BMW 315-323i (E21)

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🏷️ Basic Information Identification Make: BMW Model: 3 Series (E21) Product Name: BMW 315-323i (E21) Catalogue Codes Chassis Code: E21 Engine Codes Covered: M10 (M10B18, M10B20), M20 (M20B23) 👋 Introduction...

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类型: Car

斯库: 557011

标签: 315 323i BMW Car Cars Misc

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Description

🏷️ Basic Information

Identification

Make:

Model:

3 Series (E21)

Product Name:

BMW 315-323i (E21) Catalogue

Codes

Chassis Code:

Engine Codes Covered:

M10 (M10B18, M10B20), M20 (M20B23)

👋 Introduction

Market Position

Segment:

Compact Executive Sports Sedan

Late 1970s - Early 1980s

Competitive Analysis

Key Competitors:

Mercedes-Benz W201 (190E), Audi 80/Fox, Alfa Romeo Alfetta, Ford Sierra (later models).

Key Features

Design Philosophy:

Driver-focused cockpit, balanced chassis, rear-wheel drive, strong inline-four and inline-six engines.

Sales Appeal:

Sporty handling, build quality, brand prestige, accessible performance.

📋 Manual Details

Coverage Areas

Vehicle Models Covered:

BMW 315, 318i, 320i, 323i

Model Years Covered:

1975-1983

Page Count

Estimated Page Count:

400-600 (typical comprehensive service manual)

Manual Type

Type:

Service and Repair Manual / Technical Catalogue

Language

Language:

English

Format

Format:

PDF (likely digital download)

📖 Manual Coverage

Systems Covered

Engine Mechanical:

Engine assembly, cylinder head, block, crankshaft, pistons, connecting rods, camshaft, valve train, timing gears/chain, oil pump, oil filter housing.

Engine Fuel System:

Carburetor (Zenith/Solex on 315, 318, 320i), Kugelfischer mechanical fuel injection (on 323i), fuel pump, fuel lines, fuel filter, fuel tank.

Engine Ignition System:

Distributor, ignition coil, spark plugs, ignition wires, electronic ignition control (where applicable).

Cooling System:

Radiator, fan, water pump, thermostat, coolant hoses, expansion tank.

Exhaust System:

Exhaust manifolds, catalytic converter (late models), mufflers, exhaust pipes, hangers.

Transmission Manual:

Clutch operation, gearbox overhaul, gear shift linkage, driveshafts, universal joints.

Transmission Automatic:

Automatic transmission operation, fluid, adjustments (if equipped).

Front Suspension:

MacPherson struts, control arms, ball joints, sway bar, wheel bearings, steering knuckle.

Rear Suspension:

Semi-trailing arms, differential, shock absorbers, springs, trailing arm bushings.

Brakes Front:

Brake calipers, discs, brake pads, brake hoses.

Brakes Rear:

Brake drums/discs (depending on model/year), brake shoes/pads, wheel cylinders/calipers, brake lines.

Steering System:

Steering box, steering column, tie rods, steering linkage, power steering pump and lines (if equipped).

Electrical System Power:

Battery, alternator, starter motor, voltage regulator, wiring harnesses.

Electrical System Lighting:

Headlights, taillights, turn signals, interior lighting, fuse box diagram.

Electrical System Instruments:

Dashboard instruments, gauges, warning lights, speedometer, tachometer.

Bodywork Exterior:

Body panel removal/installation, door mechanisms, window regulators, locks, bumpers, trim.

Bodywork Interior:

Seat removal/installation, dashboard trim, headliner, carpeting, interior panels.

Heating Ventilation Ac:

Heater core, blower motor, control panel, air conditioning system (if equipped).

Procedures Included

Routine Maintenance:

Oil changes, filter replacements, fluid level checks and top-offs, spark plug replacement, brake pad inspection.

Engine Overhaul:

Detailed procedures for complete engine disassembly, inspection, repair, and reassembly.

Transmission Repair:

Step-by-step guidance for repairing and rebuilding both manual and automatic transmissions.

Suspension And Steering Repair:

Replacement of ball joints, tie rods, wheel bearings, struts, bushings, and steering components.

Brake System Repair:

Brake caliper/cylinder overhaul, rotor/drum replacement, brake line replacement, bleeding procedures.

Electrical Troubleshooting:

Diagnostic procedures for common electrical faults, wiring diagrams, component testing.

Fuel System Diagnostics:

Testing and repair of carburetors, fuel injection systems, pumps, and related components.

Bodywork Repairs:

Guidance on minor dent repair, panel alignment, and replacement of exterior trim and glass.

Diagnostic Troubleshooting Charts:

Systematic approaches to identifying and resolving common vehicle problems.

Technical Depth

Depth Level:

Comprehensive (covers routine maintenance to major component overhaul and diagnostics)

Diagnostic Capabilities:

Detailed troubleshooting sections, diagnostic charts, and repair procedures for addressing performance issues.

Torque Specifications:

Includes critical torque values for engine, chassis, and drivetrain fasteners.

Alignment Specifications:

Wheel alignment specifications (caster, camber, toe) for maintaining proper handling.

📊 Manual Specifications

File Format

File Type:

Searchability:

Searchable text for quick information retrieval.

Image Quality:

High-resolution diagrams and illustrations.

Print Quality

Print Readability:

Designed for clear printing and on-screen viewing.

Binding Type

Binding:

N/A (Digital Format)

Paper Type

Paper Quality:

N/A (Digital Format)

⚙️ Engine Specifications

Primary Engine

Engine Type:

Inline-4 (M10) and Inline-6 (M20)

Displacement 315:

1.8 L (1766 cc)

Displacement 318I:

1.8 L (1766 cc)

Displacement 320I:

2.0 L (1990 cc)

Displacement 323I:

2.3 L (2316 cc)

Performance

Horsepower 315:

75 hp (approx.)

Horsepower 318I:

105 hp (approx., with fuel injection)

Horsepower 320I:

115 hp (approx., with fuel injection)

Horsepower 323I:

143 hp (approx., with fuel injection)

Torque 323I:

190 Nm (approx.)

Fuel System

Fuel Delivery 315 318 320:

Carburetor (e.g., Zenith 35/40 INAT, Solex 36-40 DDH)

Fuel Delivery 323I:

Bosch K-Jetronic (CIS) mechanical fuel injection

Fuel Type:

Unleaded Gasoline (91 Octane RON minimum recommended)

🔧 Transmission

Standard

Transmission Type Standard:

4-speed Manual

Optional

Transmission Type Optional:

3-speed ZF 3HP18 Automatic (available on most models)

Features

Clutch Type:

Single Dry Plate Clutch

📐 Dimensions

Exterior

Length:

4360 mm (171.7 in)

Width:

1625 mm (64.0 in)

Height:

1380 mm (54.3 in)

Wheelbase:

2563 mm (100.9 in)

Weights

Curb Weight Approx:

1100 - 1250 kg (2425 - 2756 lbs)

Gvw Approx:

1550 - 1650 kg (3417 - 3638 lbs)

🛡️ Safety Features

Ratings

Crash Test Era:

Limited official crash test data available from this era; focus on passive safety design for the period.

Active Features

Brakes:

Front disc, rear drum (standard); optional front and rear discs on higher-performance models (323i).

Steering:

Recirculating ball steering box; optional power steering.

Passive Features

Seatbelts:

Standard 3-point front seatbelts; lap belts for rear passengers.

Body Structure:

Reinforced safety cell, crumple zones (front and rear), safety steering column.

💡 Technology Features

Infotainment

Audio System:

Period-correct analog radio and cassette player, often optional upgrades available from BMW or aftermarket.

Driver Assistance

Cruise Control:

Optional on some models.

Connectivity

Connectivity Features:

None (typical for the era).

🔧 Maintenance

Service Intervals

Oil Change Interval:

Every 5,000 - 10,000 km (3,000 - 6,000 miles) or annually, depending on driving conditions and oil type used.

Major Service Intervals:

Typically every 40,000 - 60,000 km (25,000 - 37,000 miles) for tasks like spark plug replacement, coolant flush, and transmission fluid change.

Fluid Specifications

Engine Oil:

API SG/SH or ACEA A2/A3; Viscosity: 20W-50, 15W-40, or 10W-40 (depending on climate). Capacity: Approx. 4.5-5.0 liters.

Coolant:

Ethylene Glycol based antifreeze, typically 50/50 mix with distilled water. Capacity: Approx. 7-8 liters.

Brake Fluid:

DOT 3 or DOT 4.

Transmission Fluid Manual:

GL-4 Gear Oil (SAE 75W-90 or 80W-90).

Transmission Fluid Automatic:

Dexron III / Mercon or equivalent (ZF TE-ML 03D/04D/14A).

Known Issues

Rust Prone Areas:

Wheel arches, rocker panels, front strut towers, rear trailing arm mounts, battery tray.

Engine Issues:

Oil leaks (valve cover gasket, oil pan gasket), cooling system leaks, carburetor/CIS fuel injection tuning issues, timing chain stretch (on higher mileage M20 engines).

Suspension Issues:

Worn trailing arm bushings, worn ball joints and tie rod ends, sagging front springs.

Electrical Issues:

Frayed wiring harnesses, failing alternator, faulty voltage regulators, deteriorating grounds, odometer gear failure (mechanical).

Fuel System Issues:

Clogged fuel filters, failing fuel pumps, vacuum leaks in fuel lines, carburetor jetting issues, worn fuel accumulator (CIS).

📚 Vehicle History

Brand Heritage

Bmw Philosophy:

BMW's reputation for building the 'ultimate driving machine' was well-established by the E21's introduction.

Model Evolution

Predecessor:

BMW 02 Series (e.g., 1602, 2002)

Successor:

BMW E30 3 Series

Design Innovation:

First BMW 3 Series generation to feature a more aerodynamic, 'wedge' profile and a driver-oriented dashboard. Introduced McPherson struts in the front suspension.

Production

Production Years:

1975–1983

Manufacturing Locations:

Munich, Germany; Rosslyn, South Africa.

Total Units Produced:

Over 1.3 million

🏆 Awards & Recognition

Recognitions

Sporting Heritage:

While not directly awarded, the E21 formed the basis for BMW's motorsport success in touring car championships, building on the legacy of the 02 Series.