Positioning:
The BMW 3 Series (E46) was positioned as a premium compact executive car, renowned for its driving dynamics, build quality, and sophisticated engineering. The 325xi variant specifically offered the added benefit of BMW's xDrive all-wheel-drive system, enhancing traction and stability.
Competitors:
Competed against vehicles such as the Mercedes-Benz C-Class, Audi A4, Lexus IS, and Infiniti G series.
Design Philosophy:
Emphasized the 'Ultimate Driving Machine' philosophy with a focus on rear-wheel-drive bias (even with AWD), balanced chassis, and responsive steering.
AWD System:
xDrive all-wheel-drive system provided variable torque distribution for improved handling in various conditions.
Years Covered:
1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005
Estimated Page Count:
Extensive (typically 2000+ pages for a full workshop manual)
Type:
Workshop Service Manual / Repair Manual
Engine:
Complete engine diagnostics, repair, overhaul, timing, cooling, lubrication, fuel injection, emissions control
Transmission:
Manual and Automatic transmission repair, clutch, torque converter, drivetrain components, fluid service
Drivetrain:
xDrive All-Wheel Drive system, differentials, axles, driveshafts, CV joints
Suspension:
Front and rear suspension, struts, shocks, control arms, bushings, alignment specifications
Steering:
Power steering system, steering rack, tie rods, wheel alignment
Brakes:
Hydraulic system, ABS, DSC, brake pad/rotor replacement, bleeding, component repair
Electrical:
Complete wiring diagrams, component testing, starter, alternator, battery, lighting, fuse/relay locations
Body:
Body panel repair, interior trim removal, door mechanisms, glass replacement, sealing
HVAC:
Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning system diagnosis and repair
Diagnostics:
OBD-II troubleshooting, fault codes, diagnostic procedures, electronic control units (ECUs)
Routine Maintenance:
Oil changes, filter replacements, fluid checks, spark plug replacement, belt inspection/replacement
Major Repairs:
Engine rebuild, transmission overhaul, suspension component replacement, brake system repair
Troubleshooting:
Step-by-step diagnostic guides for common and uncommon problems
Component Removal Installation:
Detailed instructions for removing and installing all major and minor components
Specifications:
Torque values, clearances, fluid capacities, pressure readings, wiring schematics
Depth:
Comprehensive (from basic maintenance to complete engine and transmission rebuilds, including advanced diagnostics)
Engine Type:
Naturally Aspirated Inline 6-Cylinder (M54B25)
Displacement:
2.5 Liters (2494 cc)
Bore X Stroke:
84.0 mm x 75.0 mm
Compression Ratio:
10.2:1
Valve Train:
DOHC, 24 valves, VANOS (Variable Valve Timing on intake and exhaust camshafts)
Horsepower:
189 hp @ 6000 rpm
Torque:
175 lb-ft (237 Nm) @ 3500 rpm
Fuel Delivery:
Electronic Fuel Injection (Bosch Motronic ME 7.2 or similar)
Recommended Fuel:
Premium Unleaded Gasoline (91 octane or higher)
Engine Oil Capacity:
Approx. 6.5 quarts (6.2 liters) with filter change
Coolant Capacity:
Approx. 7.9 quarts (7.5 liters)
Type:
5-Speed Manual (Getrag S5D 320Z or similar)
Type:
5-Speed Automatic (Steptronic, GM 5L40-E or similar)
AWD Integration:
xDrive system is integrated with both manual and automatic transmissions.
Automatic Transmission Fluid:
BMW ATF LT-3 (or equivalent Dexron III compatible fluid, check specific VIN for exact spec)
Manual Transmission Fluid:
BMW Manual Gear Oil (e.g., MTF LT-2 or equivalent SAE 75W-90 synthetic)
Automatic Transmission Fluid Capacity:
Approx. 8.5 quarts (8.0 liters) for refill
NHTSA Front Impact:
4-star (Driver), 4-star (Passenger) - For 2001 model year, variations may exist
IIHS Side Impact:
Good - For 2001 model year
Traction Control:
Dynamic Stability Control (DSC)
Braking System:
Anti-lock Braking System (ABS), Electronic Brake-force Distribution (EBD), Dynamic Brake Control (DBC)
Airbags:
Front airbags, front side-impact airbags (standard); optional rear side airbags
Seatbelts:
Pretensioners and load limiters for front seats
Oil Change Interval:
Variable (based on oil condition sensor and driving style), typically 10,000-15,000 miles or annually. Refer to Condition Based Service (CBS) system.
Spark Plug Replacement:
100,000 miles (long-life iridium spark plugs)
Coolant Flush:
Every 2-4 years or as indicated by CBS.
Power Steering Fluid:
BMW Power Steering Fluid (or Pentosin CHF 11S)
Brake Fluid:
DOT 4 (low viscosity recommended for ABS/DSC systems)
Oil Pan Gasket Leaks:
Common on M54 engines due to aging seals.
Crankcase Ventilation System:
Clogged PCV valve and hoses can lead to rough idle and oil leaks.
Cooling System:
Plastic coolant expansion tanks are prone to cracking; water pump and thermostat housing can also fail.
Rear Differential Seal Leaks:
Can occur, requiring seal replacement.
Window Regulator Failure:
Common issue affecting power windows.
ABS/Dsc Sensor Failure:
Wheel speed sensors can fail, affecting ABS and DSC operation.
Legacy:
BMW's reputation for engineering excellence, performance, and luxury in the premium automotive segment.
E46 Introduction:
The E46 generation 3 Series was introduced in 1998, with the 325xi variant (replacing the 328xi) appearing for the 2001 model year, bringing the xDrive all-wheel-drive system to the 3 Series sedan.
Manufacturing Locations:
Primary assembly in Dingolfing, Germany, with some components sourced globally.
