players. Limited in-car entertainment features by modern standards.

Driver Assistance Systems:

None by modern definition. Focus on driver feedback and control.

🔧 Maintenance

Oil Change Interval:

Typically every 5,000 - 10,000 km (3,000 - 6,000 miles) or annually, depending on driving conditions and oil quality used.

Spark Plug Replacement:

Every 20,000 - 40,000 km (12,000 - 25,000 miles), depending on spark plug type.

Timing Belt Chain Service:

M10 and M20 engines use a timing chain, which requires inspection for wear and tensioner adjustment; no scheduled replacement interval unless symptomatic.

Engine Oil Capacity:

Approx. 4.5 - 5.5 liters (4.7 - 5.8 US quarts), varies by engine.

Coolant Capacity:

Approx. 7.0 - 8.0 liters (7.4 - 8.5 US quarts), varies by engine.

Brake Fluid Type:

DOT 3 or DOT 4

Common Issue 1:

Rust and corrosion, particularly on wheel arches, sills, and underbody.

Common Issue 2:

Carburetor tuning and fuel system issues (especially with older fuel and ethanol content).

Common Issue 3:

Aging rubber components (bushings, hoses, seals) leading to leaks and poor handling.

Common Issue 4:

Electrical system gremlins (corroded connections, failing relays, faulty grounds).

Common Issue 5:

Cooling system component wear (radiator leaks, fan clutch failure, thermostat issues).

📚 Vehicle History

Bmw Philosophy:

BMW's reputation for 'The Ultimate Driving Machine' was solidified with the E21, emphasizing sporty handling, performance, and build quality.

E21 Introduction:

Introduced in 1975 as the successor to the successful 02 Series, the E21 marked BMW's first foray into a modern compact executive sedan with a more integrated design and improved aerodynamics.

E21 Updates:

Facelifted in 1977 with minor styling revisions and engine upgrades; further updates in 1980 included revised engines, improved aerodynamics (e.g., front spoiler), and interior enhancements.

Production Period:

1975-1983

Manufacturing Locations:

Germany (Munich, Dingolfing), South Africa, Belgium, and other assembly plants.

Total Production:

Over 1.3 million units

🏆 Awards & Recognition

Design Awards:

The E21's clean and functional design was well-received and set a benchmark for the compact executive class.

Driving Dynamics Rating:

Consistently rated highly for its engaging driving dynamics and handling characteristics.